To: Áron Boros, Commissioner Division of Health Care Finance & Policy From: Michael Weekes, President/CEO Providers’ Council CC: Catherine Mick, Chief Administrative Officer Executive Office of Health and Human Services Re: Testimony on 114.4 CMR 13.00 – Payments for Youth Intermediate-Term Stabilization Services Date: February 21, 2012 Commissioner Boros and members of the Division of Health Care Finance and Policy, thank you for this opportunity to submit testimony on 114.4 CMR 13.00, Payments for Youth Intermediate-Term Stabilization Services. The Providers' Council is a statewide association of home- and community-based caregivers that contract with state purchasing agencies to deliver a wide array of human and social services. On behalf of the Providers’ Council, thank you for your work on the development of these rates as proposed in the amendment to 114.4 CMR 13.00. We particularly appreciate the transparency of the Division of Health Care Finance & Policy’s methodology, as presented in its written documents, oral presentations and supporting documentation, as this will support the development of an improved system of care for this population. That said, it is incumbent upon us to share our primary concern: the proposed rates are inadequate and fail to remedy what has become a chronic situation of underfunded programs designed to serve some of the Commonwealth’s most vulnerable residents. It is imperative that the quality system we envision is not only designed correctly, but also is implemented effectively with adequate rates. To do less would thwart the intent of this major system redesign. Historical Context Concerns about underfunding with inadequate rates are hardly new. In 2007, the Executive Office of Health and Human Services (EOHHS) commissioned a report on the Financial Health of Providers in the Massachusetts Human Services System that “confirmed that, in many areas, the financial health of human service providers in the Commonwealth is suffering, and Commonwealth policies have some association with financial health outcomes. The sample of approximately 615 providers at the core of this analysis shows subpar and at times precarious results on three important aspects of financial health: profitability, solvency, and liquidity. The majority of providers in the sample report deficits on Commonwealth activities each year, and even more, about 60%, show cumulative deficits on their Commonwealth activities since 1993.” Providers’ Council Testimony on 114.4 CMR 13.00 February 21, 2012 The report acknowledges that staff salaries and fringe benefits do not appear to keep pace with increases in the overall cost of living, and that the relatively low wages that provider organizations are able to offer employees limit the level of experience and qualification for many direct care workers, while also contributing to rapid staff turnover and increased replacement costs. Our entire provider community has made improving our workers’ compensation and benefits a central theme of our agenda. Further, the report notes the precarious financial conditions in which providers are working: Fifty-six percent of providers report deficits on Commonwealth activities each year About 60 percent of providers have cumulative deficits on their Commonwealth activities since 1993 Almost half of providers do not generate sufficient cash to pay for operations One-third of providers have over 45 days of unpaid receivables This report was a catalyst for legislative action and the passage of Chapter 257 of the Acts of 2008, which amends Section 2A of chapter 118G such that the rates for social service programs are required to be “reasonable and adequate to meet the costs which are incurred by efficiently and economically operated social service program providers in providing social service programs in conformity with federal and state law, regulations, and quality and safety standards.” Chapter 257 is a legal mandate for the Commonwealth to reimburse providers at rates that are adequate and implemented correctly, reflecting true market costs and enabling the purchasing agencies and their provider partners to construct a high quality community-based system of care. What follows is a more detailed discussion of our concerns with the proposed amendment. Acuity Most provider organizations agree that the acuity of clients using residential services has risen steadily over the past decade. This is not surprising given the shared vision of developing a community-based system of care; state agencies, providers, clients and families all appreciate services delivered in the least restrictive settings. Clients that used to be hospitalized in institutions are now being served in the more intensive levels of community residential care such as IRTPs, while clients that used to be served in these more intensive levels are now being served in community-based Group Homes. Some clients that were previously deemed eligible and appropriate for Group Home models are now being served in less intensive settings in the community. While we applaud treating clients at less restrictive levels of care than they previously received, there must be a recognition that more appropriate resources are required as each level of care is asked to take on more challenging clients. Providers describe several differences in the clinical presentation for children entering Group Homes. They are now seeing many youth with lower cognitive functioning, as well as youth on the Autism 2 Providers’ Council Testimony on 114.4 CMR 13.00 February 21, 2012 Spectrum. Additionally, they are seeing an increase in medically involved youth who have medical conditions such as diabetes, fragile bones, eating disorders, digestive difficulties, sleep disorders and occasionally require the use of brain stents. These youth require extremely close monitoring and attention and have multiple hospital and doctors’ visits, often needing specialized visits to Boston which requires an entire day of staff time and attention. At the same time many or most of the youth in Group Homes are also taking one or more psychotropic medications. The need for the clinician, the child, the family, the direct care and medical staff to work closely with the Child Psychiatrist is critical for treatment success. Medication monitoring, closely watching for side effects or improvements, and ensuring the Group Home has enough access to a highly experienced Child Psychiatrist are tasks that require strong management and coordination within the Group Homes. Our providers also report a steady increase in the number of youth requiring 1 to 1 attention, and the need for very specialized treatment. For example, a youth on the Autism Spectrum may have a great deal of difficulty forming relationships with staff and other residents. It may be particularly difficult for them to have a roommate or to tolerate the thought of someone touching their belongings or expecting them to hold a conversation or participate in a psychoeducational group. These children require much more 1 to 1 time, quiet, predictable interactions and structure that is highly consistent. If at the same time the Group Home has a cognitively delayed child that does not respond to talk therapy, has poor boundaries, is highly aggressive and loud, and requires physical interventions, it may cause havoc to the child on the Autism Spectrum, which again will require much more 1 to 1 time and creative interventions. Sufficient staffing is essential in residential care. In a 12-bed Group Home with four staff on a shift, if one child needs physical restraint, at least two staff are required to assist with the intervention, leaving only two other staff members to deal with eleven remaining children. Some of these children will be frightened by the other child’s restraint, some of whom will need 1 to 1 attention, and some of whom will be disappointed because their planned activity is delayed because the remaining staff cannot leave the building if a restraint is going on. The residential programs also continue to have high functioning youth who may range from conduct disordered and aggressive, to highly motivated and preparing for the next step to foster care or independent living or return to a kinship/family member. These youth need very different approaches including Dialectal Behavioral Treatment, cognitive behavioral therapy, community service projects, high level recreational opportunities and employment experience. The range of service needs and clinical presentations in most Group Homes is clearly vast and sometimes overwhelming. The hard work and clinical expertise needed to operate a successful Group Home will require many more resources in order to continue to effectively address these clinical needs. 3 Providers’ Council Testimony on 114.4 CMR 13.00 February 21, 2012 An important dynamic impacting virtually all residential providers has been the decline in the numbers of youth in the residential systems has decreased the number of treatment milieus. It becomes a matter of economic survival for Group Homes to take a wider range of youth in ages, clinical diagnoses, and levels of aggression as the options are limited. Thus, clinical and direct care staff in the residential setting must be highly skilled in dealing with latency children, older adolescents, aggressive children, withdrawn traumatized children, high functioning children, severely cognitively delayed children, children with family involvement, and children with no viable family, all under the same roof, with the same staff at the same time. Additionally, clinical staff members are being challenged to do more effective family work. It is an appropriate objective for this population. Clients on a clinician’s caseload, however, include high functioning motivated parents, low functioning parents involved in Care and Protection petitions, parents with histories of substance abuse, and parents who are eager for the return of their child, but are highly overwhelmed by their child’s behaviors and clinical needs. This requires a well trained and consistent staff. The family work must be flexible, creative, in the parents’ home where appropriate, and be provided when the family is available to effectively participate in treatment. The clinicians require a great deal of support, supervision, and teamwork to address multiple complex needs from such complex clinical cases. Finding and retaining strong, experienced clinical staff able and willing to work in the complex and sometimes high-risk circumstances that Group Homes face on a daily basis are challenges to be recognized and addressed by the overall system in this procurement process. Utilization As noted above, residential service providers have experienced a significant decline in utilization of services in the past several years, creating financial pressures to accept referrals that stretch their program models. The Children’s League of Massachusetts, the Association of Behavioral Healthcare and the Providers’ Council conducted a brief survey of its residential providers regarding actual billing for state contracts in FY’10 and FY’11. The results, presented in the table below, show that actual utilization for the past two fiscal years was roughly 70 percent. Type of Program Group Home 1:3 Group Home 1:4 STARR** Total Capacity (Number of Beds) in state FY2010 120 111 70 Utilization % FY2010 63.07% 72.57% 77.66% Total Capacity (Number of Beds) in state FY2011 108 99 70 Table 1: Actual Utilization in youth residential programs for FY ’10 and FY ’11. 4 Utilization % FY2011 68.05% 69.36% 79.86% Providers’ Council Testimony on 114.4 CMR 13.00 February 21, 2012 Recommendations: With actual utilization at these levels, we would urge the Division to reconsider its methodology for developing class rates. The approach for setting rates for Group Home and STARR programs would be to adopt the scaled utilization factor methodology that DHCFP used in setting the proposed Adjudicated Youth Residential Treatment base rates, with utilization factors ranging from 50 percent to 90 percent by increments of 5 percent. This approach creates a payment mechanism whereby providers are reimbursed for their sunk costs regardless of the number of beds filled. We would like to see the Division use this same methodology across all service types. ** Note: Because STARR is currently a cost reimbursement model, there has been a strong incentive for the Commonwealth to fill these beds. Even with this, the STARR program utilization has not met the 90% standard in the proposed rates. Program Models/Benchmark FTEs We greatly appreciate the presentation of model budgets which allow for an open assessment of program design. Generally speaking, DHCFP and the purchasing agencies have portrayed respectable staffing patterns across the different residential and community-based service types. We do, however, have a few concerns: Direct care staff - The numbers of FTE allocated for GH Intensive 1:3 and for GH 1:4 are very tight. In the case of the 12-bed GH 1:3, to have four staff per each primary shift and only two staff per overnight shift requires 10 staff shifts per day, or 70 staff shifts per week. 15 FTE working five days/week generate 75 staff shifts per week. In the meantime, the trend in youth programming is toward greater community integration, which has resulted in greater demand for residential staff to accompany kids off site. The need to transport youth is especially demanding in STARR programs when transportation to the child’s home public school has not yet been arranged. This averages five to 10 days of transportation by program staff, generally to multiple different public schools. At the same time, many youth are unable to attend school or alternative day programming for extended periods of time, putting additional pressure on staff ratios. This issue is particularly acute in the summer months. Nursing - The assumption that a .25 FTE Nurse is adequate to care for 12 youths in a group home (48:1 ratio) is puzzling, particularly given the rise in medically complex cases, coupled with the fact that virtually all kids in residential are taking one or more psychotropic medications. While we might expect much of the responsibility for psychotropic medication administration will eventually be transferred to direct care staff with the implementation of new MAP requirements, the registered nurse will still be in charge of the training, supervising and monitoring of the medication component of the program. Teachers - Teachers have been an integral component of many STARR programs; the absence of this position in the model budget is a step backwards. Not many kids entering a STARR program have their educational situation functioning smoothly. The teacher can conduct diagnostic 5 Providers’ Council Testimony on 114.4 CMR 13.00 February 21, 2012 screenings and begin the child working on age and grade appropriate educational materials. The STARR Teacher obtains school work from the child’s school and provides direct instruction on the same curriculum the child was working on, in order to prevent further loss of credits. This also helps the child transition back to school with less pressure and fear of ongoing failure because they did not fall further behind their school peers. Support Staff - This is low for some of the program types. At .25 FTE for Group Home 1:2 and 1:4 and at .50 FTE for STARR, the proposed level of administrative support is insufficient to fulfill all reporting requirements including CANS, input into the Virtual Gateway, and additional anticipated reporting requirements in the RFR. Additionally, a number of providers have Program Support positions (UFR code 138), and we hope an add-on rate can be set for this category at an appropriate salary. Recommendations: Allocate 16 FTE direct care staff for both GH 1:3 and GH 1:4. Based on the previous discussion about acuity, referrals to either level have been similar and have become more acute. Staffing at these levels will significantly improve the programs’ ability to meet performance specifications. Allocate at least .5 FTE Nurse for the GH 1:3 and the GH 1:4 programs. Allocate 1 FTE teacher’s position for STARR at a salary of $44,500 which is consistent with DYS pay for a certified teacher. Double the allocation of Support Staff to .5 FTE for GH 1:3 and 1:4, and to 1.0 FTE for STARR. We also ask that an add-on rate be created for providers who have Program Support positions that are not accounted for elsewhere. Program Models/Benchmark Salaries The growing personnel crisis confronting the human services provider community has been well documented over the past decade. In its 2006 report, Help Wanted: The Future of the Human Services Workforce in Massachusetts, the Donahue Institute at the University of Massachusetts concluded that as employers, providers “can expect to find it increasingly difficult to find workers willing to provide essential services to vulnerable populations in a highly demanding work environment for relatively low wages. They can also expect increasing competition for both skilled and unskilled workers from healthcare and other service sectors that are also expected to grow but which presently provide their employees with comparatively higher wages, training and support.” The wage gap between human service workers and those in similar positions in the healthcare industry has been found to average over 15 percent. As we reviewed the benchmark salaries with our providers, a number of issues were identified. First and foremost was the concern that 2009 UFR data codifies the low payments that result from budgets set six to seven years ago that have not seen increases during the ensuing years. Providers are hard pressed to recruit and retain qualified staff with such low salaries. 6 Providers’ Council Testimony on 114.4 CMR 13.00 February 21, 2012 Specific concerns include: 7 The cost of Psychiatrist, whether salaried or on a consultancy basis, is approximately $200,000 annually in most regions. This level is recognized for the IRTP and CIRT budgets, but not for Group Homes, STARR, or the Continuum. The figure should be at the same $200,000-level for all groups. The Bureau of Labor Statistics puts the average annual salary for Psychiatrists at $184,000 in 2010, but this does not recognize the higher cost for a child-certified Psychiatrist. The budgeted salary for an LICSW is $49,100 for IRTP and CIRT, but only $42,200 for STARR and $46,600 for all others. Even at the $49,100 level competition for LICSWs is extremely difficult as the vast majority of clinicians, licensed or not, prefer to work in the community, not residential settings. At the same time, the implementation of the Children’s Behavioral Health Initiative (CBHI) has created a dramatic need for clinical positions. Indeed.com, a search engine for job listings, has 150 postings for licensed clinical positions with salary ranges from $57,000 $63,000. Further, while a typical clinician works 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., five days a week, clinicians in DCF/DMH residential settings are expected to work evenings and weekends. Finally, in many instance the same LICSW spends time in different programs. Variability in salary depending upon program type for the same function is not supported and should be changed. Our providers report that a salary of $42,189 is inadequate for a Masters level Clinical Care Manager. At this salary, recruitment and retention of Master’s level clinicians will be extremely difficult as 1) the vast majority of clinicians, licensed or not, prefer to work in the community, not residential settings; and 2) the implementation of the Children’s Behavioral Health Initiative (CBHI) has created a dramatic need for clinical positions. It is projected that CBHI has resulted in about 250 new clinical positions. Further while a typical clinician works 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., five days a week, clinicians in DCF/DMH residential settings are expected to work evenings and weekends. Our providers report that a salary of $36,500 is inadequate for a Case Worker Manager. At this salary, recruitment and retention of case managers will be extremely difficult as outlined in the previous point. Further, as they are providing services to a broader cultural/linguistic population, it will make it difficult to recruit scarce employees who have similar capabilities without adequate salaries. Salaries for Direct Care range from a high of $35,000 for the Continuum to $28,500 for GH. STARR is pegged at $29,200 while IRTP and CIRT at $30,400 respectively. We suspect that the direct care benchmark was derived from a weighted average of supervisors, DC I and DC II. The figure, which appears reasonable for the lower levels, is inadequate if we are to recruit and retain supervisory level DC staff. Provider salaries for direct care have been woefully inadequate, resulting in difficulty in recruitment and retention of qualified staff who are the front-line workers providing care to DCF and DMH children, youth and families. Supervisory and direct care staff turnover, due to non-competitive salaries, remains a significant issue. Providers’ Council Testimony on 114.4 CMR 13.00 February 21, 2012 The budgeted annual salary for Occupational Therapists is pegged at $61,700, but most providers pay by the hour ($75/hr). At 20 hours/week, the cost to the provider is in excess of $75,000 which far outstrips the budgeted $30,900, even with the application of fringe benefits. DMH and DCF clients need OTs with specialized skills. In a competitive field, this is a seller’s market. Recommendations we support with an annual cost of inflation adjustment added: The Division using the $200,000 level for Psychiatrist across program types. Salaries for LICSWs being set at $60,000 in order to recruit and retain qualified clinicians. Salaries for MA-level Clinical Care Managers being set at $50,000. Salaries for Case Worker Managers being set at $45,000. An average salary of $35,500 being set for supervisory level staff and $32,000 being set for direct care staff, which will allow a reasonable separation in salaries between supervisory staff and the direct care workers they supervise. The Division recognizing the true cost of OT services and budget it as a contract position (without fringe) at $75/hour. The Division considering adjustments for scarce cultural/linguistic capabilities and regional adjustment factors across all salaries for all position and that salaries are funded with annual adjustments included. Non-Personnel Expenses (Relief, Occupancy, Travel, Tax & Fringe) 8 Relief - In addition to vacations, holidays and sick time, the relief line in the budget is the catchall category that covers staff overtime costs, staff turnover, and additional demands. We note that DYS used a more reasonable formula resulting in a 19.6 percent per FTE relief allowance. The 15 percent per FTE formula used by the Division fails to address coverage needed for summer programming, as well as the increasing instances where kids do not attend school/day programs and thus require on site coverage. It is unclear why DCF and DMH receive less vacation, sick/personal, holiday and training time than DYS. Additionally, we believe an additional 1.4 percent per FTE relief allowance should be added in to account for expanded requirements associated with MAP. Finally the training piece is too low: providers report needing to spend closer to 10 days/year on staff training given the greater acuity of the populations served, which is double the allocated five days/year. Medication Administration Program (MAP) - With the recently announced requirements that child/adolescent providers will be required to implement the MAP program, we can anticipate significant additions to the time allocated for staff training. We assume that the program for children/adolescents will mirror the structure the existing MAP for adults in the DMH system which requires a curriculum of at least 16 hours, to be taught by a licensed Nurse. We expect Providers’ Council Testimony on 114.4 CMR 13.00 February 21, 2012 conservatively that at least another three to four days per year per FTE of training will need to be added to get staff prepared for, and able to actually sit for, the MAP examination. While we expect that the addition of MAP-certified direct care staff will, in the long run, reduce the responsibility of the program Nurse in terms of direct medication administration, he/she will have additional training and supervisory responsibilities. Tax & Fringe - For some reason there is a fluctuation between models: the tax & fringe rate for IRTP is set at 26 percent, while it is fixed at 23.42 percent for all other models. (At the same time we note that DHCFP proposed 28.29 percent for tax & fringe for 114 CMR 18.00 to cover health insurance and other fringe benefits for DYS Youth Short-Term Stabilization and Emergency Placement Services published on November 11, 2011). Health insurance consumes almost every dollar of the fringe allocation, putting providers at a competitive disadvantage in attracting employees. It must be noted that the cost to providers for health insurance is based upon the number of FTEs, not the total payroll. The calculation of fringe benefits as a percentage of payroll dollars understates the true costs. This methodology in effect creates a lower per FTE weighted average which is compounded by the greater amount of employees or FTEs in lower paid positions taking health insurance. Travel - As programming is increasingly geared toward supporting greater community integration, staff travel increases. One has only to look at the price of gas to know that travel costs have increased. The IRS currently allows reimbursement for mileage expenses at 55 cents/mile, an increase of over 37% since 2006. In addition, distances needing to be traveled vary considerably by region and Chapter 257 calls for these regional allowances to be considered when setting rates. Programs in the western part of the state have greater geographical areas to cover providing services to clients. Mass transportation options are sparse and infrequent. Occupancy - As utilization of residential beds decreases, the youth being sent to residential programs present with more dangerous behaviors. To serve them effectively and safely, many providers have constructed new facilities or upgraded existing ones. The proposed occupancy rates do not recognized amortized capital costs as part of the operating costs for these improved facilities. Another issue lies in the fact that the 12-bed model is not always indicated or is not preferred, as the industry moves toward smaller, more home-like units in community-based settings. Locating a 12-bed program at two or three different physical sites means the provider enjoys less economy of scale. The current rates, based upon historic UFR data, do not appear to anticipate this trend. Finally we know that there are significant differences in the cost of real estate when we compare prices inside Route 128 as compared to west of it. Taking an average of all group home occupancy costs from 9 Providers’ Council Testimony on 114.4 CMR 13.00 February 21, 2012 around the state penalizes programs in “high rent areas” and rewards programs in “low rent areas.” Chapter 257 requires that the Commonwealth consider costs differences based on geography and as such, the proposed rates must include an adjustment for regional differences. Recommendations that we support include: The Division using a 21 percent per FTE relief allowance. Originally, we had requested a 19.6 percent per FTE relief allowance seen in the DYS programs, and with the expanded requirements associated with MAP, we would request another 1.4 percent per FTE allowance. This formula will better support existing training and coverage needs. The Division setting the tax & fringe rate at 28.29 percent (same as that proposed by DHCFP in rates for 114 CMR 18.00, to cover health insurance and other fringe benefits for DYS Youth Short-Term Stabilization and Emergency Placement Services published on November 11, 2011). We also recommend changing the methodology so that computing fringe is tied to the number of FTEs in the contract rather than to total payroll. The Division increasing the travel expense line to reflect inflation. The Division creating an adjustment/add on factor that recognizes new construction. Finally, we are recommending the Division create an adjustment factor that recognizes regional differences for travel and occupancy. Cost Adjustment Factor DHCFP chose the most optimistic of assumptions for inflation trends. Using the same trending methodology that resulted in the optimistic 5.39 percent CAF, we found that the baseline trend would yield a 6.53 percent CAF, while the pessimistic trend would yield a 7.24 percent CAF. Recommendation: Use the baseline trend resulting in a 6.53 percent CAF across program types. Continuum Model The Continuum is a new model which was introduced at a June 3, 2011 Provider Information and Dialogue Session. While the presentation provided a high level overview of the model, specific details as to standards and program expectations was not made available which makes it difficult to determine if the resources supporting the proposed rates are sufficient to deliver the service. At this point in time the proposed new Continuum Program is only defined as “an integrated and intensive array of services”…that “includes an option for residential treatment in addition to community-based care.” The proposed amendment goes on to state that the purchasing agencies will 10 Providers’ Council Testimony on 114.4 CMR 13.00 February 21, 2012 determine the per diem rate for a Continuum program and describes the formulaic basis for such determinations. We wholeheartedly endorse the concept of an integrated and intensive array of services being provided in a flexible manner to support the unique and changing needs of children and families. The provider community has been willing and proud collaborators with the purchasing agencies over the past four decades in developing a strong and responsive community-based system of care. We look forward to working together to continuously improve the purchase-of-service system moving forward. That said, we have a number of concerns, absent more complete program specifications, about how this Continuum model will be operated and financed. The concerns we have expressed above regarding staffing ratios, benchmark salaries, tax and fringe, and the relief formula are also relevant for the Continuum model. With the blended rate concept, it appears that the Continuum model may ask a provider to function, conceptually, as a managed care organization. Several questions with financial implications arise: Will a Continuum provider have to directly provide all 6 services included in the sample blended rates? Or can they sub-contract to/partner with other providers? How will blended rates be set? When will they be set? For what time period will these rates be in place? How will they be adjusted? Who will have case management authority to move clients from one level within the continuum to another? Will providers have the ability to refuse referrals they deem inappropriate for the program? Said slightly differently: how will the insurance risk, defined as the cost of care associated with the client over time, irrespective of services utilized, be managed? We understand that there is no single rate or set of rates being proposed for this new service. Instead the Division is advancing a formulaic approach for developing unique rates based upon case mix. Without answers to the questions above, it is not possible to fully evaluate the adequacy of the proposed rate development formula at this time. That being said, we do want to make a few recommendations based on our conjectures: a. Benchmark salaries for Community Warp, GH1 Skinny, and GH2 Skinny: Management (UFR Codes 101, 102 and 103) – Same recommendation as made for Group Home and STARR. Social Worker LICSW (UFR Code 108) – Same recommendation as made for Group Home and STARR Clinical Care Manager (MA) (UFR Code 131) – Same recommendation as made for Group Home and STARR 11 Providers’ Council Testimony on 114.4 CMR 13.00 February 21, 2012 Direct Care Staff (UFR Codes 133, 134, 135 and 136) – For GH1 Skinny and GH2 Skinny - Same recommendation as made for Group Home and STARR. b. Relief Assumptions: Same recommendation as made for Group Home and STARR. c. Fringe and Taxes rate of 23.42 percent. Same recommendation as made for Group Home and STARR. d. Staffing/Ratios/Positions: We strongly recommend not reducing the Direct Care Staff from the FTEs proposed for Group Home Intensive 1:3 and Group Home 1:4. The sample blended rate shows 12 youth in a Group Home placement. The same staffing pattern is needed, for example, for 10 youth as for 12 youth. Further, we previously described the significant change in the treatment challenges presented by youth referred to Group Homes. Our recommendation for direct care staff is the same we made for Group Home and STARRs: that is, 16.8 for GH1 Skinny and GH2 Skinny. Conclusion We realize in this major system transformation that there may be issues that are overlooked or confusing. Our intent in this testimony is provide you a more detailed analysis to help minimize harm to our clients and to the provider network, while building the system the Commonwealth’s residents deserve. We are convinced that all of the essential stakeholders are driven toward developing the best system for meeting our objectives. It is from that perspective that we respectfully urge your consideration of our recommendations and reexamine these rates before adopting your proposal for Payments for Youth Intermediate-Term Stabilization Services. We feel the issues raised by our testimony and by other associations and community provider organizations must be successfully resolved. In the interim, we urge you to prepare revised rates that incorporate the directives of Chapter 257 to provide proper funding for programs that is reasonable and adequate. There is also a need to provide proper funding to ensure programs meet safety and quality standards, and we would like to see this explicitly factored into the proposed rate. We also support the testimony provided to you by our partners, the Association of Behavioral Healthcare and the Children’s League of Massachusetts. We share many of these organizations thoughtful questions and concerns. We thank you for your time, and we appreciate your thoughtful consideration of our testimony. 12