The Skeletal System
Functions of the Skeleton
• Support
• Allows movement
• Protection
Joints
• This is where two or more bones meet.
• Most joints allow movement to take place.
• Types of Joints:
1. Fixed / immovable
2. Synovial / freely moveable
3. Gliding joint
1. Fixed joints/ Immovable
Where there is no movement between bones –skull.
2. Freely moveable or synovial joints
which are of two types:
• Ball and socket joints which allows movement
in all directions – shoulders and hips.
• Hinge joints which allows movement in one
direction only – elbow and knee
Cartilage – protects ends of bones and reduces
friction in the joint.
Synovial fluid – lubricate the joint and allows joint to
move more freely.
3. Gliding Joint
• The bones side across each other
• Example: Wrist
• (no diagram needed)
Tendons and Ligaments
• Tendons – connect muscle to bone.
• Ligaments – connect bone to bone.
Tendons – connect muscle to bone
Ligaments – connect bone to bone.
Muscles
• Muscles are protein structures that can
contract.
• They cause bone to move.
Antagonistic Muscles
• Pairs of muscles which pull in opposite
directions to bring about movement – biceps
and triceps in arm.
Watch the muscles….
Watch the muscles….
Watch the muscles….
Watch the muscles….