IUWM for Silesia Metropolitan Area: towards
holistic basin management in urban spaces.
Resilient Cities 2012
3rd Global Forum on Urban Resilience and Adaptation
Bonn, Germany
12 - 15 May 2012
Jan Bondaruk
Anna Siwek-Skalny
Central Mining Institute
Katowice
Poland
Introduction
Polish cities, especially in Silesia Metropolitan Area, in the face of
progressive social and economic transformation, concentrate on
reconstruction of their function from industrial to wellbeing cities
aware of their environmental constraints and challenges resulted
from heritage of heavy industry age.
Page 2
Introduction
1. Structural and cohesion funds significantly supporting Polish
cities in a long-term transition process towards more sustainable
settlements.
2. Cities concentrate on investments in water and sewage water
infrastructure.
3. Analysis of the last decade of investment boost in this field lead
to following remarks:
 „To spend funds” attitude – political pressure
 Superficial demographic trends analysis – demographic forecast
 Underestimated tarrifs – affordability analysis
 Insufficient consultancy – undefined risks
 Organisational changes and transformations – W&S system in
transition
 Disregard of legal and environmental law tendencies (i.e. sludge
management) – EU and national law coherence
Page 3
SMA location
Page 4
SMA potential
Silesia Voivodeship:

Inhabitants: 4,64 million

Area: 12 334 km2
Silesia Metropolitan Area:

Inhabitants: 2 million (and
300thou. in Katowice region capital city)

Area: 1 218 km2
National obligations
1577 agglomerations >2000 PE
The National Programme for
Municipal
Waste
Water
Treatment (NPMWWT)
This document imposed on the
Polish Government the obligation
to construct, expand and/or modify
municipal waste water treatment
plants and combined sewerage
networks in agglomerations by the
2015 time horizon.
The total implementation cost of the NPMWWT in 2005 - 2015
amounts to about 42.6 billion PLN. ~app. 10 bilion Euro
Page 6
Changes in lenght of sewerage network in selected
cities in Poland, 1999-2010
2,000
1,800
Length of sewerage network, km
1,600
1,400
Warsaw
1,200
Cracow
Katowice
1,000
Sosnowiec
Gliwice
800
Rybnik
Cieszyn
600
400
200
0
1999
2003
2005
2007
2009
2010
W&S Investment in Silesia Metropolitan Area
Percentage increase in
municipal sewage system in
2002 – 2010
Investment projects for
water and sewage
system:
 Żory, 2005 - 2008
 Rybnik, 2008, 2010
 Cieszyn, 2006 - 2009
 Kłobuck, 2007 – 2008
 Zawiercie, 2005
 Będzin, 2004 - 2007
 Katowice, 2005-2011
 ……..
Area covered by sewage
system in 2010
Sewage system in Katowice
Investment phase of WWTP Gigablok
Complex investment programme
(Masterplan) launched 2002 and
finished 2009 was co-financed by
Cohesion Fund
ca. 45 mln Euro (Phase I)
Operating phase
40 000 m3 per day
PE = 200 000
Nowadays it is conducted Phase II
of the Masterplan (additional 161 km of
sewage will be constructed and 2
WWTP’s will be modernised)
Till 2015 it is planned to invest
ca. 305 mln Euro
as a result 93% of inhabitants will
be connected to sewage network
Electricity is cogenerated from biogas
together with heat (yield - 300 m3/hr)
Page 9
Complexity of projects
Water and sewage management in Żory –
filling the gaps in the system
Project aimed at:
 approximately 106 km of gravity sewage
system,
 approximately 11 km of discharge sewage
system,
 21 pumping stations,
 1 water pumping station,
 45 km of storm water collectors,
 17 separators,
 8 potable water reservoirs,
 60 km of water supply network,
 the water treatment plant expansion and
reconstruction of the sewage treatment
plant.
App. 50 mln Euro
investment cost
Page 10
Integrated Water Resources Management
Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) is a process which
promotes the coordinated development and management of water, land
and related resources in order to maximise economic and social
welfare in an equitable manner without compromising the sustainability of vital
ecosystems and the environment (Global Water Partnership (…), 2000).
Objectives of IWRM at river basin level:
 Achievement of water security,
 Risk management,
 Effective and reliable delivery of water services,
 Coordinating and balancing the various water-using sectors as a part of
sustainable water management.
IWRM objectives at urban level – need to be redefined including specific
local conditions.
IUWM – Integrated Urban Water Management
Integrated Urban Water Management
Integrated
Urban
Water
Management (IUWM) takes a
comprehensive approach to
urban
water
services,
viewing
water
supply,
stormwater,
groundwater
and
wastewater
as
components
of
an
integrated physical system
and recognizing that the
physical system sits within
an organizational framework
and
a
broader
natural
landscape.
Understanding of urban
water cycle??
This integrated approach enable synergies to
be
identified
and
realized,
providing
opportunities for more sustainable, more costeffective solutions to the challenges of
managing the urban water cycle.
General barriers…
Barriers for implementation of the IUWM principles:
 Passing costs on the end user (false and unfavourable
interpretation of the "polluter-pays" principle),
 Lack of legal and economic mechanisms ensuring an interregional
(transboundary) cooperation,
 There are no uniform methodology for determining the urban
catchment (sewage system, morphology).
 Lack of system solutions for the analysis of changes in sewage
catchment resulted from urbanization and imperviousness of the
area.
The river basin do not respect
administrative boundaries
Sustainable rainwater management
TRADITIONAL APPROACH
Drainage systems



Protection of
property
Pipes and ducts


Ownership of Local Government


Focusing on extreme
phenomena
Action on “the peak flow!"
Multidisciplinary teams
Protection of property and the
environment
The imitation of natural processes

Administrative decisions

Decisions based on consensus



Ecosystems
Prevention (Preventing impacts)

Dominant role of engineers



Troubleshooting


INTEGRATED APPROACH
Broad partnership
Rainwater management, integrated
land use
Action on „the catchment capacity"!
Page 14
Business „as usual”
The amount of supplied water / discharged
sewage (dam3/year) in Silesia
Local flooding, higher operational costs,
signifficant impact on aquatic ecosystems
(degradation and accumulation)
Year
supplied water
discharged sewage
Page 15
Population in selected cities
of Silesia Metropolitan Area (SMA), 2000-2010
Treated wastewater during the year in selected cities of
SMA, 2002-2010
20000
Treated wastewater during the year, dam3
18000
16000
14000
Bytom
Gliwice
Zabrze
Chorzów
Katowice
Sosnowiec
Tychy
USM average
12000
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
Net unit price for water supplied and sewage disposal
in selected cities in Poland, 2011
Cieszyn
4.24
Rybnik
5.82
4.66
Gliwice
7.55
3.79
Sosnowiec
5.97
4.23
Katowice
4.70
4.00
Gdańsk
3.64
Cracow
5.31
2.93
4.00
Szczecin
3.38
Poznań
3.34
Warsaw
4.92
4.54
4.00
0
1
In some cities
the tariff for
sewage
services
doubled
during last
decade
5.66
2
5.23
3
4
5
6
7
8
Net unit price, PLN/1m3
9
10
11
12
13
water
One decade of IUWM - key findings
 Risk and comparative analysis of available technical and
financial options (forget about „proven” solutions not adjusted to
your local conditions),
 Complex analysis of investment and long–term operational
costs including environmental fees to avoid „unpayable” tariffs for
water and sewage services,
 Demographic trends and migration scenarios are important
factor of water and sewage networks effectiveness,
 Combined sewage systems should be transferred into
separate sewage and storm water systems.
 Public participation in the WFD implementation process of is
required at each stage of the planning circuit.
 Aware, well educated and involved local societies are needed to
enhance successful implementation of IUWM.
One decade of IUWM - key findings
WWTPs as a centres of
education??
Why not, it really works
IUWM - good examples
 Heat and electricity production from biogas as a by-product of wastewater
sludge digestion
 Implementation of water network hydraulic model divided into supply clusters
(SCADA) = more effective management and significant water losses decrease)
 Specific pollutants load menagement – effective collaboration between industry
park and sewage water treatment plant
 WWTP technology circuits (for agglomertaion above 100 thou of PE) are
modernised for increased biogen (N, P) removal
To implement holistic „principles” – project REURIS
The overarching aim of REURIS project is to implement strategies
and activities at reconstruction of natural and cultural resources
and management of urban river spaces.
REURIS connects experiences of 8 partners from 6 cities – Plzeň and Brno (Czech
Republic), Stuttgart and Leipzig (Germany), Bydgoszcz and Katowice (Poland).
www.reuris.gig.eu
Goals of the project:
 implementation of strategies and activities aimed at
revitalisation and management of urban river spaces,
 testing strategies and tools in practice and
assessment of effectiveness,
 consensus among all interested parties (e.g. local
tenants, planners, administrators of water resources),
 integration of spatial, socio-economic and engineering
issues in the process of preparation, realisation and
management of the implemented activity,
 creation of common set of methods & procedures
allowing for coordinated work of multidisciplinary
teams as well as effective stakeholder involvement.
Small stretch of Ślepiotka
Stream
Page 22
Challenges
 Water management integrated with land use planning and local
development including catchment dimension => better
understanding of interrelations between spatial planning, pollutant
discharge and quality of water bodies (surface and groundwater) in
reference to specific local conditions
 Scenario and credible data base analysis (quantitative and qualitative)
=> BALANCING SYSTEM OF POLLUTION LOADS IN CATCHMENT SCALE
 Networking collaboration between researchers, decision-makers,
ecologists and engineers as well as harmonisation of interest groups to
mitigate an intense pressure of urban areas on aquatic environment.
 Practical implementation of decision support tools and cyclical analysis
as a part of resource and service management,
 Organizational and system solutions (including cross-sector and
transboundary cooperation),
 Identified and visualized risks with reference to WFD principles.
EWS system benefits
Sustainable
Water
Abstraction
Equitable Water
Governance
Good Water
Status
High
Conservation
Value Areas
Transparency and
participatory decision making
in management of the
resources
Guidelines to identify & mitigate
water risks with reference to
WFD principles
Thank you for attention!
Jan Bondaruk
Head of Department of Water Protection
Central Mining Institute
phone:
fax:
mobile:
e-mail:
+48 32 259 24 66
+48 32 259 21 54
+48 512 293 850
jbondaruk@gig.eu