CHAPTER 4
Week 1
Homework for the Week
• Monday 9/30
• Chpt 4 135- 139 *1st Paragraph
• Tuesday
• Chpt 4 139- 144
• *Earthquake Drill Special Schedule
• Block Day *Modified Block Schedule
• Chpt 4 145- 149
• *Reminder: Friday is the last day to complete the test if a student
had an excused absence
• Study Vocab
• Friday
• Chpt 4 150- 153
Agenda: Monday 9/30
• Additional HW Assignment
• Addiction Simulation Discussion
• Introduce Chapter 4
• Monday 9/30
• Chpt 4 135- 139 *1st Paragraph
• Talk to your parents 
• Tuesday
• Chpt 4 139- 144
• *Earthquake Drill Special Schedule
• Block Day *Modified Block
Schedule
• Chpt 4 145- 149
• *Reminder: Friday is the last day to
complete the test if a student had
an excused absence
• Study Vocab
• Friday
• Chpt 4 150- 153
Additional Homework Assignment
• Talk to your parents
tonight about how you
were as a baby.
• What was your
temperament? Has it
changed over time?
• Were you an “easy”
baby, spirited, inhibited,
emotionally intense, etc?
Addiction Simulation Discussion
• `Describe your experience with the addiction simulation
• What challenges did you face?
• What realizations did you have?
• Did you get “caught”?
• Was it a struggle to lie to your peers and adults in your life?
• What would you do if you knew that a loved one was a casual drug
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user?
What would you do if you knew that a loved one had a drug problem?
What should parents do to help their kids who may be struggling with
drug and/or alcohol use?
What should parents do if their child is struggling with drugs and/or
alcohol yet their child is now over the age of 18?
Should parents let their kids go to parties in high school to allow them
to get exposed to drugs and/or alcohol in a more controlled
environment before they go to college? Why or why not?
Should parents allow their kids to drink at home in a supervised
manner before they go to college? Why or why not?
Turn in your Addiction Simulation
Assignment
• Staple your work together in the following order:
1. Top page: grading rubric from the assignment sheet
2. 1-2 page write-up
3. Journal
Agenda: Tuesday
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New Seats
Chapter 4 Overview
Homework Review
Genetic Traits
Twinning
Temperament
• Monday 9/30
• Chpt 4 135- 139 *1st Paragraph
• Talk to your parents 
• Tuesday
• Chpt 4 139- 144
• *Earthquake Drill Special Schedule
• Block Day *Modified Block
Schedule
• Chpt 4 145- 149
• *Reminder: Friday is the last day to
complete the test if a student had
an excused absence
• Study Vocab
• Friday
• Chpt 4 150- 153
LCD Screen
Closet
Leah Kidd
Marissa
Freitas
Melissa Reed
Kaye Yap
Mia Gvirtsman
Rishma
Mandhekar
Megan
Robinson
Miki
Kobayashi
Sam Marks
Maddy Cook
Glenda
Chavez
Daniel Welch
Jenny Carmel
White Board
Table
Windows
Micaela
Brossard
Alvin Lu
Neha
Cheemalavag
u
Rachel
Karngbaye
Blake Jarrell
Natasha
Kothari
Rachel Ward
Nikki Kapany
Varsha Suresh
Kumar
Madison
Fiorentino
Shailee
Vishnubhatt
Alec Flowers
Corrina
Yanagawa
Adriana
Hardwicke
Ashley Avery
Alysia Wang
Justine
Fanget
White Board
David Tran
Bookshelf
Daniel Burns
Computer
Desk
LCD Screen
Eric Theil
Closet
Alesandra Rau
Adam Call
Allie Dong
Oren Merry
Lauren Burns
Maggie
Costales
Margaux Roth
JP Sorensen
Kira Cattell
Windows
Lexi
Greenberg
Katie Allen
Renee
Desimpel
Marie
Johansen
Andrea Koch
Tyler Smith
White Board
Tim Heselton
Table
Karl Wilson
Roann Pao
Ankit Sharma
Tram-anh Cao
Jordan Park
Jolie Goolish
Diego De La
Torre
Marissa
Parkhurst
Spencer
McKean
Katie
Camacho
Hannah Lau
Elena
DeAngelis
Siobhan
Miller
Nicole Silva
Yasmin
Ghalambor
Andrew
McCormick
White Board
Erica Moy
Computer
Desk
Bookshelf
LCD Screen
Arielle De
Chavez
Sam Sevely
Lindsey
Marent
Simran Dhalla
Lauren Scott
Closet
Misha
Radonjic
Jasper Deng
Margarita
Patio
Liam
Sidebottom
Hansmeet
Singh
Haley
Sawamura
Bethany
Tinklenberg
White Board
Erin Rempola
Tarun Nair
Mirko
Mostaghimi
Luke Dickey
Sarah Alkadri
Jordana
Bischoff
Run
Thapanangku
n
Sarah Brotzel
Andrew
Thornberry
Sophie Brotzel
Skyler Russert
Max
Blumenstein
Table
Taylor
Houston
Windows
Marissa
Klazura
Celeste
Ingersoll
Kiana
Ariyama
Adriane Rowe
White Board
Anjalee
Raman
Kareena
Hirani
Nicole
Nakahama
Juan Nava
Nicole
Worthy
Bookshelf
Computer
Desk
Chapter 4
• Essential Questions
• What is the difference
between Nature and
Nurture?
• How do individuals
develop temperament?
• What affects the geneenvironment interaction?
• Objectives
• Define and explain
natural selection
• Understand evolutionary
success and its global
implications
• Understand how cultural
influences can impact
development on the self
and over time.
Homework Review
• In terms of DNA, how similar are we to other people?
• What most influences our traits?
• Twins:
• What is the genetic difference between identical and fraternal
twins?
• What is the temperament difference between identical and fraternal
twins?
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VbqioNKCpoA
Genetic Influence on Traits
• Where did Keaton get her features? Mom or dad?
Twinning! You will get with a partner and use the following
topics to find as many similarities as you can. Write these down.
Don’t worry about the differences.
• Topics:
• Politics
• Music
• Religion
• Clothes
• Jobs Held
• Job Goals
• Sports
• Hobbies
• Favorite subjects in school
• Subjects you dislike
• Favorite Foods
• Foods you dislike
• Favorite colors
• Climate Preferences
• Automobile Preferences
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Sleeping habits
Reading tastes
Talents
Aversions
Coffee brand
Favorite magazines
Pets owned
Educational interests
TV programs
Habits
Personality Traits
Ideal Vacation
Social preferences
Handedness
Illnesses
Twinning!
• How many similarities did you find?
• What can this tell us about the validity of twins studies?
Temperament & Heredity
• Homework Assignment:
• What was your temperament? Has it changed over time?
• Were you an “easy” baby, spirited, inhibited, emotionally intense,
etc?
• What can this information tell us about your personality
now?
Agenda: Block Day
• Finish temperament information
• Homework review
• Evolutionary Psychology
• Monday 9/30
• Chpt 4 135- 139 *1st Paragraph
• Talk to your parents 
• Tuesday
• Chpt 4 139- 144
• *Earthquake Drill Special Schedule
• Block Day *Modified Block
Schedule
• Chpt 4 145- 149
• *Reminder: Friday is the last day to
complete the test if a student had
an excused absence
• Study Vocab
• Friday
• Chpt 4 150- 153
• *Get caught up on notes- you will
need them next week!
Temperament & Heredity
• Homework Assignment:
• What was your temperament? Has it changed over time?
• Were you an “easy” baby, spirited, inhibited, emotionally intense,
etc?
• What can this information tell us about your personality
now?
Temperament Survey
• You will use your own piece of paper to respond to the
EAS survey on the next two slides.
• We will then score this as a class.
Temperament Survey
I like to be with people
I usually seem to be in a
hurry
3. I am easily frightened
4. I frequently get distressed
5. When displeased, I let
people know right away
6. I am something of a loner
7. I like to keep busy all the
time
8. I am known as hotblooded and quicktempered
9. I often feel frustrated
10. My life is fast-paced
1.
2.
• Use the following scale:
• 1= not characteristic of me at
all
• 2= Somewhat uncharacteristic
of me
• 3= Neither characteristic or
uncharacteristic of me
• 4= Somewhat characteristic of
me
• 5= Very characteristic of me
Temperament Survey
• 11. Everyday events make me
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troubled and fretful
12. I often feel insecure
13. There are many things that
annoy me
14. When I get scared, I panic
15. I prefer working with others
rather than alone
16. I get emotionally upset easily
17. I often feel as if I’m bursting with
energy
18. It takes a lot to make me mad
19. I have fewer fears than most
people my age
20. I find people more stimulating
than anything else
• Use the following scale:
• 1= not characteristic of me at all
• 2= Somewhat uncharacteristic of me
• 3= Neither characteristic or
uncharacteristic of me
• 4= Somewhat characteristic of me
• 5= Very characteristic of me
Temperament Survey
• You will use your own piece of paper to respond to the
EAS survey on the next two slides. We will then score this
as a class.
• Scoring:
• Reverse the number you placed in front of items 6, 18, and 19
• Ex. 5 = 1, 4 = 2, 3 = 3, 2 = 4, 1 = 5
• Activity score: add numbers for items 2, 7, 10, and 17
• Sociability score: add numbers for items 1, 6, 15, and 20
• Emotionality:
• Add 4, 9, 11, and 16 for Distress
• Add 3, 12, 14, and 19 for Fearfulness
• Add 5, 8, 13 and 18 for Anger
Temperament Survey
• Activity: General level of energy output
• High Score: You keep busy most of the time
• Emotionality: Intensity of emotional reactions
• High Score: You become upset easily and display a “quick temper”
• Sociability: Tendency to interact with others
• High Score: You seek out others and enjoy their company
• Do you agree with the findings?
• Because most researchers believe that temperament is
largely inherited, do you see similarities in temperament
to your biological parents?
Mean scores for men and women
Women
Men
Activity
13.40
12.80
Sociability
15.24
14.60
Emotionality: Distress
10.08
9.72
Emotionality: Fearfulness
10.60
8.92
Emotionality: Anger
10.28
10.80
Homework Review
• What is heritability?
• What do the following pictures have to do with genetic
and environmental interaction?
• Should “Designer Babies” be allowed? (8:20-12:45)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=azpx_EsreGE
Evolutionary Psychology
• Why do children protest going to bed?
• You will respond to the questionnaire on the next slide to
help us better understand evolutionary psychology.
Mating Preferences
• On a piece of paper, write down 5-7 characteristics that
you would prefer in a mate/partner.
• Report out, we will report out the preferences on the
board, one side for the female students, and one side for
male students.
• After the report out, we will analyze similarities and
differences.
• What does this have to do with mate preference
information from the reading?
Agenda: Friday
• Vocab Quiz
• Hypothetical Situation
• The influence of parents, peers,
and culture
• Monday 9/30
• Chpt 4 135- 139 *1st Paragraph
• Talk to your parents 
• Tuesday
• Chpt 4 139- 144
• *Earthquake Drill Special Schedule
• Block Day *Modified Block
Schedule
• Chpt 4 145- 149
• *Reminder: Friday is the last day to
complete the test if a student had
an excused absence
• Study Vocab
• Friday
• Chpt 4 150- 153
• *Get caught up on notes- you will
need them next week!
Hypothetical Situation: What would you do
in this situation?
• A family has recently
moved into an apartment
(*see diagram). The
family consists of:
Bathroom
Kitchen
Bedroom
• Mother
• Father
• Daughters: 2 & 15 Years
• Sons: 6 & 9 Years
• What would you do?
• What would someone
from a non-American
culture do? Why?
Living/Dining
Room
Bedroom
Experience and Brain Development
Early postnatal experiences affect brain
development. Rosenzweig et al. (1984) showed
that rats raised in enriched environments
developed thicker cortices than those in
impoverished environment.
Experience and Faculties
Early experiences during development in
humans shows remarkable improvements in
music, languages and the arts.
Courtesy of C. Brune
Brain Development and Adulthood
Brain development does not stop when we
reach adulthood. Throughout our life, brain
tissue continues to grow and change.
A well-learned finger-tapping task leads to
more motor cortical neurons (right) than baseline.
Parental Influence
Parental influence is largely genetic. This support
is essential in nurturing children. However, other
socializing factors also play an important role.
Miquel L. Fairbanks
Although raised in the same family,
some children are greater risk takers.
Peer Influence
Children, like adults, attempt to fit into a group
by conforming. Peers are influential in such
areas as learning to cooperate with others,
gaining popularity, and developing interactions.
Ole Graf/ zefa/ Corbis
Cultural Influences
Humans have the ability to evolve culture.
Culture is composed of behaviors, ideas,
attitudes, values and traditions shared by a group.
Kevin R. Morris/Corbis
Variation Across Culture
Cultures differ. Each culture develops norms –
rules for accepted and expected behavior. Men
holding hands in Saudi Arabia is the norm (closer
personal space), but not in American culture.
Jason Reed/ Reuters/Corbis