2024-02-13T04:17:09+03:00[Europe/Moscow] en true Newton, Revealed Theology, Plato's view, Soul, Parralleism, Materialsm, Bacon:science is the key to knowledge, Hobbes, Soul is illusion, Empiricism, Reject intuition/ Deduction thesis, Locke, Reject of rationalism, Complex systems, Augusta Comte, Locke, Berkeley, James Mill, Eliminative Materialism, Functionalism, Pythagorean Theorem, Disease, Identity Theory of the Mind, mechanism, Dynmamism, Berkeley, Craniology, localization of function, Flourens, Aggregate Field View, Wernicke's area, Controversy, Starr, Ferrier and Yeo, Mills, Munk, Henschen, Gaileo, Artistic depictions, Dissemination of information, 1700s, Vitalism, Reformation, Rene Descartes (1596-1650), Descartes, Soul/Mind, Descartes, Reflex Therory, Derived ideas, Innate ideas, Stimuli to initiate, Amo, Spinoza, Spinoza, pure pantheism, Reductionism, Gestalt Psychology, Insanity, Insanity, Behaviorism, Frank Joseph Gall, Broca's area, Phineas Gage, Not studied (29), Select these 29, Produced large and bilateral lesions of cortex in dogs, Size and location, Campbell, Broadmann emphasized, Cerebral cortex should not, Von Manasnow believed, Leistungeb are not localized, Diaschizis of collaboration, Kleist, Kleist' mal, Broadmanns areas, Opposition, Sir Charles Sherrington, Sir Henry Dale, Karl Langley, Lesions in cortext, Law of Mass Action, Equipotentiality, Only associative and sensory or motor areas have, Sensory and motor areas of Lashleyvwere in contrast of, Maze learning, Behavioral adaption, Recovery of Function, Wilder Penfield, Pennfield applied electrical currents to the surface of patients brain, Geschwhjnd, Norman Geschwind, Pet, FMRI flashcards
Phillosophy of mind

Phillosophy of mind

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  • Newton
    Proposed universl law of nature/mechanical universe
  • Revealed Theology
    knowledge derived directly from God, through vision or discerning the Holy Scripture
  • Plato's view
    True substance of humans is not physical, but eternal Form
  • Soul
    Is more like an observer who does not truly understand the physcial sensations of a player on the field
  • Parralleism
    Mental and physical are two different aspects of the same objects
  • Materialsm
    Gaileo: all that exist is matter in motion
  • Bacon:science is the key to knowledge
    Hobbes: All that exist is of material nature
  • Hobbes
    Concepts of mechanism to humans
  • Soul is illusion
    Mind and brain are identical
  • Empiricism
    Reject idea of innate knowledge
  • Reject intuition/ Deduction thesis
    Instinctive, revelation, conclusion is based on the concordance of multiple premises that are generally true
  • Locke
    All knowledge is acquired from experience
  • Reject of rationalism
    No longer accept that "Some propositions are knowable by intuition alone"
  • Complex systems
    Interaction across elemental mechanisms yields unexpected results
  • Augusta Comte
    rejected truths of the church
  • Locke
    Knowledge is obtained from perception
  • Berkeley
    Based on perception
  • James Mill
    Mind is a machine, nothing more
  • Eliminative Materialism
    When we understand how the brain works, we will find it is nothing close to our naive perception
  • Functionalism
    Mental states are tied to the brain
  • Pythagorean Theorem
    Brain as the seat if sensation
  • Disease
    Implies the mind is dependent upon body
  • Identity Theory of the Mind
    Mental states and brain activities are identical to states of mind
  • mechanism
    Act based on laws and mechanisms
  • Dynmamism
    Internal force or energy that cannot deuces and understood
  • Berkeley
    Contends that no material things exist, not just that some immaterial things exists
  • Craniology
    Size of parts related to its prominence in behavioral characteristics
  • localization of function
    specialization of particular brain areas for particular functions
  • Flourens
    All brain regions partipsyed in every mental process
  • Aggregate Field View
    Discrete injury will affect all higher functions equally
  • Wernicke's area
    Receptive aphasia from lesion
  • Controversy
    Can higher order functions be localized in brain or is localization restricted to elemental functions such as sensory and motor areas
  • Starr
    Lesions of regions of the central sulcus lead to somatosensory disturbances
  • Ferrier and Yeo
    Lesions of superior temporal gurus left individuals irresponsive to hearings
  • Mills
    Dead patients with atrophy of superior temporal gyrus
  • Munk
    Reported on lesions of occipital cortex
  • Henschen
    160 clinical cases of blindness
  • Gaileo
    Simple machines
  • Artistic depictions
    Versalius recruited artists to draw images from his dissections
  • Dissemination of information
    Published the images using printing press
  • 1700s
    Inspired by newton, early physiology was mechanistic
  • Vitalism
    Theory are dependent on a force or principle distinct from purely chemical or physical forces
  • Reformation
    Schism within the Catholic Church from 1521-1648
  • Rene Descartes (1596-1650)
    A philosopher of rationalism who advocated for doubting all sources of truth in order to develop a more rational understanding of reality
  • Descartes
    Substance dualism
  • Soul/Mind
    Control thoughts, reason, reproduction, perception, locomotion
  • Descartes
    Mechanism to the human body
  • Reflex Therory
    Stimulus-response psychology
  • Derived ideas
    From experience, sensation
  • Innate ideas
    Original knowledge, not obtained(self,God, perfection, infinity)
  • Stimuli to initiate
    Sense must be able to communicate with soul
  • Amo
    If body is material and senses is alive, but the soul is immaterial then the soul can be aware of what happened to body but cannot feel or sense.
  • Spinoza
    Influenced by Descartes writings
  • Spinoza
    Said the substance has two attributed
  • pure pantheism
    God is identical with nature
  • Reductionism
    the reduction of complex systems to simpler components that are more manageable to study
  • Gestalt Psychology
    the whole is greater than the sum of its parts
  • Insanity
    Possession of the soul by demons
  • Insanity
    Illness of the mind
  • Behaviorism
    Observed Physcial behaviors
  • Frank Joseph Gall
    Observed relationships between classmates headshapes and mental characteristics
  • Broca's area
    Expressive aphasia from lesion of left hemisphere
  • Phineas Gage
    Bar through frontal area, bilateral damage to prefrontal cortex
  • Not studied (29)
    You haven't studied these terms yet!
  • Select these 29
    Goltz
  • Produced large and bilateral lesions of cortex in dogs
    Long term survival
  • Size and location
    determines the severity of effects on functions
  • Campbell
    First human cytoarchitectonic map
  • Broadmann emphasized
    Cytoarchitectonic filed represent function fields
  • Cerebral cortex should not
    Considered a single organ
  • Von Manasnow believed
    Some localization of elementary sensory and motor functions
  • Leistungeb are not localized
    Involve whole brain, which functions as dynamic organizing entity
  • Diaschizis of collaboration
    Loss of function in portion of brain connected but distant from a lesion
  • Kleist
    Studied 300 persons who sustained local brain injuries during world war 1
  • Kleist' mal
    Provided Broadmann's areas with functions
  • Broadmanns areas
    Sensory and motor correct
  • Opposition
    Brain mythology, modern manifestation of phrenology thinking
  • Sir Charles Sherrington
    Novel prize in physiology or medicine 1932 was awarded
  • Sir Henry Dale
    Awarded jointly to Sir Hallett Dalle and Otto Loewi
  • Karl Langley
    Lesions in cortext
  • Lesions in cortext
    Size of lesions, not location was related to function inmpairment
  • Law of Mass Action
    Brain mass, not neural architecture is important for brain function
  • Equipotentiality
    Capacity of any intact part of functional area to carry out the function by destruction of the whole
  • Only associative and sensory or motor areas have
    This capacity
  • Sensory and motor areas of Lashleyvwere in contrast of
    Flourens and Goltz
  • Maze learning
    Complex behavior, dependent upon many elemental behaviors
  • Behavioral adaption
    Small lesions, possible to employ other strategies to solve maze-impairment
  • Recovery of Function
    Other brains areas take control of lost function
  • Wilder Penfield
    Brain surgeon
  • Pennfield applied electrical currents to the surface of patients brain
    To find out problem areas
  • Geschwhjnd
    Forgotten principle- Flechsig's rule
  • Norman Geschwind
    Proposed disorders of higher function may often be produced by damage to the pathways that connect primary sensory and Motor areas
  • Pet
    Measure the uptake of oxygen or glucose during task performance
  • FMRI
    Measure blood oxygenation during task performance