Timeline – Rome
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753 BCE
The legendary founding date of Rome.
750 BCE - 510 BCE
The (semi-mythological) seven kings of Rome: Romulus, Numa Pompilius, Tulus Hostilius,
Ancus Marcius, Tarquinius Priscus, Servius Tullius, Tarquinius Superbus.
c. 620 BCE
Posible founding date for Ostia, the port ofRome.
599 BCE - 500 BCE
The traditional date when the Circus Maximusof Rome is first laid out.
509 BCE
Foundation of the Roman Republic.
484 BCE
The first temple of Castor & Pollux is dedicated inRome by Aulus Postumius following his
victory over the Latins at the Battle of Lake Regillus.
c. 400 BCE
Roman tale of mythical twins Romulus and Remus first recorded.
390 BCE
Gauls sack Rome.
387 BCE
"Gallic Catastrophe:" Duke Brennus of the Celtsdefeats the Romans at Allia, and
subsequently sacks Rome. Celts move off after ransom is paid.
380 BCE
Rebuilding of Rome. Strong walls around the seven hills.
343 BCE - 341 BCE
First Samnite War (Rome vs. Samnites).
340 BCE - 338 BCE
Latin War, victory for Rome.
326 BCE - 304 BCE
Second Samnite War.
321 BCE
The Via Appia, a famous Roman road, is constructed.
292 BCE
The Romans adopt the Greek god of medicineAsclepius by stealing his sacred snake
fromEpidaurus and setting up a temple on the Tiber Island.
218 BCE - 201 BCE
Second Punic War. Hannibal leads 50,000 foot soldiers, 9000 cavalry, and 37 war elephants
over the Pyrennees and the Alps.
213 BCE - 211 BCE
Roman commander Marcus Claudius Marcellus lays seige to and ultimately sacks Syracuse.
196 BCE
The earliest known Triumphal Arches are built in Rome by L.Sertinius.
168 BCE
Rome defeats Macedon at Battle of Pydna.
166 BCE
Rome puts Delos under the jurisdiction ofAthens and makes the island a free port.
146 BCE
First Roman all-marble building is constructed, the temple of Jupiter Stater in Rome.
121 BCE
Gallia Narbonensis becomes a Roman province.
107 BCE - 100 BCE
Gaius Marius reforms the Roman army.
12 Jul 100 BCE - 15 Mar 44 BCE
Timeline – Rome
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Life of Gaius Julius Caesar, founder of theRoman Empire.
89 BCE
All poleis or city-states in Magna Graecia come under Roman control.
80 BCE
Sulla moves the Olympic Games to Rome for a single Olympiad.
70 BCE
Pompey and Crassus are made consuls.
59 BCE - 17 CE
Life of Livy.
58 BCE - 51 BCE
Julius Caesar’s conquest of Gaul.
55 BCE
Pompey the Great builds the first permanent stone theatre in Rome.
55 BCE - 54 BCE
Julius Caesar's expeditions in Britain.
54 BCE - 29 BCE
Forum of Caesar constructed in Rome by Julius Caesar as another area to conduct judicial
business. It is the best surviving of his monuments.
44 BCE
Julius Caesar is murdered.
43 BCE - 36 BCE
Second Roman Triumvirate: Antony, Octavian, and Lepidus (official approvement by
Senate). Mass proscriptions including Cicero.
43 BCE - 17 CE
Life of Ovid.
31 BCE
Greece absorbed into Roman Empire.
c. 27 BCE
The first Pantheon is built in Rome and dedicated by Marcus Agrippa.
c. 20 BCE
The Campus Martius baths in Rome are constructed and donated to the people by Agrippa.
c. 20 BCE
Military engineer Vitruvius publishes his "De architectura libri decem".
19 BCE
Arch of Augustus built in Rome to commemorate victory over the Parthians.
c. 13 BCE
Official inauguration of the Theatre of Marcellus inRome.
2 BCE
The Temple of Mars Ultor in Rome is inaugurated by Augustus.
1 CE - 100 CE
Mithraism spreads in the Roman empire.
42 CE - 62 CE
St. Paul goes on missionary journeys across Asia Minor, Greece, and Rome.
c. 50 CE - c. 60 CE
Establishment of various Christian communities in the
Eastern Mediterranean, Greece, Egypt, and at least the city of Rome.
60 CE - 61 CE
Boudicca's Revolt in Britain.
64 CE
Unofficial persecution of Christians in Rome.
64 CE
The great fire in Rome.
c. 64 CE
The Roman port of Ostia reaches its maximum size becoming a major urban centre.
64 CE
Fire destroys the Circus Maximus in Rome.
Timeline – Rome
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c. 65 CE
The Baths of Nero are built in Rome.
c. 65 CE
The Circus Maximus in Rome is rebuilt and its capacity increased to 250,000.
66 CE - 73 CE
The Jewish Revolt against Rome.
68 CE - 69 CE
Year of the Four Emperors: Civil war in Rome.
70 CE
The city of Jerusalem captured by Rome; the Second Temple destroyed.
Jun 71 CE
Titus returns to Rome from Jewish War.
72 CE
Vespasian begins construction of theColosseum in Rome.
24 Jan 76 CE - 10 Jul 138 CE
Life of Roman emperor Hadrian (Publius Aelius Hadrianus).
79 CE
Eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in southern Italyburying the towns of Pompeii and Herculaneum in
volcanic ash.
80 CE
The Colosseum in Rome is officially opened byTitus with a 100 day gladiator spectacular.
80 CE
The first Pantheon in Rome is destroyed by fire.
81 CE - 96 CE
Construction is finally completed on theColosseum of Rome in the reign of Domitian.
83 CE
Battle of Mons Graupius in Scotland.
18 Sep 96 CE
Death of Roman Emperor Domitian.
c. 110 CE
First documented martydom in the Colosseumof Rome, that of St. Ignatius of Antioch.
110 CE
The second Pantheon building in Rome is hit by lightning and destroyed by fire.
113 CE
Trajan’s column is constructed in Rome which commemorates the emperor's campaigns
inDacia.
c. 125 CE
The Pantheon is completed in Rome.
10 Jul 138 CE - 9 Mar 161 CE
Reign of Roman Emperor Antoninus Pius.
c. 180 CE
The Column of Marcus Aurelius and Faustina is erected in Rome. It depicts in relief
sculpture the emperors' campaigns across the Danube.
192 CE
Emperor Commodus is murdered, civil warensues (until 197 CE).
202 CE
The Pantheon in Rome is repaired bySeptimius Severus and Caracalla.
227 CE
The Baths of Nero in Rome are extensively renovated and expanded by Alexander Severus
and renamed Thermae Alexandrinae.
c. 235 CE
The Baths of Caracalla in Rome are completed.
249 CE - 251 CE
Reign of Roman Emperor Decius.
272 CE
Possible year of Emperor Constantine's birth.
Timeline – Rome
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286 CE
Naval commander Carausius (Marcus AureliusMausaeus Valerius Carausius) declares himself
emperor in Britain and Northern Gaul.
293 CE
Emperor Carausius assassinated by Allectus.
308 CE
Constantine I named "caesar" of the west.
312 CE
Constantine defeats Maxentius at Milvian Bridge.
337 CE
Death of Emperor Constantine I.
402 CE
Ravenna becomes the capital of the WesternRoman empire.
408 CE
Alaric I the Visigoth besieges Rome. As ransom, Rome pays 5,000 pounds of gold, 30,000
pounds of silver, 4,000 silken tunics, 3,000 hides dyed scarlet, and 3,000 pounds of pepper.
410 CE
Alaric of the Visigoths sacks Rome.
422 CE
The Colosseum of Rome is damaged by earthquake.
455 CE
Vandals sack Rome.
536 CE
Rome falls to Belisarius.
549 CE
The last official chariot race is held in Rome'sCircus Maximus.
608 CE
The Pantheon in Rome is converted into a Christian church.
c. 730 CE
First reference to the Flavian Amphitheatre as theColosseum by the Venerable Bede.