Rawalpindi Division
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Rawalpindi Division was one of the administrative subdivisions of the Punjab province of Pakistan, forming
part of the third tier of government below the federal and provincial levels. Divisions were composed of districts
which formed the fourth tier of government, but the local government reform of 2000 abolished
administrative divisions and raised the districts to become the new third tier of government.
Contents
[hide]

1 History
o
1.1 British rule
o
1.2 After independence

2 Districts

3 See also

4 References
History[edit source | editbeta]
British rule[edit source | editbeta]
Following the British conquest of the region in 1849, the area around Rawalpindi became a division of
the Punjab province of British India, primarily because of the strategic location of the city of Rawalpindi.The
Rawalpindi Division itself was a part of Lahore Division.
The Imperial Gazetteer of India describes the division as follows:
"North-western Division of the Punjab, lying between 31°35' and 34° 1' N. and 70° 37' and 74°29' E. The
Commissioner's head-quarters are at Rawalpindi and Murree. The total population of the Division increased
from 2,520,508 in 1881 to 2,750,713 in 1891, and to 2,799,360 in 1901. Its total area is 15,736 square miles,
and the density of the population is 178 persons per square mile, compared with 209 for the Province as a
whole"[1]
The division was composed of five districts:
District
Gujrat
Area (sq mi)
2,051
Population (1901)
750,548
Shahpur
4,840
524,259
Jhelum
2,813
501,424
Rawalpindi
2,010
558,699
Attock
4,022
464,430
Total
15,736
2,799,360
After independence[edit source | editbeta]
On independence in 1947, the division was one of four divisions of the province of West Punjab but from 1955
to 1970, the divisions was one of twelve (later thirteen) divisions of West Pakistan province under the One
Unit policy. On the dissolution of West Pakistan, the division was restored to the new Punjab province, but
parts of the division were transferred with parts of Lahore Division to form the new Gujranwala Division.
Districts[edit source | editbeta]
The division was composed of four districts at abolition in 2000.

Attock District

Chakwal District

Jhelum District

Rawalpindi District
Attock District
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article may require copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or
spelling. You can assist by editing it. (November 2012)
Attock District
‫اٹ ک‬
District
District location within Punjab Province
Country
Pakistan
Province
Punjab
Capital
Attock
No. of
6
Government
• District Coordination
Usman Ahmed Ch.
Officer
• District Police Officer
Muhammad Hilal Khan
Area
• Total
6,857 km2 (2,648 sq mi)
Elevation
2,758 m (9,049 ft)
Time zone
PST (UTC+5)
, Pashto and others
Languages
likeHindko, Urdu,
Website
www.attocknews.com
www.attockonians.com
Attock District (Urdu: ‫اٹک‬
‫) ِضلع‬, is a district in the north-west Punjab Province of Pakistan.
The district was created in April 1904[1] by the merger of Talagang Tehsil in the Jhelum District with
the Pindigheb, Fatehjang and Attocktehsils from Rawalpindi District of the Punjab province of British India.
Emperor Akbar the Great, the grandson of Babar, recognising the strategic importance of this area, in 1581
built his famous Attock Fort complex here. The fall of the Mughal Empire in the 18th century saw the rise of
Hindu Maratha state and Sikhs in Punjab and Durrani Afghans to the west. Once again Attock became a battle
ground between two contending powers. Maratha Peshwa's brother Raghunathrao won Attock and flagged
Hindu dominance over this area in 1758. But in the Third Battle of Panipat the Marathas lost to Ahmead Shah
Abdali and lost control of this region. The British finally ended the feud by subjugating both Sikhs and Afghans
in the 19th century.[2]
Contents
[hide]

1 Name

2 Neighbours

3 Kabul River

4 Language

5 Resources

6 Geography and climate

7 Population

8 Main castes

9 Pathans or Pashtuns
o
9.1 Sagri Khattak Pathans
o
9.2 Chhachh Pathans

10 Hindu population before 1947

11 Notable people of Attock

12 References
Name[edit source | editbeta]
Attock District original name was Attock it changes Campbellpur after the Briton Sir Colin Campbell who
founded the city of Campbellpur. The name of the district was changed to Attock as of 1978 again. [3] Attock city
is the district headquarters.
Neighbours[edit source | editbeta]
Attock District is bordered by the Haripur and Swabi districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province to the north, the
district of Rawalpindi and capital Islamabad to the east, the district of Chakwal to the southeast, the district
of Mianwali to the southwest, and Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa's districts of Kohat and Nowshera to the west and
northwest. The river Indus forms the western boundary of the district.
Kabul River[edit source | editbeta]
Attock is the eastern terminus of the Kabul-Attock corridor to the Central Asia through which for centuries have
passed the armies and the caravans alike. However unlike the modern highways, this corridor is not a work of
engineering marvel but an act of nature as it was naturally carved through the Hindu Kush Mountains by the
legendary Kabul River.
The 435 miles long journey of River Kabul starts just west of the Kabul city in Afghanistan and ends at Attock
where it ultimately falls into the River Indus.[2]
Language[edit source | editbeta]
Dialects of Punjabi
As per the 1998 census of Pakistan, the following are the demographics of the Attock district, by spoken
language:

Punjabi language: 90%

Other: 10%
Inhabitants of Attock District speak a great variety of Punjabi dialects: which are

Chhachi (Northern parts of district mainly in Attock tehsil)

Ghebi (Western parts of district in Fateh Jang and Pindigheb tehsil)

Majhi or standard (Sizeable population in cities)

Jandali (Jand Tehsil Southern border areas with Mianwali)

Pothohari (Easteren border areas)
Other Languages include:

Pashto which is also spoken by sizeable population in the KPK province border areas and in the cities.

Urdu is mother tongue of few people but being national language is spoken and understood by the
sizeable population.

English is also understood and spoken by the educated elite.
Resources[edit source | editbeta]
Dhullian is a village in Pindigheb Tehsil. This village has important resources namely oil and gas, It has been
providing oil since the 1930s. There are all types of soil as mountains, plain areas fertile grounds and it also
has a river flowing through it. There is a famous Ghala Mandi located in Dhullian Chowk. Here 90% of the total
population area agricultural. This historical village is located at the end of Attock District.
Geography and climate[edit source | editbeta]
Attock District has a climate of hot summers and cold winters. The northern part of the district is more humid
and is more moderate in climate relative to the southern part of the district due to the higher altitude.
Geographically, the district is mainly hills, plateaus and dissected plains. The Indus River flows on the northern
and western borders of the district. After Haripur, the Haro River passes through the north of the tehsil of Attock
where there is a flood plain with fertile soil. The District's average annual rainfall is 783 mm.
Population[edit source | editbeta]
According to the 1998 census of Pakistan the district had a population of 1,274,935 of which 20.45% were
urban,[4] The estimated population in 2008 was 1.58 million.
According to the According to the Gazetteer of the Attock District 1930, Hindus made up 8.5% of the total
population .[5]
The city also had a significant Muhajir population. In fact, Attock city is dominated by the immigrants from India
and there population multiplied at a phenominal rate as they are inclined toward having many children. Also
most of the business is controlled by them. They hold key positions in public and private sector too.
During the soviet war in Afghanistan a great number of afghan refugees came to Attock as it is closed to
Peshawar, although many of these refugees have moved back to Afghanistan but still there is a considerable
percentage of those who chose not to go back and have started their lives in Attock.
Main castes[edit source | editbeta]
The Syed, Mughals(Sardar), Awan, Jutt, Khattar, Qanungoh
Shaikhs, Paracha, Arains, Pathans, Gakhars, Gujjars, Rajputs and Qureshis are the main castes of Attock
District.[6]
Pathans or Pashtuns[edit source | editbeta]
The Pashtun, or as they are referred to in the this region, Pathans, are found principally in the Attock District
and belongs to Qais Abdur Rashid(father of all pashtuns). There are two Pathan settlements in that district, one
in the south-west of Pindigheb Tehsil at Makhad and in the Narrara hills, the other in the Attock Tehsil, chiefly
in the Chhachh illaqa.[7] In addition, there are also a few scattered villages, in Rawalpindi District.Almost 50% of
the population of this city near area chachh are of Pashtun) origin, who speak Hindko language. There is also
significant villages of predominately Pashto speaking Pashtuns in Attock, who have managed to keep their
Pashto language, but are often bilingual in both Hindko and Pashto. The remaining population consists of
Sayyeds, Gujjars and other non-Pathan tribes.
A large percentage of the population of Chhachh have Pashtun roots and are mostly descendants of the tribes
of SHEIKH Durrani, Bangash, Alizai, Yousafzai, Kakar, Dilazak, Tareen, Tahir Khel (Tahirkheli),
Qazikhel, khattak, Tanoli, Sadozai and Barakzai. They arrived in the area around 1000 AD as part of the army
of Mahmud of Ghazni and made it their permanent home after defeating the Hindu confederation near Hazro.
Proof of this is that many of the villages & individual quarters of chach are named after certain Pakhtun
personalities & tribes, markedly proving who had founded them. For example Aka Khel, Nasozai, Utman
Khel, Saleem Khan, Ghorghushti, Adalzai, Musazai tribes People live in Barazai, Sarkani Tribes people live
in Behboodi and Umarzai people live in Malak Mala andShinka etc. Most of these Pashtuns now refer to
themselves as Pathans and speak Hindko as their main language, were as the Pashto speaking Pashtuns are
still referred to as Pashtuns.
Some of the Pashto speaking Pashtuns of chach (Attock) belong to the following Pashtun tribes namely Ismail
Khel, Tarakhel Khel, Salat Khel, Hisab (Yusuf) Khel, Tur Khel and Babarkarzai. There is also a steady flow of
Pashtuns from Afghanistan settling into the area, and are hospitably welcomed by the local Pashtuns.
Chach Pashtuns are revered for their fighting ability in ancient times and more recently for their many
advancements in education, culture, and society. It is claimed that Hindko was the original ancient language of
Chhachh when it was part of the Gandhara civilisation and was adopted over time by the Pashtun tribes that
invaded the area.
According to the 1901 Census of India, these were the main sub-divisions of the Pathans in Attock District.[8]
Tribe
Attock
Tehsil
Pindigheb Tehsil
Fateh Jang
Tehsil
Talagang
Tehsil
Total
Akhund Khel 722
722
Alizai
4,415
4,415
Bangash
900
900
Babi
581
581
Barakzai
578
578
Dilazak
1,070
Jamal Khel
43
579
Lodhi
727
Saddo Khel
801
Sagri Khattak
Tareen
3
1
1,116
579
5
733
Piru
Khel
594
594
801
4,759
658
4,759
658
Sagri Khattak Pathans[edit source | editbeta]
The Pindigheb Pathans are practically all Sagri Pathans, a branch of the Bulaki Khattaks. The Babar family
of Bhangi Khel Khattaks is also represented in the Narara hills. Another branch of the Khattaks, the Jamal
Khel also have a presence in settlements near the town of Makhad.
According to their traditions, the khattaks came across the Indus river from the neighbourhood of Kohat, and
got conflict with Awans, whom they found in possession, they drove out the weak branh of Awans from the
west, but Awans successfully defended their strongholds in the east and expelled Khattaks from their
strongholds. The khattaks look up to the Khans ofMakhad" Sher Ahmed Khattak", as their headmen. They
own seven villages, of which Makhad and Narara are the largest. The village of Hadowali in the west with
boundary to the east, where the Awans with stronghold are their neighbours.Their speech is the soft or western
dialect of Pashto.[9]
Chhachh Pathans[edit source | editbeta]
The Attock Pathans are found in two parts of the tehsil, those of Sarwala, and those of Chhachh. The Chhachh
Pathans have very little in common with the Sagri Khattaks, as they are separated by the Kala Chita
mountains, and a solid territory of Awan and Khattar Rajput villages.The Chhachhies are also known
as Chhachi (Pashtun). The Chhachh have Hindko andpushto speaking community, and have much in common
with the Pashtun tribes settled in the neighbouring Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. Chhachh
have Pukhtun culture and peoples are following Pashtunwali code of conduct strictly like in NWFP. Mostly
Pathans in Chhachh came with Ghaznavi from Afghanistan.[10]
The largest clan are the Alizai, who include the Tahirkheli, one of three main septs of the Alizai. The Tahirkheli
inhabit villages along the Haro river. The other tribe along the Haro are theSadozai, and both they and the
Alizai, are branches of the Durrani-Tareen tribe. In addition, a very sizeable number of clans and septs of the
great Yusufzai tribe are aso found here.
The Attock District Gazetteer gives the following description regarding Pathan settlement in the district: The
connection of Pathans with the tahsil is not very ancient. The earliest comers may have been the Lodhis, who
are a section of the Ghilzai nation, and accompanied Mahmud Ghaznavi as mercenaries on his invasions
of India. Their numbers are inconsiderable. Next after a long interval came the Dilazak who were gradually
driven from the Safed Koh by the Yusufzai. About the end of the 16th Century they crossed the river, and found
the Chhachh, then a swamp being slowly recovered from the Indus, in possession of the Gujjars. Apparently
they never settled down and in consequence of the turmoil caused by their constant attempt to
recover Mardan illaqa of Peshawar from the Yousafzais, were finally deported by Jahangir and scattered over
the India Peninsula.[10] The great Pathan invasion of the Chhachh took place much latter. About the end of the
17th Century the Khattaks, pushing up from Kohat at the south,began to press on the flanks of the Yousafzai
between Attock and Peshawer of which they had been put in charge. At the same time too the Gujars
of Hazara has summoned the Yousafzais across the river to help against the Tareen, a tribe of
original Afghans ofJewish and Arab origin, who had fallen on the Haripur plain. Later in the middle of the 18th
Century the Piro Khels who are Afridis and Pathans proper, came with Nadir Shah perhaps fromPersia, and
remained behind when he returned.By the end of the 18th Century Dilazaks, Tareens, Yousafzais
and Afridis had settled down in the Tahsil, with the Yousafzai numerically immensely superior. Since then no
immigration has taken place. The chief accretion to Pathan strength has been that of the Akhund Khel. Akhund
is the title given to any chief of special sanctity, and Akhundzada is the title of his descendants. Many Akhund
Khel are by origin Sayyid and Awan.The Tahirkheli Pathans who inhabit the north-east of the Tahsil below the
main wall of the Gandgarh Hills and along the line of the Haro by tradition and sentiment have little to with
Attock. They live or own land in the Hazara District, and many are Jagirdars.[11]
The Chhachh ilaqa is almost entirely held by the Pathans, as is the Nala estates, along the Haro river valey.
The Attock Pathans were the earliest group of this reigon to start emigrating to Europe and North
America.There are now large communities of Chhachh Pathan settled in British cities, such as Bradford,
Birmingham and Manchester, also there are sizeable Pathan communities from Chachh/Attock in
California(US) cities of Stockton,Lodi,Sacramento,San Francisco Bay area and in the state of North
Carolina. [12]
Hindu population before 1947[edit source | editbeta]
Attock District had a heterogeneous mix of religious and ethnic populations before 1947. The Gazetteer of the
Attock District 1930 records "Hindus, who make up 8.5% of the total population are by tribes and in order of
numerical importance, Khatris, Aroras, Brahmans and Mohyals".[13] After the independence of Pakistan in 1947,
the minority Hindus and Sikhsmigrated to India while the Muslim refugees from India settled in the Attock
District.
Notable people of Attock[edit source | editbeta]

Malik Amin Aslam (former Minister of state, MNA, landlord )[14]

Maj Tahir Sadiq (Son in law of Chaudary zahoor Elahi, he was also the District Nazim of Attock)[15]

Malik Ijaz Amjad (Member of a notable Landlord family of Attock, he is a prominent businessman and is
also considered amongst the richest awan's of Punjab)[16][17]

Sheikh Aftab Ahmad (MNA from PMLN, Ex State Minister)[18]

Malik Ata Muhammad Khan, a prominent feudal lord of Kot Fateh Khan, Attock. He is renowned for his
love for horses and tent pegging)[19]

Col(R)Shuja Khanzada (MPA and Minister from 2005–2008 in General Musharraf's Government)[20]

General Shuja Pasha (Ex DG ISI)[21]

Malik Hakmeen (He has been appointed senator and Minister twice in ppp's government)[22][dead link]

Sardar Saleem Haider (MNA, Minister of state for defence in current government)[23]

Sardar Mehmood Advocate (Senator)
Chakwal District
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please
help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced
material may be challenged and removed. (June 2009)
Chakwal District ‫الوک علِض‬
District
View from top of the temple
Chakwal is located in the north of Punjab
Country
Pakistan
Province
Punjab
Capital
Chakwal
Government
• District Coordination Officer
Ahmed Aziz Tarar
• District Police Officer
Kashif Mushtaq Kanju
Area
• Total
6,524 km2(2,519 sq mi)
Population (1998)
• Total
1,083,725
Time zone
PST (UTC+5)
District Council
seats
Number of Tehsils
4
Chakwal District (Urdu: ‫چکوال‬
‫ ) ِضلع‬is located in Punjab, Pakistan.
Contents
[hide]

1 Language

2 Administration
o
2.1Constituencies

3 Geography

4 Demography

5 History

6 Historical sites

o
6.1 Katas Raj
o
6.2 Dulmial
7 References
Language[edit source | editbeta]
Inhabitants of Chakwal District speak Dhani and Majhi both being dialects of Punjabi Language.
Administration[edit source | editbeta]
The district of Chakwal, which covers an area of 6,524, [1] is subdivided into 5 tehsils,[2] these tehsils were
formerly part of neighbouring districts:

Chakwal of Jhelum District

Talagang of Attock District and police station Choa Saidan Shah, carved out of subdivision Pind
Dadan Khan, Jhelum District, and amalgamating it with sub-division Chakwal. Choa Saidan Shah
was upgraded to the level of a sub-division in 1993.
At present district Chakwal consists of 5 subdivisions – Chakwal, Talagang, Choa Saidan
Shah, Lawa and Kallar Kahar, 23 qanungois and 198 patwar circles. The police subdivisions correspond
with those of the district administration and there are 11 police stations- Chakwal City, Saddar, Kallar
Kahar, Dhumman, Nila, Dhudhial, Talagang City, Saddar, Tamman, Lawa and Choa Saidan Shah.
The district is administratively subdivided into four tehsils and 68 Union Councils[3]
Name of Tehsil
No of Unions
Chakwal Tehsil
30
Kallar Kahar Tehsil
8
Choa Saidan Shah Tehsil 7
Talagang Tehsil
23
Total
68
Constituencies[edit source | editbeta]
There is one district council, two municipal committees- Chakwal and Talagang and two town
committees- Choa Saidan Shah and Kallar Kahar.
The district is represented in the National Assembly by two constituencies NA-60 and NA-61. The district
is represented in the provincial assembly by four elected MPAs and in National Assembly by two MNAs
who represent the following constituencies:[4]
Constituency
MPA
Party
PP-20
Chaudhary Liaqut Ali Khan
Pakistan Muslim League (N)
PP-21
Malik Tanveer Aslam Sethi
Pakistan Muslim League (N)
PP-22
Zulfiqar khan Dullah
Pakistan Muslim League (N)
PP-23
Malik Zahoor Anwar
Pakistan Muslim League (N)
NA-60
Maj retd Tahir Iqbal
Pakistan Muslim League (N)
NA-61
Malik Mumtaz Khan Tamman Pakistan Muslim League (N)
Geography[edit source | editbeta]
Chakwal district borders the districts of Rawalpindi and Attock in the north, Jhelum in the
east, Khushab in the south and Mianwali in the west. The total area of Chakwal district is 6,609 square
kilometres, which is equivalent to 1,652,443 acres (6,687.20 km2).
The southern portion runs up into the Salt Range, and includes the Chail peak, 3,701 feet (1,128 m)
above the sea, the highest point in the District. Between this and the Sohan river, which follows more or
less the northern boundary, the country consists of what was once a fairly level plain, sloping down from
2,000 feet (610 m) at the foot of the hills to 1,400 feet (430 m) in the neighbourhood of the Sohan ; but the
surface is now much cut up by ravines and is very difficult to travel over.[5]
Lying at the beginning of the Potohar plateau and the Salt Range, Chakwal is a barani district and the
terrain is mainly hilly, covered with scrub forest in the southwest, and levelled plains interspaced with dry
rocky patches in the north and northeast.
Demography[edit source | editbeta]
According to the 1998 census of Pakistan, the total population is 1,083,725 of which 12.01% only were
urban making Chakwal the most rural district in Punjab.[6]
The predominantly Muslim population supported Muslim League and Pakistan Movement. After
the independence of Pakistan in 1947, the minority Hindus and Sikhs migrated to Indiawhile
the Muslim refugees from India settled in the Chakwal District.
History[edit source | editbeta]
During British rule, Chakwal was a tehsil of Jhelum district, the population according to the 1891 census
of India was 164,912 which had fallen to 160,316 in 1901. It contained the towns of Chakwal
and Bhaun and 248 villages. The land revenue and cesses amounted in 1903-4 to 3–3 lakhs.[5]
The boundaries and area of the tehsil were described by the Imperial Gazetteer of India as follows the
tehsil "lies between 28° 45' and 30°05' N. and 72°32' and 73° 13' E., with an area of 1,004 square
miles".[5]
Historical sites[edit source | editbeta]
Quite a number of historical sites lie in the undulations of Chakwal, the more important of which are:
Katas Raj[edit source | editbeta]
Katas Raj is a 3000-year-old town sacred to the Hindus and lies about 5 kilometres west of Choa Saidan
Shah on the Choa-Kallar Kahar road. Its importance is derived from the fact that it contains over 100
temples built over a period of more than 1000 years by its Hindu Rajas. Some of these temples are
dilapidated but a large number of them have been well maintained. Hindu pilgrims from all over Pakistan
and India frequently visit this town to worship. Katas Raj at its peak time was the well renowned
university; a famous mathematician Alberunimeasured the circumference of the earth while he was
studying the Sanskrit in that university.
Dulmial[edit source | editbeta]
Dulmial is located just 3 km from Katas Raj, a town which is very famous for the services rendered from
its residents to all walks of life for Pakistan and also in British Army. [7] Dulmial is one of the two towns on
Earth which was awarded with the Victoria Gun After WWI in 1920. The gun was received by Capt.
Ghulam Mohammad Malik and other WWI veterans. Since the creation of Pakistan Dulmial has kept its
reputation in the Pakistan Army as well, apart from the military services this town is also known for the
reputation of its people working in high ranks in almost every important governmental and non
governmental organisations.
PHOTAKI RAJGAN
Its located in a beautiful place of District Chakwal.
Jhelum District
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jhelum
District
Land of Bilal and Warriors
Nickname(s): Land of Martyrs and Warriors
Country
Pakistan
Province
Punjab
Capital
Jhelum city
Area
• Total
3,587 km2 (1,385 sq mi)
Population (2006)
• Total
1,103,000
• Density
261/km2 (680/sq mi)
Time zone
PST (UTC+5)
Website
www.dailyjhelum.com
Location of jhelum
Jhelum District (Urdu: ‫ )ضلع جہلم‬is in the Punjab province of Pakistan. According to the 1998 census,
the district had a population of 936,957, of which 31.48% were urban.[1] Jhelum is known for providing a large
number of soldiers to the British and later to the Pakistan armed forces due to which it is also known as city of
soldiers or land of martyrs and warriors.[2] The district of Jhelum stretches from the river Jhelum almost to
the Indus. Salt is quarried at the Mayo mine in the Salt Range. There are two coal-mines, the only ones worked
in the province, from which the North-Western railway obtains part of its supply of coal. The chief centre of the
salt trade is Pind Dadan Khan. The district is crossed by the main line of the North-Western railway, and also
traversed along the south by a branch line. It is located in the north of the Punjab province, Jhelum district is
bordered by Sargodha to its south, Gujrat and the Jhelum River to its south and east, Chakwal to its
west, Mirpur to its east, and Rawalpindi to its north.
Contents
[hide]

1 Administration

2 Language

3 Demographics

4 History
o
4.1 Early history
o
4.2 Sultanate era
o
4.3 Mughal era
o
4.4 Sikh era
o
4.5 British era

5 Independence

6 Topography
o
6.1 Jhelum City
o
6.2 River Jhelum

7 Agriculture

8 Sport

9 Flora and fauna

10 Climate

11 Development organizations

12 Universities, Colleges and schools

13 Notable people

14 See also

15 References

16 External links
Administration[edit source | editbeta]
The district of Jhelum, which covers an area of 3,587 km2,[3] is administratively divided into
four tehsils: Jhelum, Sohawa, Pind Dadan Khan andDina,[4] - which are divided into 53 Union Councils.[5] It also
contains the cities of Jhelum,
Language[edit source | editbeta]
As per the 1998 census of Pakistan, the following are the demographics of the Jhelum district, by spoken
language:

Punjabi language: 96.6%

Other: 3.4%
Inhabitants of Jhelum District speak a great variety of Punjabi dialects: which are

Pothohari (Northern and Western Side),

Majhi or standard (in cities),

Shapuri (east side along the river and parts of Tehsil Pind dadan khan)

Dhani (western side along Chakwal).

Thalochi (parts of Tehsil Pind dadan khan)
Among other languages Urdu is spoken and understood by most of the population.
English is also understood and spoken by the educated elite.
Demographics[edit source | editbeta]
The population of Jhelum District according to the 1998 census of Pakistan was 936,957 with a population
density of 261 people per square kilometre.[6] According the Punjab Education Department's annual literacy
statistics for 2006, Jhelum had a literacy rate of 79% which is among the highest in Pakistan. [7][8][9] Human
Development Index of Jhelum is 0.770, which highest in Pakistan after Karachi.
According to the Gazetteer of the Jhelum District of 1904, 88.7% of the population were Muslim[10]
History[edit source | editbeta]
Main article: History of Jhelum
Tilla Jogian, the highest peak in Jhelum District
Early history[edit source | editbeta]
The history of the district dates back to the Hindu mythological period of the Mahabharata. The epic represents
the Salt Range as the refuge of the five Pandava brethren during the period of their exile, and every salient
point in its scenery is connected with some legend of the national heroes. Modern research has fixed the site of
the conflict between Alexander and Raja Porus as within Jhelum district, though the exact spot at which the
Macedonian king effected the passage of the Jhelum (or Hydespes) has been hotly disputed. After this event,
we have little information with regard to the condition of the district until the Muslim conquest brought back
literature and history to Upper India. The Janjuasand Jats, who now hold the Salt Range and its northern
plateau respectively, appear to have been the earliest inhabitants[11]
The Gakhars, who appear to represent an early wave of conquest from the west, and who still inhabit a large
tract in the east of the District; while the Awans, who now cluster in the western plain, are apparently later
invaders, the Gakhars were the dominant race during the early Muslim era and they long continued to retain
their independence, both in Jhelum itself and in the neighbouring District of Rawalpindi. [11]
Sultanate era[edit source | editbeta]
In 997 CE, Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi, took over the Ghaznavid dynasty empire established by his
father, Sultan Sebuktegin, In 1005 he conquered the Shahis in Kabul in 1005, and followed it by the conquests
of northern Punjab region. The Delhi Sultanate and later Mughal Empire ruled the region. The Punjab region
became predominantly Muslim due to missionarySufi saints whose dargahs dot the landscape of Punjab
region.
Mughal era[edit source | editbeta]
During the flourishing period of the Mughal dynasty, the Gakhar chieftains were among the most prosperous
and loyal vassals of the house of Babar. After the decline of the Mughal Empire, the Sikh invaded and occupied
Jhang. The Muslims faced severe restrictions during the Sikh rule.
Sikh era[edit source | editbeta]
In 1765 Gujar Singh defeated the last independent Gakhars Chief, Muqarrrab Khan, and reduced the wild
mountaineers of the Salt Range and the Murree Hills to subjection.
British era[edit source | editbeta]
a mosque on Jhelum Pind Dadan Khan Road
In 1849. Jhelum passed with the rest of the Sikh territories into the power of the British. Ranjit Singh, however,
had so thoroughly subjected the wild mountain tribes who inhabited the District that little difficulty was
experienced in reducing it to working order.
During British rule Jhelum was a district of Rawalpindi Division, and was larger than the current district of
Jhelum. On April 1, 1904, the tehsil of Talagang was detached from the District and incorporated with the new
District of Attock.
The old Jhelum district (minus Talagang) covered an area of 2,813 square miles (7285 km2) and included
Chakwal tehsil – it was bounded by Shahpur and Attock to the west, and by Rawalpindi to the north –
the Jhelum River separated it from Kashmir to the north-east and from Gujrat and Shahpur to the south-east
and south.[11]
Independence[edit source | editbeta]
The predominantly Muslim population supported Muslim League and Pakistan Movement. After
the independence of Pakistan in 1947, the minority Hindus and Sikhs migrated to India while
the Muslim refugees from India settled in the Jhelum District.
Since independence the agriculture and industry of Jhelum developed and it is now important part of Economy
of Pakistan.
Topography[edit source | editbeta]
Location of Jhelum District within Punjab Province.
Jhelum City[edit source | editbeta]
Main article: Jhelum
The district capital, Jhelum City, is situated on the right and left bank of the Jhelum River,the left side of Jhelum
is known as Sara-i-alamgir and it also contain the Military College Jhelum (MCJ). The 16th-century Grand
Trunk Road passes through the city. Jhelum city is near the site of the famous Battle of the Hydaspes between
the armies of Alexander the Great and Raja Porus This battle took place a few miles downstream from the city
centre, along the river banks. Population of the Jhelum city (proper) is about 172,073[12] (2009) and it is the
35th largest city of Pakistan with respect to population. A cantonment was built during the British rule, which
has grown up into a strong Garrison, with an Infantry Division commanded by a Major General.
River Jhelum[edit source | editbeta]
Main article: River Jhelum
The River Jhelum below the bridge beside Jhelum City
The river Jhelum is navigable throughout the district, which forms the south-eastern portion of a rugged
Himalayan spur, extending between the Indus and Jhelum to the borders of the Sind Sagar Doab. Its scenery is
very picturesque, although not of so wild a character as the mountain region of Rawalpindi to the north, and is
lighted up in places by smiling patches of cultivated valley. The backbone of the district is formed by the Salt
Range, a treble line of parallel hills running in three long forks from east to west throughout its whole breadth.
The range rises in bold precipices, broken by gorges, clothed with brushwood and traversed by streams which
are at first pure, but soon become impregnated with the saline matter over which they pass. Between the line of
hills lies a picturesque table-land, in which the beautiful little lake of Kallar Kahar nestles amongst the minor
ridges. North of the Salt Range, the country extends upwards in an elevated plateau, diversified by countless
ravines and fissures, until it loses itself in tangled masses of Rawalpindi mountains. In this rugged tract
cultivation is rare and difficult, the soil being choked with saline matter. At the foot of the Salt Range, however,
a small strip of level soil lies along the banks of the Jhelum, and is thickly dotted with prosperous villages.
The drainage of the district is determined by a low central watershed running north and south at right angles to
the Salt Range. The waters of the western portion find their way into the Sohan, and finally into the Indus; those
of the opposite slope collect themselves into small torrents, and empty themselves into the Jhelum.
Agriculture[edit source | editbeta]
This section does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this section
by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged
and removed. (January 2012)
Jhelum District has a total area of 858,767 acres (3,475.31 km2), out of which 316,815 acres (1,282.10 km2)
are cultivated. It has four tehsils viz; Jhelum, Pind Dadan Khan, Dina and Sohawa. The area is located on the
eastern part of Potohar upland along with River Jhelum.
Agriculture in the District Jhelum depends mainly on rainfall. The average rainfall of the area varies from 20 to
40 inches (1,000 mm). About three fourth of this precipitation is received in monsoon season and the remaining
one fourth is received during the rest of the year. The irrigated area at present is limited but the emphasis on
construction of small Dams and Mini Dams is gradually increasing. Wheat remains the main crop.
In Tehsil P.D.Khan Salt is the predominant feature which is spoiling the rich agricultural land day by day. There
is a long strip of very rich and virgin soil along the river which could be made a paradise of citrus plantation by
drip irrigation if the local people are motivated and the Government of Punjab expressed some interest in it.
Sport[edit source | editbeta]
This section does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this
section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be
challenged and removed. (January 2012)
The main sports of the area are centred around agricultural pursuits and excellence and include Patthar (stone)
lifting by young men. A localised version of Kabbadi, Bull racings centred around a Persian water wheel at the
villages of Kantrili, and Jada near the suburban town of Kala Gujran. These happen to be important and most
popular with many thousands of people in attendance. Tent pegging using the local horses and riders. This
indicates the regions prowess during war and battle and hence the city being attributed the name of land of
martyrs and warriors. There is a small cricket stadium at Suleiman Park. Many of these rural sports retain the
regions excellence in raising and retaining some of the finest young citizens of the country.
The fine horse and riders of the Jhelum tract
Hockey is the another sports which is very popular in Jhelum. Jhelum produced many famous players of
hockey who served for different departments in the field of hockey. Currently Cypruss Hockey Club is the most
popular club in Punjab.
Flora and fauna[edit source | editbeta]
This section does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this section
by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged
and removed. (January 2012)
Vegetation of the forests of Jhelum Forest Division is dry deciduous scrub type, Phulai, Kau and sanatha are
the main species. The stocking on the whole is poorand the forests are open. Vegetation is poor on sandstone
and redmarl. The southern slopes are often devoid of vegetation while north western slopes carry good forests.
The forests of Jhelum Forests Divisions are burdened with right of grazing browsing and firewood. Under
settlement out of total area 93,566 acres (378.65 km2) only 5,468 acres (22.13 km2) about (45%) are right free.
Remaining 55% are open to grazing.
The fauna of the District is mostly indigenous restricted, like the vegetation, but similarly varied and interesting.
The rugged and rough terrain, low rainfall, the scantly cover of vegetation and the burning passions of the
increasing number of hunters, all have their share in limiting the animal kingdom in the District. The riverine
offers a better environment than elsewhere though the hills support a more interesting wildlife. Urial and
Chinckara are spot aids while wild bores are found in the Salt Range. Wolves, Foxes and Wild Cats are also
found. Hare is fairly common. Chikor grey and black Partridge are also found in the parts of the district.
Migratory ducks like Teal Pintail and Mallard and some geese visit during winter.
Climate[edit source | editbeta]
The climate of the tract is extreme. In winter it is very cold and summer is very hot. The average rainfall varies
from 48 to 69 m.m per annum which is much below the required quantity but in the rainy season the water
torrents flow from North to the river Jhelum with a very fast speed and cause damages to the crops, bridges,
roads and are responsible for the soil erosion in the District. The detailed data is as under:
[hide]Climate data for Jhelum, Pakistan
Month
Average high °C (°F)
Average low °C (°F)
Precipitation mm (inches)
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
20
22
27
33
38
40
36
34
35
33
28
21
(68)
(72)
(81)
(91)
(100)
(104)
(97)
(93)
(95)
(91)
(82)
(70)
5
8
12
18
22
26
26
25
23
17
10
6
(41)
(46)
(54)
(64)
(72)
(79)
(79)
(77)
(73)
(63)
(50)
(43)
34
50
60
36
32
52
237
221
78
12
10
30
(1.3)
(2)
(2.4)
(1.4)
(1.3)
(2)
(9.3)
(8.7)
(3.1)
(0.5)
(0.4)
(1.2)
Source: Weatherbase[13]
Development organizations[edit source | editbeta]
Rehmat Welfare Foundation Jhelum is a charity project working for poor & needy people of fifty mile area
including Jhelum which cannot afford the expenses of their daily life and very expensive general medical and
kidney dialysis treatment.[14]
Civil Society Human and Institutional Development Program[15] (CHIP)is working in Sohawa Tehsil since 2004,
with its field office in the area CHIP has successfully mobilized community people to get organize into
Community Based Organizations, Community Citizen Boards and Women Organizations. Further, CHIP has
duly built the capacity of these local entities to take new initiatives. These community level organizations, in
collaborative partnerships with CHIP, are working on several development projects. The main focus of these
projects is to eliminate illiteracy from villages of Sohawa especially those where government education
structure does not exist, make clean drinking water available, provide technical support to the local farmers,
raise skill development opportunities for women and sensitize communities to include women in decision
making. The local community level organizations developed by CHIP are making successful efforts in
implementing development projects by deriving funds from local government bodies.
CHIP has announced Sohawa as its main development area and the organization is assessing further
development interventions in villages of Sohawa, presently the main focus of organization is to introduce an
'Inclusive Development Model' which suggest active involvement of people with disabilities in the development
process.[citation needed]
Education Welfare Society (EWS)a registered NGO, founded in 1995 by Syed Waqar Azeem; a well known
social personality awarded by "FAKHR-E-JHELUM" (Proud of Jhelum) in 1998 demonstrated pivotal role in
educational development in the city and represented the jhelum on international level and its educational
welfare and developments' needs on major platforms and devoted himself for the welfare of the masses.
Tameer-e-Millat Foundation (TMF), a registered not-for-profit organization, is a known development foundation
in the district. It is focused on the 100% literate P.D.Khan Initiative. TMF started its first school 1n 1987 in
Khewra a well known town of P.D.Khan Tehsil. Now TMF is running 10 Model schools,50 community
schools,02 vocational centers, 02 computer training centers and an institute of Technology in P.D.Khan Tehsil.
about 5,000 boys and girls are studying in TMFs educational network in P.D.Khan.TMFs institutions has been
made about 2500 primary, 1500 middle 2500 matriculate and about 150 intermediate graduated in the entire
tehsil. TMF has its model or community school in every union council of P.D.Khan.
Universities, Colleges and schools[edit source | editbeta]
Govt. College GT Road Jhelum

Punjab University.

Air Foundation School System Jhelum (Boys & Girls).

Air Foundation School System Junior Branch (Near Al-Bilal Hotel)

Army Public School and College Jhelum Cantt.

FG Intermediat College Jhelum Cantt.

Fauji Foundation Model School & College, Jhelum Cantt.
Cantonment Board CMB Model, Jhelum

Govt. Postgraduate College, Jhelum.

Govt. College. G.T. Road, Jhelum.

Govt. College for Women, Jhelum.

Govt. College of Commerce, Bilal Town, Jhelum.

Research Girls College Kala Gujran, Jhelum

Jinnah Law College Near Kutcheri, Jhelum.

M.A. Jinnah College of Commerce & Computer Science, Jhelum.

PICS, Bilal town, Jhelum.

Presentation Convent School, Jhelum. Presentation convent high school for girls, Jhelum Cantt.

Jhelum Homeopathic Medical College, GT Road Jada, Jhelum

SLS College, Jhelum.

Govt. College of Technology Chak Daulat, Jhelum
Notable people[edit source | editbeta]
Main article: List of people from Jhelum
See also[edit source | editbeta]

Rawalpindi Division

Chakwal District

Attock District

Pind Dadan Khan Tehsil

Sohawa Tehsil

Dina Tehsil

Jhelum Tehsil
Rawalpindi District
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality
standards. No cleanup reason has been specified. Please helpimprove this article if
you can. (December 2008)
Rawalpindi District
District
Map of Punjab with Rawalpindi District highlighted
Rawalpindi is located in the north of Punjab.
Country
Pakistan
Province
Punjab
Capital
Rawalpindi
Area
• Total
5,286 km2 (2,041 sq mi)
Population (2010)
• Total
4,500,000
Time zone
PST (UTC+5)
Number ofTehsils
7
Website
http://www.rawalpindi.gov.pk
Mankiala Stupa 27 kilometres (17 mi) from Rawalpindi city
Rawalpindi District (Urdu: ‫راولپنڈى‬
ِ
‫) ِضلع‬, is a district of Pakistan in the north of the Punjab province which
contains the city of Rawalpindi. The district has an area of 5,286 km2 (2,041 sq mi). It was part of Rawalpindi
Division, until the year 2000 when the division was abolished. It is situated on the southern slopes of the northwestern extremities of the Himalayas, including large mountain tracts with rich valleys traversed by mountain
rivers. It contains the Murree hills and the sanatorium of the same name, the chief hill station in the Punjab. The
chief rivers are the Indus and the Jhelum, and the climate is noted for its health benefits.[1]
Contents
[hide]

1 Demography

2 Language

3 History
o
3.1 Ancient history
o
3.2 Sultanate
o
3.3 Mughal era
o
3.4 Sikh era
o
3.5 British era
o
3.6 Independence

4 Agriculture

5 Subdivisions

6 Notable people

7 Kahuta

8 Gujar Khan

9 Taxila

10 Murree

11 Kallar Syedan

12 Phulgran Bahakahu ICT

13 References

14 External links
Demography[edit source | editbeta]
Main article: Demography of Rawalpindi District
According to the 1998 census of Pakistan, the population of the district was 3,363,911 of which 53.03% were
urban,[2] and is the second-most urbanised district in Punjab. The population was estimated to be 4.5 million in
2010.[3]
The main tribes of the district are the Rajpoot, Syed, Gakhars (AKA
Kiani,Rajas), Janjuas, Awans, Gujjars, Jats, Kassar, Sheikh
(Caste), Abbasi, Bhatti, Chauhan, Mughals, Qureshi (Caste), Rawal,arain(Caste) and Satti.[3]
Language[edit source | editbeta]
As per the 1998 census of Pakistan, the following are the demographics of the Rawalpindi district, by spoken
language:

Punjabi language: 90%

Other: 10%
Inhabitants of Rawalpindi District speak a great variety of Punjabi dialects: which are

Pothohari (Tehsils of Gujar khan,Potohar Town & Kallar syedan)

Pahari (Tehsil Muree, Kotli sattian & people of AJK living in the district)

Majhi or Standard (Tehsil Rawal town & in cities)

Chhachi (A variety of hindko spoken in Tehsil Taxila)

Ghebi (South western border areas to Attock district)

Dhani (Southern borders near district Chakwal)

Shapuri (People of Sargodha division living in the district)
Other Languages include:

Urdu is mother tongue of few people but being national language is spoken and understood by sizeable
population.

English is also understood and spoken by the sizeable educated elite.

Pashto which is also spoken by sizeable population in the Rawalpindi city.

Minority Languages spoken in Rawalpindi city being languages of different parts of Pakistan and
Afghanistani refugees (Kashmiri, Shina, Balti, Khower, Burshiski, Gujri, Hindko, Ladakhi, Hazargi, Tajik,
Sindhi, Saraiki, Baluchi, Brahwi).
History[edit source | editbeta]
Wikisource has the text of
the1911 Encyclopædia
Britannicaarticle Rawalpindi.
Ancient history[edit source | editbeta]
In ancient times the whole or the greater part of the area between the Indus and the Jhelum seems to have
belonged to a Naga tribe calledTakshakas, who gave their name to the city of Takshasila. Known as Taxila by
the Greek historians, the location of the ancient city has been identified to be in the ruins of Shahdheri in the
north-west corner of the District. At the time of Alexander's invasion Taxila was described by Arrian as a
flourishing city, the greatest indeed between the Indus and the Hydaspes; Strabo adds that the neighbouring
country was crowded with inhabitants and very fertile; and Pliny speaks of it as a famous city situated in a
district called Amanda. The invasion of Demetrius in 195 B.C. brought the Punjab under the Graeco-Bactrian
kings. Later they were superseded by the Sakas, who ruled at Taxila with the title of Satrap. At the time of
Hiuen Tsiang the country was a dependency of Kashmir.[4]
Rawalpindi District was agricultural region with forests during the Indus Valley Civilization. The Vedic period is
characterized by Indo-Aryan culture that invaded from Central Asia and settled in Punjab region.
The Kambojas, Daradas, Kaikayas, Madras, Pauravas, Yaudheyas, Malavas and Kurus invaded, settled and
ruled ancient Punjab region. After overunning theAchaemenid Empire in 331 BCE, Alexander marched into
present-day Punjab region with an army of 50,000. The Rawalpindi was ruled by Maurya Empire, Indo-Greek
kingdom, Kushan Empire, Gupta Empire, White Huns, Kushano-Hephthalites and Shahi kingdoms.
Sultanate[edit source | editbeta]
In 997 CE, Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi, took over the Ghaznavid dynasty empire established by his
father, Sultan Sebuktegin, In 1005 he conquered the Shahis in Kabul in 1005, and followed it by the conquests
of northern Punjab region. The Delhi Sultanate and later Mughal Empire ruled the region. The Punjab region
became predominantly Muslim due to missionarySufi saints whose dargahs dot the landscape of Punjab
region.
Mughal era[edit source | editbeta]
Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi passed through the District after his defeat of Anand Pal and capture of Ohind.
The Gakhars, a tribe still of importance within the district trace their origins back to Mahmud of Ghanzi. The first
mention of the Gakhars occurs in the memoirs of Babar, who gives an interesting account of the capture of
their capital, Paralah. It was strongly situated in the hills, and was defended with great bravery by its chief Hati
Khan, who escaped from one gate as the Mughal army marched in at the other. Hati Khan died by poison in
1525 ; his cousin and murderer Sultan Sarang then submitted to Babar, who conferred on him the area of
Potwar. From that time on the Gakhar chieftains remained firm allies of the Mughal dynasty, and provided
significant aid to the Mughal in their struggle against the house of Sher Shah. Salim Shah attempted in vain to
subdue their country.
In 1553 Adam Khan, Sarang's successor, surrendered the rebel prince Kamran to Humayun. Adam Khan was
subsequently deposed by Akbar, and his principality given over to his nephew Kamal Khan. During the height
of the Mughal empire, the family of Sarang retained its territorial possessions. Its last
and Gakhars chief, Mukarrab Khan, ruled over a kingdom which extended from the Chenab to the Indus.[4]
Sikh era[edit source | editbeta]
After the decline of the Mughal Empire, the Sikh invaded and occupied Rawalpindi District.
British era[edit source | editbeta]
In 1849 Rawalpindi passed with the rest of the Sikh dominions under British rule; and though tranquillity was
disturbed by an insurrection four years later, led by a Gakhar chief with the object of placing a pretended son of
Ranjit Singh on the throne, its administration was generally peaceful until the outbreak of the Mutiny in 1857.
The Dhunds and other tribes of the Murree Hills, incited by Hindustani agents, rose in insurrection, and the
authorities received information from a faithful native of a projected attack upon the station of Murree in time to
organise measures for defence. The women near the station, who were present in large numbers, were placed
in safety, while the Europeans and police were drawn up in a cordon round the station. The rebels arrived
expecting no resistance, but were met with organised resistance and were repelled.[4]
The district of Rawalpindi was created during British rule as part of Punjab province. The district obtained its
current boundaries in 1904 when Attock District was created as a separate district. According to the 1901
census of India the population in 1901 was 558,699, an increase of 4.7% from 1891. [1] During the period
of British rule, Rawalpindi district increased in population and importance.
Independence[edit source | editbeta]
The town dwindled in importance during the British Raj. The predominantly Muslim population
supported Muslim League and Pakistan Movement. After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, the
minority Hindus and Sikhs migrated to India while the Muslim refugees from India settled in the Rawalpindi
District.
Agriculture[edit source | editbeta]
The principal crops were wheat, barley, maize, millets, and pulses. The district was traversed by the main line
of the North-Western railway, crossing the Indus at Attock and also by a branch towards the Indus at
Kushalgarh.[1]
Subdivisions[edit source | editbeta]
Administrative subdivisions of Rawalpindi District.
The district is divided into seven tehsils:

Gujar Khan

Kahuta

Kallar Syedan

Kotli Sattian

Murree

Rawalpindi Tehsil

Taxila
Kallar Syedan became the seventh Tehsil of Rawalpindi district on 1 July 2007; prior to this date it was part of
Kahuta Tehsil.[5]
Notable people[edit source | editbeta]

Raja Pervaiz Ashraf Prime Minister of Pakistan

Gen. Ashfaq Pervez Kayani,Presently Chief of the Army Staff

Gen. Tikka Khan, ex Chief of the Army Staff (1972–1976), Governor of East Pakistan(1971), Governor of
Punjab (1988–1990)

Chaudhry Nisar Ali Khan, the current opposition leader in the National Assembly.

Sheikh Rashid Ahmad ex Federal Minister.

Shahid Khaqan Abbasi, member of National Assembly and owner of Air Blue.

Shoaib Akhtar former Pakistan Cricket Team player and World's Fastest Bowler.

Sohail Tanvir, Pakistan Cricket Team player

Gen. Zaheerul Islam (Current DG ISI)

Azhar Mahmood (Cricketer)
Kahuta[edit source | editbeta]
Kahuta Tehsil (Urdu: lishet ehT.tcirtsiD idniplawaR fo )snoisividbus( slisheT neves eht fo eno si )‫ت ح ص یل ک ہوٹ ہ‬
is administratively divided into 13 Union Councils, two of which form the city of Kahuta.Kahuta is a beautiful
place, of many mountain ranges, breathtaking views, snow capped mountains, forests, gushing rivers and a
cool climate hot in the summer with more rainfall just giving it that coolness, cold winters, different spices of
wildlife, different tribes of people living off the land, keeping livestock.According to the 1998 census of Pakistan,
Kahuta has a total population of 153,000.
Gujar Khan[edit source | editbeta]
Gujar Khan is located in the heart of the Potohar region and is also called the land of Shaheed. The region has
produced people from all walks of life. Two recipients of Nishan-i-Haidercame from Gujar Khan. The area is
notable for producing many top Military professionals as well. See also famous personalities of Gujar
Khan.Gujar Khan is largest subdivision in Pakistan.Gujar Khan Have Most old Town,Gulyana,
Kauntrila,sukho,daultala,jatli,Sasral Garmala etc.
Taxila[edit source | editbeta]
Taxila is famous for UET Taxila, and the historic Taxila Museum.
Murree[edit source | editbeta]
Main article: Murree
In the North of Rawalpindi District, where the Punjab meets the North-West Frontier Province is the city
of Murree, Murree is one of the hill stations that was established during the British Raj.[6]
Rawalpindi
Kallar Syedan[edit source | editbeta]

Kallar Syedan became the seventh Tehsil of Rawalpindi in 2007, a very promising area with people of all
tribes residing there including Syed, Raja,Bhatti, Awan, Jatt, Chaudary, Rajputs, Kashmiri Butt & Dhar and
many others. During the building of the Mangla Dam many of the inhabitants of the surrounding areas of
the Mangla Dam migrated in Kallar Syedan, making Kallar the hot spot of new technological
developments.
Phulgran Bahakahu ICT[edit source | editbeta]
Phoolgran (Phulgran) is a village and union council situated in the Islamabad Capital Territory of Pakistan. its
geographical coordinates are 33° 45' 0" North, 73° 13' 0" East and its original name (with diacritics) is Phulgrān.