Original Oratory
Original Persuasive Speaking
What it is…
• An Original Oratory is an original
persuasive speech that brings awareness
to a situation or a plea to fix a problem.
• Your opinion is allowed in this speech
• Your opinion is backed up by references
Rules and Regulations
• Speech should be 8-10 minutes in length.
• Must be typed – 12pt, Times New Roman,
double spaced
• Must not quote more than 150 words total
• All quotes need to be highlighted
• Paraphrasing of material is allowed and
not counted as a quote, but must give
credit to avoid plagiarism
What topic to choose?
• Try to pick a current worldly problem
• The more it hits home, the better off you
will relate to your judge and audience
Topic
• Should be persuasive in nature, but needs
to contain informative material:
– Analysis
– Statistics
– Quotations
Your tie-in to the topic
• You should have some emotional
attachment to the topic you choose
• Pick a topic that has a universal theme
– In other words, something that will mean
something to your audience
Where to find topics
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Brainstorm
Published lists of topics
Listening to other speeches
Magazine sources
Books
Other Media
Checklist
• Is my topic unique enough to be
competitive?
• Is my approach to my topic different than
others have been?
• Is my topic a persuasive topic rather than
only informative?
• Do I believe in my topic?
• Will ALL my audience be interested in my
topic?
Researching
• Use primary sources
• If using the internet:
– Check for accuracy and authenticity
Gathering Incidental Information
• Humor
– Humor should be of different types
– Variety keeps the audiences attention
Types of Humor
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Story or personal experience
Exaggerations
Understatements
Twisted definitions called daffynitions
Puns
Parody
Misunderstandings
Philosophical Quotations
• Oxford dictionary of quotations
• Dictionary of quotations
• Look online for quotations by
Philosophers, Presidents
• Look for witty quotations
Other Examples
• Historical Examples
• Definitions
• Specialized sources
Checklist
• Am I using a variety of primary sources in my
research?
• Have I double checked the credibility?
• Have I used an adequate mix of incidental
information?
• Are there philosophical quotations which fit my
speech?
• Are there any historical examples which fit my
topic?
• Have I defined all the important terms or
concepts?
• Are my notes in a form usable to me?
Organization
• There are several designs to create an
organization.
• Organization will help your audience keep
up with your thoughts
• If your speech “flows” well, you have more
of a sympathetic ear from your audience.
The Dewey Problem-Solving Method
• Intro that catches attention and includes a
specific purpose statement (thesis).
• Define and discuss the problem. Present
proof that the problem exists and show its
impacts and ramifications.
• Suggest possible solutions
• Evaluate possible solutions showing the
advantages and disadvantages of each.
• Advocate the best solution
• Conclusion – tell the audience how they can
help enact the advocated solution
Personal Problem Outline
• Introduction and thesis
• Justify why the audience needs to listen by
presenting examples of problems and impacts
• Personalize to self. Show how the topic
effects the speakers own life through example
and exposition
• Personalize to the audience. Show how the
problem affects the audience.
• Reinforce significance of the problem
• Present which actions can be taken
• Summary with tie-back to introduction
Wheel, Turn, or Flip Outline
• Introductions which is extemely funny
• Wheel or turn – this is no laughing matter
• Horror stories to prove the extent of the
problem – either serious or funny. Spend about
1/3 of your speech on this.
• State harms from your subject
• Present the solution
– Public or private solution
• Conclusion presents the consequences of
listeners failure to act
Monroe’s Motivated Sequence
• Attention step – gain the attention and express
the purpose
• Need step – prove the problem exists
• Satisfaction – present a solution
• Visualization – show the audience the benefits
of solving the problem
– Negative: problem w/o proposed solution
– Positive: w/ proposed solution
– Neg/Pos. – show negative and then positive
• Action step – tell audience what they can do to
help the problem
Five-step Formula
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Make contact with the listener
Justification
Subject text/thesis
Establish belief
Application
• Example: F.D.R.’s “Declaration of War”
Speech
– http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrpe
arlharbor.htm
Combination Model
• Attention-getting step
• Present solution
• Explain the problem
– Include existing conditions, principle causes
– Build to climax so that highest emotional point
precedes solution
• Conclusion
• Reaffirm central theme
• Build higher emotional plane
Checklist
• Have I looked at several different types of
introductions?
• Have I selected a type or types of introductions that fit
my speech well?
• Will my intro grab the attention of the audeience?
• Will the audience be able to tell the topic from the
intro?
• Can I make a positive impression with this intro?
• Is my intro long enough?
• Have I avoided being overdramatic in my intro?
• Have I avoided misleading my audience with my intro?
Conclusions
• 3 don’ts
– Draw out the ending of the speech
– Present an anticlimax
– Repeat the obvious
• 3 functions
– Summarize
– Positive impression
– To end the speech
Types of Conclusions
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Quotation
Refer to the introduction
Direct audience action – appeal
Visualization
Analogy
Question
Humor
Story
Checklist
• Have I looked at several possible
conclusions?
• Does my conclusion I have chosen
provide enough summary?
• Does this conclusion leave a positive
impression with the audience?
• Have I avoided a run-on or anticlimactic
conclusion?
Supporting Material
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Personal experience
Stories
Examples
Analogy
Repitition and restatement
Quotations
Statistics or study
Definition
Description, explanation, imagery
Paradox
Checklist
• Have I used several different types of
supporting material in the body of my
speech?
• Is my speech over-evidenced?
• Are there assertions in my speech which the
audience will have a hard time accepting
without evidence?
• Have I responded to listeners in regards to
supporting material?
• Have I provided credible sources for my
support?
Writing the Oration
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Make a working outline
Rough Draft
Revisions
Use Oratory language
– Clarity
– Appropriateness
– Dynamics
• Imagery
• personification
Checklist
• Does a word/phrase or sentence outline fit my
personal style best?
• Is my outline complete?
• Is my language simple, concrete, and accurate?
• Is my language appropriate to my topic? To my
audience?
• Is my language forceful and original?
• Have I revised my speech recently?
• Am I constantly looking to improve my speech?
• Am I listening closely enough to trusted critics?
Delivery
• Be sincere
• Be spontaneous sounding even through it is
memorized and rehearsed
• Posture – stand up straight without being stiff
• Movement – plan movements to each main point
• Gestures – should be planned and practiced
• Eye Contact!!!!
• Conversational tone
Checklist
• Am I working to sound sincere as I
practice and present my speech?
• Does my speech sound spontaneous even
though it is well rehearsed?
• Am I using feedback from the critics and
video to improve posture, movement, and
gestures?
• Are my gestures meaningful?
• Am I comfortably looking at my audience?
Examples to watch
• http://nfltv.org/2010/02/24/1988-nashvillenationals/
• http://nfltv.org/2010/01/05/1991glenbrooks-nationals/
• http://nfltv.org/2010/01/27/1990-san-josenationals/