Bluetooth Compliance Testing
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BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
Overview
Overview
Chapter 1
WHY ?
Chapter 2
Differences between 802.11 /Bluetooth
Why ?

WHO ?
Chapter 3
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
Is there a Qualification
Who ?

Controls the process
What ?

Is tested
How ?


RSA-Be. |13-Dec-01 | 2
Can the Qualification be obtained
Do I perform the tests
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
Differences 802.11/Bluetooth
Overview
Chapter 1
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
802.11
Bluetooth
One to One connection
One to seven parallel connection
Always on
Only on when used
Non hopping
Fast hopping 1600 hops/s
Higher data rate
Restricted data rate

Currently up to 11 MBps
Features

Only IP
Approach


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Define standard
Let market work out issues
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING

Currently 1MB gross datarate
Special Features

Serial, Parallel, Audio, IP,
customizable
 Approach

Defined Specification and req. Tests
 Work out a common base before
marketed
WHY ?
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BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
Qualification / TA
Bluetooth
Devices
Overview
Chapter 1
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
Qualification
Program
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
Regulatory Approval
&
'License to sell'
HOW ?
Chapter 5
Global Market
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BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
Qualification vs. TA
Overview
Chapter 1
Bluetooth
Devices
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
Qualification
Program
HOW ?
Chapter 5
RF Tests
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Protocol &
Profile Tests
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
Regulatory Type
Approval
ETSI
TS &
EN
FCC
ICES,
VCCI,
...
WHY ?
Overview
Chapter 1
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
Technology Requirements:

Technology verification

Compatibility, Interoperability

Marketing
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
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Regulatory requirements:

Health / Safety Standards

Local spectrum use regulations e.g. FCC,ETSI

Licensing
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
WHO ?
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BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
SIG Organization
Overview
Chapter 1
WHY ?
Chapter 2
Regulatory
(GOV)
WHO ?
Chapter 3
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
RF
Regulations
Aviation
Regulations
Legal
Committee
(LEGAL)
Management
Services
(ADMIN)
Test and
Interop
(TEST)
China
Regulations
Architecture
Review
Board
(BARB)
Marketing
(MKTG)
Subgroups
Promoter
Associate
Early Adopter
Independent
Qualification
Review
Board
(BQRB)
BTAB
BQA
Technical
Working
Groups
Expert
Groups
Security
Regulations
Japan
Regulations
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-
Program Management
Board
(PM Board)
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
BQB
Errata Owner and Review pool
SIG Organization
Overview
Chapter 1
WHY ?
Chapter 2
Bluetooth Qualification Review Board
Sets and maintains qualification policy
Qualification
Review
Board
(BQRB)
BTAB
Bluetooth Technical Advisory Board
Information exchange and forum for problems
related to testing and qualification
BQA
Bluetooth Qualification Administrator
Acts on behalf of BQRB
BQA@Bluetooth.com
WHO ?
Chapter 3
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
BQB
BQTF
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BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
Bluetooth Qualification Body
Checks declarations, review test reports
Bluetooth Qualification Test Facility
Accredited to perform category A
conformance tests
WHAT ?
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BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
SIG Test Specifications
Overview
Chapter 1
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
Conformance Testing
Interoperability Testing
(Testing versus Reference Systems)
(Product versus Product)
Radio Frequency
Part A-E: RF Conformance -Provisional
Part K2: SDAP Interoperability
Part A:
Part K3: Cordless Interoperability
RF Conformance
Protocols
Part B: BB Conformance
Part C: LM Conformance
Part D: L2CAP Conformance
HOW ?
Chapter 5
Application Profiles
Part K4: Intercom Interoperability
Part K6: Headset Interoperability
Part K7: Dial-up Networking Interoperability
Part K8: Fax Interoperability
Part E: SDP Conformance
Profiles
Part K1: GAP Conformance
Part K5: SPP Conformance
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BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
Part K13: Synchronization Profile Interoperability
SIG Test Case reference list
Overview
Chapter 1
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
Test Specifications
RSA-Be. |13-Dec-01 | 13
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
Test case categories
SIG Testing
Overview
Chapter 1
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
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Four test categories, A-D, are described in the Test Case
Reference List (TCRL) tables:

Category A: This test case is fully validated and commercially
available. This testcase is mandatory and shall be performed at a
BQTF.
 Category B : This test case shall be performed and a declaration
with evidence is required. The instructions given in the test
specification shall be followed.
 Category C: Bluetooth products can be tested using standard test
equipment by the manufacturer or BQTF. The test case shall be
performed
 Category D: A preliminary test case with no official qualification
value. The purpose of this status is to inform any
manufactorer about an upcoming test case.
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
HOW ?
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BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
HOW ?
Overview
Chapter 1
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
Process
RF Test

Equipment setup

Types of test
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
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Protocol

Black box

Control

Reference implementation

TTCN
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
HOW - Process
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BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
Qualification process
Overview
Chapter 1
ICS & IXIT
Test plan
Product
tested by
BQTF
DoC / Compliance
Folder reviewed
by BQB
Qualified
product list
(QPL)
BQA
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
Manufacturer
(Adopter)
BQB
BQTF
HOW ?
Chapter 5
performs cat. B test performs cat. A
test cases
declares cat. C test
conf. and interop.
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BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
Test Reports
checked by
BQB
List of BQTFs,BQBs,...
Test Specs, TCRL, ...
www.bluetooth.com/dev/qual.bodies.asp
Overview
Chapter 1
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
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BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
www.bluetooth.com/dev/qual.facil.asp
Overview
Chapter 1
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
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BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
HOW - RF Test setup
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BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
RF Test Purposes
Overview
Chapter 1
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
RSA-Be. |13-Dec-01 | 22
Transmitter

Output power
 Power density
 Power control
 TX output spectrum (3)
 Modulation characteristics
 Initial carrier frequency tolerance
 Carrier frequency drift
 Out of band spurious emissions
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
Receiver

Sensitivity - single slot packets
 Sensitivity - multi slot packets
 C/I performance
 Blocking performance
 Intermodulation performance
 Maximum input level
Example: Test Case Parameterisation
RX Tests:
Overview
Chapter 1
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
Co-channel rejection
Adjacent channel rejection
Intermodulation rejection
Blocking
IS
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
IS
HOW ?
Chapter 5
IS
IS
WS
IS
freq.
RSA-Be. |13-Dec-01 | 23
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
RF Test System
Overview
Chapter 1
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
RSA-Be. |13-Dec-01 | 24
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
RF Test System
Overview
Chapter 1
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
RSA-Be. |13-Dec-01 | 25
Qualification and Type
Approval

TS8960
– Fully compliant to Bluetooth
RF test specification
– Testmode signalling
– All 16 test cases
implemented
(test spec V0.9 as of Jan 01)
– Variation of parameters /
creation of own test cases
possible
– Acceptance of validation:
Beginning of 2001
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
RF Test Purposes
Overview
Chapter 1
TP naming conventions:
WHY ?
Chapter 2
<func> Function
TP/<func>/<xx>-<nn>-<y>
TRM Transmitter test
TRC Transceiver test
RCV Receiver test
WHO ?
Chapter 3
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
<xx> Type of testing CA Capability
BV Valid Behavior
BI Invalid Behavior
HOW ?
Chapter 5
<nn> sequencial #
Test Purpose Number
<y> Scope
RSA-Be. |13-Dec-01 | 26
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
C Conformance test, performend
on dedicated Bluetooth Test System
E Early product test, performed
on standard equipment
I Interoperability testing performend
as product to product testing
Transmitter Test Purposes
Overview
Chapter 1

– Verification if the emissions inside the operating frequency range are
within the limits
– @ normal & extreme test conditions
– EUT in test mode loop back, hopping off
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3

TRM/CA/05/C TX Output Spectrum - 20 dB Bandwidth
– Verification if the emissions inside the operating frequency range are
within the limits
– @ 3 frequencies @ normal & extreme test conditions
– EUT in test mode loop back, hopping off
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
TRM/CA/04/C TX Output Spectrum - Frequency Range

TRM/CA/06/C TX Output Spectrum - Adjacent channel power
– Verification if the emissions inside the operating frequency range are
within the limits
– @ all channels for 3 frequencies @ n&e test conditions
– EUT in test mode loop back, hopping off
RSA-Be. |13-Dec-01 | 27
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
Transmitter Test Purposes
Overview
Chapter 1

– Verification of the maximum peak and average RF output power
– 3 frequencies @ normal & extreme test conditions
– EUT in test mode loop back, hopping on
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3

TRM/CA/02/C Power density
– Verification of the maximum power density
– @ normal & extreme test conditions
– EUT in test mode loop back, hopping on
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
TRM/CA/01/C Output power

TRM/CA/03/C Power control
– Verification ot the TX power control (if supported)
– Initial condition and test procedure like Output power
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BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
Transmitter Testpurposes
Overview
Chapter 1

– Verification of the modulation index
– @ normal & extreme test conditions
– EUT in test mode loop back, hopping off
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3

TRM/CA/08/C Initial Carrier Frequency Tolerance
– Verification of the transmitter carrier frequency accuracy
– @ 3 frequencies @ all frequencies @ normal & extreme test conditions
– EUT in test mode loop back, hopping on / off
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
TRM/CA/07/C Modulation Characteristics

TRM/CA/09/C Carrier Frequency Drift
– Verification of the transmitter centre frequency drift within a packet
– @ 3 frequencies @ all frequencies @ normal & extreme test conditions
– EUT in test mode loop back, hopping on / off
RSA-Be. |13-Dec-01 | 29
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
Transceiver Test Purposes
Overview
Chapter 1
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5

TRC/CA/01/C Out-of-Band Spurious Emissions
– Verification if the emissions outside the operating frequency range are
within the limits
– ETS 300 328
– Conducted from antenna port - 30 MHz to 12,75 GHz
– Radiated from cabinet - 30 MHz to 12,75 GHz (signal.
via cable)
– Radiated from EUT - 30 MHz to 12,75 GHz (signal. via
airlink)
– FCC Part15.247
– Conducted from antenna port - 30 MHz to 25 GHz
– Radiated from EUT - 30 MHz to 25 GHz
– Conducted measurements @ normal & extreme test conditions
– Radiated measurements @ normal test conditions
– EUT in test mode loop back, hopping off
RSA-Be. |13-Dec-01 | 30
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
Receiver Test Purposes
Overview
Chapter 1

– The sensitivity is tested using a non-ideal transmitter. The EUT must
meet the required sensitivity for this non ideal signal
– @ 3 frequencies @ normal & extreme test conditions
– EUT in test mode loop back, hopping off
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3


RSA-Be. |13-Dec-01 | 31
RCV/CA/02/C Sensitivity - multi slot packet
– Like RCV/CA/01/C
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
RCV/CA/01/C Sensitivity - single slot packets
RCV/CA/03/C C/I performance
– Verification of the receivers performance in presence co-/adjacent
channel interference
– wanted signal @ 3 frequencies / interfering signals @ all frequencies @
normal test conditions
– EUT in test mode loop back, hopping off
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
Receiver Test Purposes
Overview
Chapter 1

– Verification of the receivers performance in presence of interference
– Wanted signal @ 1 frequency / interfering signal @ 30 MHz to 12,75
GHz
– EUT in test mode loop back, hopping off
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
RCV/CA/04/C Blocking performance

RCV/CA/05/C Intermodulation performance
– Verification of the receivers intermodulation characteristics
– Wanted signal @ 3 frequencies - 2 interfering signals @ normal test
conditions
– EUT in test mode loop back, hopping off
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5

RCV/CA/06/C Maximum input level
– Verification of the receivers performance
– @ 3 frequencies @ normal test conditions
– EUT in test mode loop back, hopping off
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BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
HOW - Protocol Test
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BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
Protocol Test Requirements
Overview
Chapter 1
Tester Requirements
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
Test Methods
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
Reference Tests
RSA-Be. |13-Dec-01 | 34
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
Protocol Tester Concept
Overview
Chapter 1
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
 All
layers in software
(no baseband chips)
 Availability
of all interlayer
communications via SAP – Service
Access Points
HOW ?
Chapter 5
 Simulation
of master and slave
modes
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BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
Basic Layer Testing
Overview
Chapter 1
Local test method
RS232 / UART / USB / TCP/IP
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
PTW60
Upper Interface
System
Under Test
ETS
LC / LM / L2CAP
L2CAP PDUs
SAP LM
HOW ?
Chapter 5
L2CAP-LM
L2CAP
LM
LM PDUs
SAPs
L2CAP
SAP L2CAP-LC
SAP LM-LC
LC PDUs
LC
SAP LC-PH
RF
RF
RSA-Be. |13-Dec-01 | 36
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
Profile Testing
Overview
Chapter 1
Remote test method
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
System
Under Test
PTW60
ETS
SDP PDUs
RFCOMM PDUs
GAP / SPP / SDP
L2CAP PDUs
LM PDUs
SAP
L2CAP-LM
SAP
LM
LM
SAPs
L2CAP
L2CAP
SAP L2CAP-LC
SAP LM-LC
LC
LC PDUs
SAP LC-PH
RF
RF
RSA-Be. |13-Dec-01 | 37
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
Point of Control and Observation (PCO)!
Overview
Chapter 1
X
SDP
RFComm
SDP - L2CAP
WHY ?
Chapter 2
RFComm L2CAP
X - L2CAP
WHO ?
Chapter 3
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
SAP
SAP
SAP
LM
SAP
L2CAP - LM
L2CAP - SAR
LM - LC
L2CAP
SAP
SAP
SAP
L2CAP - LC
LC
LC - PL
LM
TCI
Controller
TCI - HCI
SAP
TCI - L2CAP
PL / RF
RSA-Be. |13-Dec-01 | 38
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
TTCN Example
Overview
Chapter 1
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
RSA-Be. |13-Dec-01 | 39
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
TTCN Test Suite - Test Case
Overview
Chapter 1
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
RSA-Be. |13-Dec-01 | 40

Abstract Test Case (ATC)
A complete and independent specification of the action required to achieve a
specific test purpose
– starting in a stable state
– ending in a stable state

Abstract Test Suite (ATS)
A test suite composed of ATCs
 Executable Test Case (ETC)
A realization of a ATC
 Executable Test Suite (ETS)
A set composed of ETCs
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
TTCN...
Overview
Chapter 1
Semantic check
WHY ?
Chapter 2
ATS
(TTCN.gr / TTCN.mp)
Syntax check
WHO ?
Chapter 3
.c .h make
.o
ETS
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
ATC
TTCN Compiler
System specific part
LT interface
TTCN Editor
RSA-Be. |13-Dec-01 | 41
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
C Compiler
Simulator Library
Protocol Library
ETC
TTCN Trace
Overview
Chapter 1
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
RSA-Be. |13-Dec-01 | 42
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
Sample – PTW60
Overview
Chapter 1
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
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BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
The goal of all this ?
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BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
qualweb.opengroup.org/Template.cfm
Overview
Chapter 1
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
RSA-Be. |13-Dec-01 | 45
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING
Bio
Overview
Chapter 1
WHY ?
Chapter 2
WHO ?
Chapter 3
Karsten Beckmann is the manager of test & measurement systems for
Rhode & Schwarz and operates from Tektronix in Beaverton, Oregon.
Beckmann holds an EE from the Technical University in Munich, Germany.
Rohde & Schwarz’ test and measurement products are marketed and
supported in North America by Tektronix under a strategic alliance formed
in 1993.
WHAT ?
Chapter 4
HOW ?
Chapter 5
RSA-Be. |13-Dec-01 | 46
BLUETOOTH COMPLIANCE TESTING