Physical Science
Big Idea 10: Forms of Energy
Big Idea 11: Energy Transfer and Transformation
Grade 5 Quarter 2 Topic 8
What is Energy?
Department of Mathematics and Science
Big Idea 10: Forms of Energy
Big Idea 11: Energy Transfer & Transformation
Benchmarks
SC.5.P.10.1 - Investigate and describe some basic forms of energy, including light, heat,
sound, electrical, chemical, and mechanical.
Also Assesses:
SC.5.P.10.2 - Investigate and explain that energy has the ability to cause motion or
create change.
• SC.4.P.10.3 - Investigate and explain that sound is produced by vibrating objects
and that pitch depends on how fast or slow the object vibrates.
• SC.4.P.10.4 - Describe how moving water and air are sources of energy and can be
used to move things.
• SC.3.P.10.3 - Demonstrate that light travels in a straight line until it strikes an
object or travels from one medium to another.
• SC.3.P.10.4 - Demonstrate that light can be reflected, refracted, and absorbed.
• SC.3.P.11.1 - Investigate, observe, and explain that things that give off light often
also give off heat.
• SC.3.P.11.2 - Investigate, observe, and explain that heat is produced when one
object rubs against another, such as rubbing one's hands together.
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Big Idea 10: Forms of Energy
Big Idea 11: Energy Transfer &
Transformation Benchmarks
SC.5.P.10.4 - Investigate and explain that electrical energy can be transformed
into heat, light, and sound energy, as well as the energy of motion. Also
Assesses:
• SC.3.E.6.1 - Demonstrate that radiant energy from the sun can heat
objects and when the sun is not present, heat may be lost.
• SC.4.P.11.1 - Recognize that heat flows from a hot object to a cold object
and that heat flow may cause materials to change temperature.
• SC.4.P.11.2 - Identify common materials that conduct heat well or poorly.
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Draw a picture of some examples of using energy in your notebook.
P-SELL Big Idea 10 Energy
Student Book p. 89
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How is Energy all around us?
– You can hear energy as sound
when someone talks.
– You can see mechanical energy every time you
move.
– You can see energy as light from the sun or a
lamp.
– You can feel it as heat warms things up.
Discovery Fundamentals:
Energy Makes it Happen
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What are the Forms of Energy?
•
•
•
•
•
•
Electrical
Light
Sound
Chemical
Heat/Thermal
Mechanical
kinetic
potential
http://www.childrensuniversity.manchester.ac.uk/interactives/science/energy/
Big Idea 10
Energy PSELL
Student Book
Read p. 90.
Complete
p. 91
Finding
Energy
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Exploring Forms of Energy
Stations
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What is light?
•
•
•
Light is something that allows us to see
objects.
Light is a form of energy.
Light is produced by the vibrations of
electrically charged particles.
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What are Properties of Light?
• Light travels in a straight path.
• Light doesn’t travel through all objects.
These are defined as opaque.
• Light can be absorbed and changed to heat.
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Properties of Light Continued
• Light bounces off or is reflected from some
kinds of opaque objects.
• Some objects let all light pass through them
are known as:
transparent
• Some objects let some light pass through
them are known as:
translucent
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Bending Light Lab
Write down responses on your note page.
• Problem: What does light do when it travels
from one medium or state of matter (air) through
another medium (water)?
• Hypothesis:
• Test and Observe: Follow steps from the lab
sheet. See PSELL Student Book p. 92-93.
• Conclusion:
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How does Light Change Direction?
• Light bends or refracts as it passes from one
medium (form of matter: solid, liquid or gas)
to another.
• Refraction of Light Virtual Tutorial
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Light Energy
Why are these pictures examples of light energy?
The sun and stars are examples of light energy. They
provide a natural source of light and this light energy
travels all the way to the Earth. The sun’s light energy is so
powerful it can even be converted to electrical energy
through solar power!
CPALMS Content - All Images in Powerpoint obtained from: commons.wikimedia.org
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What is Sound?
(After you are in the hyperlink site, choose the topic Sound and Hearing)
• Sound is a form of energy produced by a
vibration or a back and forth movement of an
object.
• Sound is a wave of vibrations that spread from
its source of its matter.
• The more vibrations the waves have, the more
energy, the louder the sound.
• The faster the vibrations or the frequency, the
higher the sound or pitch. What is pitch?
• Pitch is how high or low a sound is.
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Sound Energy
Why are these pictures examples of sound energy? Cpalms.org
Dolphins communicate through echolocation taking
advantage of sound waves under water. The sound waves
move through the water, and bounce off the object to return
to the dolphin. When they receive the information their
auditory nerves create an acoustic picture of the object
CPALMS Content - All Images in Powerpoint obtained from: commons.wikimedia.org
(www.pbs.org)
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What is Heat Energy ?
• Rub your hands together. Are the palms of your hands warmer
now?
• Friction from rubbing two objects together produces heat energy.
• Heat energy is the energy caused by moving particles.
• AS the object’s particles move faster, so its thermal energy
increases.
• Heat energy always flows from warmer to cooler. Things
don’t get cool. Things just lose heat.
• A change in thermal energy can lead to a change in phase or
state of matter.
• Temperature is a measure of heat/thermal energy.
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Heat Energy
Why are these pictures examples of heat energy?
While a toaster uses electrical energy to power it,
it transfers to heat energy. The heat energy warms
the coils and this energy spreads from the hot
coils to the cold bread you placed in the toaster.
CPALMS Content - All Images in Powerpoint obtained from: commons.wikimedia.org
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What is Mechanical Energy?
PSELL Big Idea 10 p. 102
• Mechanical energy is the energy that is possessed
by an object due to its motion or due to its
position. Mechanical energy can be either kinetic
energy (energy of motion) or potential energy
(stored energy of position)
• All energy can be in one of two states: potential
energy or kinetic energy.
The amount of mechanical energy depends on the
object’s speed and mass.
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Mechanical Energy
Why are these pictures examples of mechanical
energy?
A roller coaster is an example of mechanical energy
because of the amount of energy that is stored
before you move and then the amount of energy
being used as you travel around the track!
cpalms.org
All Images in Powerpoint obtained
commons.wikimedia.org
Department of Mathematics and from:
Science
What is Chemical Energy?
• Chemical energy is made when substances react and
form new substances.
• Food, batteries, and fuels such as oil and gasoline
are stored chemical energy.
• Chemical energy can change to:
sound
light
thermal
electrical
kinetic
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Chemical Energy
Why are these pictures examples of chemical energy?
This girl is eating a peach, her body will eventually break
down the peach through digestion by several chemical
reactions and use the nutrients for energy she will need to
grow and play.
CPALMS Content - All Images in Powerpoint obtained from: commons.wikimedia.org
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What is Electrical Energy?
Electrical energy is energy that is
caused by the movement of charged
particles in an electrical field.
CPALMS Content - All Images in Powerpoint obtained from: commons.wikimedia.org
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Electrical Energy
Why are these pictures examples of electrical energy?
In this picture electrical energy or electricity is made
available to homes and businesses by charged particles
moving through the power lines.
CPALMS Content - All Images in Powerpoint obtained from: commons.wikimedia.org
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Forms of Energy
Energy Forms
• Heat/thermal
• Electrical
• Chemical
• Mechanical:
potential
kinetic
• Light /Radiant
•
•
•
•
What Happens?
Objects warm. Food cooks.
Lights on. / Machines run.
Organisms move and grow.
Flashlights light up.
• Sled sits on top of a hill.
• Sled slides down the hill.
• Plants grow. / Lasers cut.
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What do different Forms of
Energy have in common?
All Energy has the ability to cause motion or create a
change.
How is energy changing these objects?
motion
temperature and color
size or shape
25
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Inquiry 7: Wind Energy
(SC.5.P.10.2, SC.5.P.10.4, SC.4.P.10.4)
P-SELL Big Idea 10 Energy Student Book p. 104
How can wind energy (air) be a source of energy that
makes things move?
*Before making a prediction or a hypothesis look at the variables.
Test/Independent/ Manipulated Variable (What do I change?)
Outcome/Dependent/ Responding Variable (What data do I collect?)
Constant Variables (What do I keep the same in the experiment?)
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Sources of Energy
• Describe how moving air is a source of energy
and can be used to move things.
• What are examples of people using wind to
make things move?
• How can we use wind to our advantage?
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What is the Transformation of Energy?
Energy can change and move from one object
to another.
chemical > electrical > light
Where does the energy of a lit light bulb transfer to
after the flashlight has been on for a while?
Heat energy transfers into the air.
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Forms of Energy Stationsaions
Identify and record the different forms of energy
in your science notebook as you rotate
throughout the various stations.
Reflections:
• Describe what you learned in the energy
stations.
• What was interesting?
• What do you want to learn more about?
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Energy Interactive Online Resources
The Energy Story: http://energyquest.ca.gov/story/index.html
Mechanical Energy (animation)
http://app.discoveryeducation.com/player/?assetGuid=2768797e-a7a0-45f5-b7a4812cd3422f7d&fromMyDe=0&isPrinterFriendly=0&provider=&isLessonFromHealth=0&produ
ctcode=DETB&isAssigned=false&includeHeader=YES&homeworkGuid
Energy and the Environment:
http://www.childrensuniversity.manchester.ac.uk/interactives/science/energy
Science for Kids: Sound and Hearing
http://acswebcontent.acs.org/scienceforkids/index.html#Sound
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