CIVIL ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE
INSTRUCTOR: SARAH OOSTERHUIS
WEST ADA SCHOOL DISTRICT, MERIDIAN, ID
Architectural Styles
Student Slide
Art Deco
Arts and Crafts
Cape Cod
Counter Culture
Bungalow
Contemporary
Cubic
ART
DECO
ART DECO
• Represented scientific progress, and the consequent rise
of commerce, technology, and speed.
• It is founded on mathematical geometric
• Most building are big and tall to represent strength and
stability.
• From 1925 to 1940.
• Average skyscraper has 18 floors.
Empire State Building
World Trade Center
ART DECO
• Flat Roofs
• Smooth Walls
• The walls of art deco homes are often made of smooth stucco and have rounded
corners.
• Bold Exterior decorations
• Buildings in the style were often decorated with zigzags, swans, lilies and sunrise motifs.
• Experimentation with interior materials.
• Art Deco designers used “new” materials such as glass block, neon, chrome, mirrors and
opaque glass panels.
Where Did It All Start?
Art Deco was first seen
in the 20th century, around
1925-1940. We got the style
from the 1925 Exposition
Internationale des Arts
Decoratifs Industriels et
Modernes, held in Paris.
Chrysler Building
What Makes it Special?
There was no set
number of stories
for the Art Deco style
of buildings. People
could build them as
high as they wanted
to, and they did,
this was the style for
the newly rising
skyscrapers being
built.
Art Deco structures
were usually made
of stucco, concrete,
smooth-faced
stone, and
Terracotta. Steel
and aluminum
were often used
along with glass
blocks and
decorative opaque
plate glass
Empire State Building
What makes it unique?
• Art deco architecture features a sleek, linear
appearance with stylized and often geometric
ornamentation.
• Examples include the Chrysler Building, the Empire
State Building, and the Bullocks Willshire Building.
• Most types of structures that took advantage of this
style were commericial, and you can find many
examples in Florida, Washington D.C, and New York
City
Chrysler Building
Empire State Building
Bullocks Willshire Building
CONTEMPORARY
Era/Stories
• Era: current (present day)
• Stories: generally 2
Materials
• Natural materials: cedar, stone
• Industrial Materials: steel, concrete
Features
Very personalized, but generally classified by:
•
•
•
•
Large windows
Unique forms
Open floor plans
Emphasis on comfort
Location
Places such as:
• California
• New York
• Washington D.C.
(Generally big, modern cities)
Style of Present Day (1950-Present)
Contemporary homes typically include an irregular or unusually
shaped frame, an open floor plan, oversized windows, and the use of
"green" and repurposed components (wood mixed with masonry).
Such homes also often have an organic design, fitting into the
surrounding space and meeting an immediate need in the area.
Typically includes 2-3 stories.
Style

Line – Mixture of vertical/horizontal

Form – Distinct 3D Look

Rhythm – Sometimes Grated Rhythm

Balance – Informal: Equal in weight

Proportion – Everything is very even

Unity – Perfection

Color – White/ Peaceful

Space – Very Free
ARTS
AND
CRAFTS
• Early 19th-century British and
American movement to revive
handicrafts
ARTS AND CRAFTS
KEY ELEMENTS
• Built of natural materials. Craftsman homes are typically built of real wood, stone and brick.
• Built-in furniture and light fixtures. Built-ins were the hallmark feature of the Arts and Crafts era. Builtin cabinets allowed the furnishings to be part of the architecture, ensuring design unity and economic
use of space. Even the light fixtures are often part of the design.
• Fireplace. A fireplace was the symbol of family in the Arts and Crafts movement, so most homes feature
a dominant fireplace in the living room and a large exterior chimney.
• Porches. Most homes in the Craftsman style have porches with thick square or round columns and stone
porch supports.
• Low-pitched roofs. The homes typically have a low roof with wide eaves and triangular brackets.
• Exposed beams. The beams on the porch and inside the house are often exposed.
• Open floor plan. The Arts and Crafts Movement rejected the small, boxy rooms like those in Victorian
houses.
ARTS AND CRAFTS
EXAMPLES
BUNGALOW
BUNGALOW STYLE
• Often used to describe any small
house built from 1900 to about
• Bungalow style has its roots in
native architectural style of
Bengal, India. During the late
19th century and the waning
days of the British Empire,
English officers had small houses
built in the "Bangla" style.
BUNGALOW
CHARACTERISTICS
• Usually 1 – 1 1/2 stories
• Low-pitched roof, often with broad eaves
• Entry typically opens directly into living room
• Often has a large front porch that creates an outdoor room
• Easy access to outdoor spaces like verandas, porches, and patios
• Open floor plan maximized for efficiency and flow from room to room with minimal space
wasted on hallways
• Often small with reliance on built-ins for organization
• Siding varies. Stucco is the siding of choice for many California-style Craftsman bungalows.
Western-style are typically more rustic with shingle or lapped siding, and Chicago-style
bungalows are frequently brick.
CAPE
COD
CAPE COD ARCHITECTURAL STYLE
• originated in New England in the 17th century
• Low, broad frame building
• Generally 1.5 story
• Steep, pitched roof with end gables
• Large central chimney
• Very little ornamentation
COUNTER
CULTURE
Time Period/Purpose

20th Century (1960-70s)

Hippie movement

Structures built to become one with nature.

“Destroy Box-reality”
Buildings/Materials

Geodesic domes

Could have solar panels

Vernacular Building

Typically wood, glass, dirt

Curved lines, represents nature

Match color of nature

1-2 stories

Residential
Counter Culture Architecture
Counter culture designs gained popularity in the 1960’s and 1970’s
with the hippie movement
Most popular in the Southwest
Mainly one floor
Materials:
Glass
Wood
Steel
The domes are made of glass or wood panels with steel frames.
This allows for minimal use of materials for the most
efficiency.
Design Elements/Principles
Lines - Curved
Colors - Very
Shape - They are literally all dome shaped
Space - Open and uncluttered space
Texture - Depends on the chosen material
Value - Varies
Balance - Radial
Rhythm - Regular Rhythm
Unityyyyyyyyyyy
Characteristic of a Counter Culture
treehugger.com
Geodesic domes provide
huge, open spaces while
providing structural
integrity with minimal
materials
inhabitat.com
domehome.com
Most of these
utilize large
windows for
natural light and
energy efficiency
Many of them
incorporate solar
panels for maximum
energy efficiency
Revival
Due to recent global issues with global warming,
need for new forms of energy, etc. These types of
domed houses are coming back due to their high
efficiency in both space and energy.
CUBIC

1995 to current day

Usually Two Stories

First location was in Helmond Netherlands
http://dullneon.com/randomnotes/2011/10/kubuswoningen.html
CUBIC STYLE

Glass

Steel

Wood

Very unique
MATERIALS
http://siongchin.com/blog/?p=772

Geometric

Modern

Clean Horizontal lines

Calm peace and relaxation
FEATURES
http://fancycribs.com/22025-house-on-24th-street-by-steven-kent-architect.html
Cubic Style Architecture
 Developed by
 Early 20th Century
 Residential and Commercial Structures
 2 or More Stories
 Materials used




Glass
Steal
Wood
Concrete
 Located in

France


Germany
Netherlands


Japan
U.S.
 Distinctive Features



Cube Design
Flat Roofs
Big Windows
Cubic Style Architecture
 Purpose

Create Large Simple Structures
 Site Location

Depends on Type of Cubic Structure
 Use of lines

Horizontal/Vertical Lines
 Form

Cubism/Based on Squares
 Color

Neutral
 Texture

Smooth
 Balance

Asymmetrical
 Proportion

Asymmetrical/Symmetrical
 Unity

Similar Characteristics