Notes on Seeds!
Phylum Vascular

 Angiosperms
 What are these?!
 Network of veins
 Xylem carries
water___(up or
down?)
 Phloem carries down
food
Important Prefixes

 Epi
 Means up
 Hypo
 Means down
That’s right: Scientists still
use Greek all the time!
Seeds

 Made up of three main
parts!
1) Embryo (tiny plant)
A. Consists of
 Radicle
 Another word for
roots
 First part of the seed
to emerge during
germination
3 Parts of Embryo

B. Hypocotyl
 The stem
 Found above the
radicle
 In some plants, this
becomes enlarged as a
storage organ
Seeds

C. Epicotyl
 The leaf
 In monocot plants, the
first thing to appear
coming out of the
ground is the epicotyl
Main Parts of Seeds

2. Cotyledon
 Food supply for the
embryo
 Until the embryo can
produce food for itself
through roots and
leaves
 Depends on the size of
the seed
 Larger seeds have food
supply that can last 2
weeks!
Main Parts of Seeds

3. Seed Coat
 Protective Coat
 The tiny plant is called
an embryo because it
cannot survive on its
own!
Germination

 When the seed starts to
grow!
 Depends on:
 Moisture levels
 Gases
 Temperature.
 Some seeds lie dormant
for many years!
Types of Seeds

Monocotyledon
(Monocot)
Dicotyledon
(Dicot)
Monocotyledon(Monocot)

 A seed with one seed leaf
(cotyledon
 Does not naturally break
into two parts
 Examples:








Lilies
Onions
Garlic
Grass
Corn
Rice
Oats
Barley
Monocots

 Characteristics
 On the flowers, the
stamen and petals
come in multiples of
3’s.
 Leaves have parallel
veins
 Vascular tissue (Xylem
and Phloem) are
spread evenly
throughout the stem.
Monocot Seed!

Draw the diagram and
look at your previous
notes to fill in the missing
labels!
A.
B.
C.
D.
______________.
______________.
______________.
______________.
Dicotyledon-(Dicot)

 A seed with two seed leaves
 Naturally breaks into two parts
 190,000 of the 260,000 species of plants are dicots!
 Examples: peas, beans, peanuts, apples, tomatoes,
potato
Dicots

 Characteristics
 Flowers
 Stamen and petals are
in multiples of 4 or 5.
 Leaves
 Have branching veins
 Stem
 Vascular tissue grows
on the outside ring.
 Trees making a ring!
Dicot Seed (please draw)

Monocot or Dicot?

Monocot or Dicot?

Monocot or Dicot?

Monocot or Dicot?

Monocot or Dicot?

Monocot or Dicot?

Monocot or Dicot?

Monocot or Dicot?

Monocot or Dicot?

Monocot or Dicot?

What we learned today

 Parts of a seed and embryo
 Differences between Monocot and Dicot
 Characteristics of them both