Meiosis Study Guide
Biology
1. Haploid – half the chromosomes, n, refers to sex cells (sperm/egg)
2. Diploid – 2 copies of every chromosome, 2n, refers to body cells
3. Somatic – body cells, are diploid (2n)
4. Gametes –sperm/egg, haploid (n) = have half the # of
chromosomes
5. Germ cells – body cells that develops into gametes (sperm / egg)
6. n - haploid number, sex cells
7. 2n – diploid number, body cells
8. Body cells formed by – mitosis
9. Egg and Sperm formed by – meiosis
10.
Chromosomes in human cell - 46
11.
Chromosomes in human sex cell – 23
12.
Homologous chromosomes – two similar chromosomes that
you inherit from your mother and father
13.
Fertilization – fusion of egg and sperm
14.
Oogenesis – the creation of egg cells (ovum)
15.
Zygote – a fertilized egg
16.
Asexual reproduction – forms an exact copy with SAME
genetic material; happens in mitosis
17.
Random assortment of chromosomes – happens during
metaphase I and contributes to genetic diversity
18.
Crossing over – homologous chromosomes twist around
each other and swap random genes ; increases genetic diversity
19.
Number of sperm produced in meiosis – 4
20.
Number of eggs produced in meiosis – 1 egg and 3 polar
bodies
21.
What happens during prophase I? crossing over
22.
What happens during metaphase I? chromosomes line up
randomly with their homologous pair
23.
What happens during Anaphase I? – homologous
chromosomes are separated and chromosome number is reduced
in half
24.
What happens during anaphase II? Sister chromatids are
pulled apart by fibers
Mitosis
Body cells
Meiosis
Sex cells
Chromosome
number
# of cell
divisions
# of cells
produced
Stays the same
Half
1
2
2
4
Cells identical
to parent cell?
Type of
reproduction
Yes, genetically the
same
Asexual
No, genetically unique
Type of cell
Review “Meiosis” worksheets and “Checking In”
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