Reform in the Catholic World
History 104 / January 16, 2013
Reminder: St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome (built 1506-1626)
Ignatius of Loyola
(1491-1556)
Jesuit college in Freiburg, Germany
St. Michael’s, Munich
Jesuit interior in the baroque style (Hall in Tyrol, Austria)
The Council of Trent (meets 1545-1563)
Bishops in consultation at Trent
Luther’s hymn A Mighty Fortress (1527)
Luther’s hymn (modern arrangement)
The Augsburg Confession
(presented to – and rejected by – Charles V, 1530)
Charles V
King of Spain,
1516-1556
Holy Roman Emperor,
1519-1556
portrait by Titian
The Peace of Augsburg
(1555)
“cuius regio,
eius religio”
Henry VIII
King of England,
1509-1547
portrait by Holbein
The Wives of
Henry VIII
#1, Catherine of
Aragon: mother to
“Bloody Mary”
(born 1516)
#2, Anne Boleyn:
mother to Elizabeth
(born 1533)
#3, Jane Seymour:
mother to Prince
Edward
(born 1537)
Thomas Cromwell and Archbishop Thomas Cranmer
prepare the way for the Act of Supremacy
Thomas More at the height
of his power (1530)…
… and his execution (1535)
Mary Tudor
(a.k.a. “Bloody Mary”)
Queen of England, 15531558
Wife of Philip of Spain,
1554-1558
From Foxe’s Book of Martyrs: burning
From Foxe’s Book of Martyrs: the rack
Elizabeth I
Queen of England,
1558-1603
Book of Common Prayer
(1559 edition)
Gaspard de Coligny
(1519-1572)
French admiral and
advocate of the Huguenot
(Calvinist) cause
The St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre (Paris, August 1572)
Henry IV
King of France,
1589-1610
The Edict of Nantes (1598)