The Great West and
Empire &
Expansion
AP Chapters 26 & 27
The 3 D’s



Disease…
Decline of the
Buffalo…
Dishonest
Government
Officials/Broken
Treaties…
Indian Wars, 1860–1890
Copyright © by Houghton
Mifflin Company. All rights
reserved.
6
Major Conflicts
of the Indian Wars


Chivington’s
Massacre (Sand
Creek)…
Fetterman’s
Massacre…
Chief Joseph
Nez Perce
Geronimo
Apache Wars
George Armstrong Custer
“Custer’s Last Stand” a.k.a.
The Battle of Little Big Horn
Custer’s Last Stand, 1876
Wounded Knee
Dawes Severalty
Act (1877)

Dissolved tribal
ownership of land…




Individual family
ownership…
Forced assimilation…
Indians could…
Effects…
Carlisle Indian School
The Lure of the
West

Mining…




Placer mining…
Sluice mining…
Comstock Lode..
Attracted population
and wealth…

Women found
opportunities…
Cowboys – The Long Drive



Popular terminals…
4 million + driven to
market 1866-1888
End of the Cowboy
era: Barbed Wired
(Joseph Glidden
1874)
The 100th Meridan – “Rain follows the plow”
Homestead Act 1862
The Oklahoma Land Rush (Sept 16, 1893)
Frederick Jackson
Turner


The Significance of
the Frontier in
American History
“Frontier Thesis”

The success of
America is tied to its
continual westward
expansion…
American Agriculture in 1900
Copyright © by Houghton
Mifflin Company. All rights
reserved.
20
The Grange

Development of
agriculture




Cash crops…
Mechanization…
Debts..
At the mercy of



Corporations
Government
The Grange

1867 – Oliver Kelley
Populism


Farmers who
attacked…
Wanted




Nationalized RR,
telephone, telegraph
Graduated Income
Tax
Loans for crops…
Free & unlimited
coinage of silver…
Coxey’s Army
Eugene V. Debs

Pullman Strike
Election of 1896

William McKinley (R)

William Jennings
Bryan (D)
Cross of Gold Speech
American
Imperialism


Primary Causes:
 Need for overseas markets
 Manifest Destiny
 Anglo Saxonism
 Social Darwinsim
 Jingoism
Influences:
 Alfred Thayer Mahan – The
Influence of Sea Power Upon
History
 Josiah Strong - Our Country:
Its Possible Future and Its
Present Crisis
The Annexation of Hawaii




Missionaries…
Sugar Plantations…
Tariffs…
Queen Liliuokalani…
Yellow Journalism:

Joseph Pulitzer


The New York World
William Randolph
Hearst

The New York Journal
Remember the Maine!
Spanish American War

Commodore Dewey
attacks the Spanish
Fleet in Manila Bay,
Phillipines
Spanish American War

Teddy Roosevelt &
The Rough Riders
charge up San Juan
Hill
Results of the War

Cuban Independence?



U.S. purchases &
Occupies the Philippines


Platt Amendment
Guantanamo Bay
Philippine Insurrection
U.S. annexes


Guam
Puerto Rico
Anti – Imperialist
League


Fought against
expansionism..
Prominent Members




Mark Twain
Samuel Gompers
Andrew Carnegie
Grover Cleveland
The Struggle in the Philippines




Filipino Bitterness…
1899 Emilio
Aguinaldo leads an
insurrection…
1901 Taft becomes
governor…
Philippine
Independence…
Open Door Policy in China


Spheres of Influence
Leads to the Boxer
Rebellion
Boxer Rebellion
Election of 1900

William McKinley (R)

William Jennings
Bryan (D)
McKinley is assasinated
Teddy Roosevelt – 26th President
“Speak softly and carry a Big Stick…”
Panama Canal

10 mile wide zone
across the isthmus of
Panama
Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe
Doctrine – “Big Stick” Diplomacy
Russo-Japanese War
Great White Fleet