Joint Crediting in Palau to Improve Returns
on Investment in Waste-to-Energy Systems
Island Energy Transitions: Pathways for Accelerated
Uptake of Renewables,
Martinique, June 22-24, 2015
Shiko Hayashi
Programme Manager, Sustainable Cities Group
Basic Concept of the JCM
 Facilitating diffusion of leading low carbon technologies, products, systems,
services, and infrastructure as well as implementation of mitigation actions, and
contributing to sustainable development of developing countries.
 Appropriately evaluating contributions from Japan to GHG emission reductions or
removals in a quantitative manner, by applying measurement, reporting and
verification (MRV) methodologies, and use them to achieve Japan’s emission
reduction target.
 Contributing to the ultimate objective of the UNFCCC by facilitating global actions
for GHG emission reductions or removals, complementing the CDM.
JAPAN
Leading low carbon technologies,
etc, and implementation of
mitigation actions
MRV Methodologies
will be developed
by the Joint Committee
Used to achieve
Japan’s emission
reduction target
Credits
Host
Country
JCM
Projects
MRV
GHG emission
reductions/
removals
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JCM Partner Countries
 Japan has held consultations for the JCM with developing countries since 2011 and has
established the JCM with Mongolia, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Kenya, Maldives, Viet Nam,
Lao PDR, Indonesia, Costa Rica, Palau, Cambodia, Mexico, Saudi Arabia and Chile.
Mongolia
Jan. 8, 2013
（Ulaanbaatar）
Lao PDR
Aug. 7, 2013
(Vientiane)
Saudi Arabia
May 13, 2015
Bangladesh
Mar. 19, 2013
(Dhaka)
Indonesia
Aug. 26, 2013
(Jakarta)
Chile
May 26, 2015
(Santiago)
Ethiopia
May 27, 2013
(Addis Ababa)
Kenya
Jun. 12,2013
(Nairobi)
Maldives
Jun. 29, 2013
(Okinawa)
Viet Nam
Jul. 2, 2013
(Hanoi)
Costa Rica
Dec. 9, 2013
(Tokyo)
Palau
Jan. 13, 2014
(Ngerulmud)
Cambodia
Apr. 11, 2014
(Phnom Penh)
Mexico
Jul. 25, 2014
(Mexico City)
 Three (3) JCM projects have been registered between
Indonesia and Japan and one (1) JCM project has
been registered between Palau and Japan.
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Scheme of the JCM
Host Country
Japan
Joint Committee
Government
• Issuance of credits
•Notifies
(Secretariat)
registration
of projects • Development/revision of
the rules, guidelines and
methodologies
•Reports
• Registration of projects
issuance of • Discusses the
credits
implementation of JCM
•Notifies
registration
of projects
Government
•Reports
issuance of
credits
• Issuance of credits
Conduct policy consultations
•Request registration
•Request
of projects
issuance
of credits
•Submit PDD
•Submit PDD
/monitoring
/monitoring
report
Project Participants
Third party entities report
Project Participants
•Request
issuance
of credits
•Request registration
of projects
• Implementation &
• Validation of
monitoring of projects •Inform
projects
• Verification of
results of
validation
amount of GHG
/verification emission reductions
or removals
•Inform
results of
validation
/verification
• Implementation &
monitoring of projects
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Financing Programme for JCM Model Projects by MOE
The draft budget for FY 2015
2.4 billion JPY (approx. USD24
million) per year by FY2017
(total 7.2 billion JPY)
Finance part of an
investment cost
(up to the half)
※Budget will be fixed after
approval by the Parliament
Government of
Japan
Conduct MRV and expected
to deliver at least half of JCM
credits issued
International consortiums
(which include Japanese entities)
 Scope of the financing: facilities, equipment, vehicles, etc. which reduce CO2 from
fossil fuel combustion as well as construction cost for installing those facilities, etc.
 Eligible Projects : starting installation after the adoption of the financing and
finishing installation within three years.
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Capacity Building Programmes & Feasibility Studies by MOE
Capacity Building Programmes
Activities
Region
Asia, Africa, Latin America, and Small Island
countries
Scope
Consultations, workshops, seminars, training
courses and study tours, etc.
Target
Facilitating understanding on the JCM rules
and guidelines, enhancing capacities for
implementing MRV
Government officials, private sectors, candidate
for validation & verification entities, local
institutes and NGOs
Feasibility Studies
Objective
Elaborating investment plan on JCM projects, developing MRV methodologies and
investigating feasibility on potential JCM projects,
Type of studies
JCM Project Planning Study (PS)
JCM Feasibility Study (FS)
Large Scale JCM Feasibility Study
To develop a JCM Project in the next fiscal year
To survey feasibility of potential JCM projects
To survey feasibility of potential large scale JCM
projects including city level cooperation
Reports
Available at GEC (Global Environment Centre Foundation ) website <URL: http://gec.jp >
Outreach
New Mechanisms Information Platform website provides the latest
information on the JCM <URL: http://www.mmechanisms.org/e/index.html>
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JCM Financing programs in 2013 and 2014 by MOEJ
Mongolia:
○Upgrading and Installation of Centralized
Control System of High-Efficiency Heat Only
Boiler (HOB)
Viet Nam:
◆Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Waste for Biogas Utilization
at Market
◆Eco-driving with the Use of Digital Tachographs
◆ Introduction of amorphous high efficiency transformers in
power distribution systems
Bangladesh:
◆Energy Saving for Air
Conditioning & Facility
Cooling by High Efficiency
Centrifugal Chiller (Suburbs
of Dhaka)
Palau：
○Small-Scale Solar
Solar Power
Power Plant
Plant for
for Commercial
Commercial Facilities
Facilities in
in Island
Island
○Small-Scale
States Project
Project
States
◆Small-Scale Solar
Solar Power
Power Plants
Plants for
for Commercial
Commercial Facilities
Facilities Project
Project IIII
◆Small-Scale
◆Solar
PV
System
for
Schools
Project
◆Solar PV System for Schools Project
Indonesia:
○Energy Saving for Air-Conditioning and Process Cooling at
Kenya:
Textile Factory (in Batang city)
◆Solar Diesel
Savings at Convenience Stores
○Energy
Abatement
○Energy Efficient Refrigerants to Cold Chain Industry
Projects
○Energy Saving by Double Bundle-Type Heat Pump at Beverage
Plant
○Energy Saving for Air-Conditioning and Process Cooling at
Maldives:
Textile Factory
◆Solar Power on Rooftop of School
◆Power Generation by Waste Heat Recovery in Cement Industry
Building Project
◆Solar Power Hybrid System Installation to Existing Base
■Smart Micro-Grid system for POISED
Transceiver Stations in Off-grid Area
Project in Addu Atoll
◆Energy Saving through Introduction of Regenerative Burners to
the Aluminum Holding Furnace of the Automotive Components
Malaysia:
Manufacturer
◆PV power generation and relevant
◆Energy Saving for Textile Factory Facility Cooling by High
monitoring system for the office building
Efficiency Centrifugal Chiller
* Renewable energy related projects are highlighted in yellow ◆Introduction of high efficient Old Corrugated Cartons Process
at Paper Factory
○Model project in FY 2013 (3 countries, 7 projects)
◆Reducing GHG emission at textile factories by upgrading to air◆Model project in FY 2014 (7 countries, 15 projects)
saving loom
■ADB project in FY 2014(1 country, 1 project)
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Comprehensive Resource Circulation System Plan
for Sustainable Future in Republic of Palau
AMITA Institute for Sustainable Economies (AISE)
©AMITA Institute for Sustainable Economies Co.,Ltd.
Republic of Palau
Land Area : 488k㎡
Population : 20,000
Republic of Palau
Major Issues of Palau - Background of the Proposal
Waste problem
Energy security
Food security
Environmental conservation
Tourism promotion
©AMITA Institute for Sustainable Economies Co.,Ltd.
Composition and Recycling Potential of Solid Waste
Total amount of collected waste to M-dock landfill site
（Estimated from the result of waste weight measurement survey at M-dock landfill）
16t/day
Food waste
Plastic, Paper, Fiber
3.3t/day
7.0t/day
Potential capacity of disposal
Total 10.3t
(Estimated from waste composition
survey)
＋
Condensed
sewage
sludge
Recycled Solid Fuel
System
3t
Biogas System
Totally 70% of waste could be recycled though biogas and solid fuel project.
Biogas Related Technologies
OUTPUT
Biogas → Electricity
Digestion → Fertilizer
INPUT
Blending organic waste
with high moisture content
Swage sludge
Food waste
Power
generator
Biogas plant
Animal manure
Biogas
Waste Grass
Fertilizer
Waste
separation
Agriculture
Methane fermentation
technology
Food
Energy Crop
©AMITA Institute for Sustainable Economies Co.,Ltd.
Recycled Solid Fuel Related Technologies (1)
INPUT
Waste with low moisture content
Plastic
Characteristics of the Fuel
30-70% (PVC is not acceptable)
Paper
Yard waste
wood
Textile
 Stable calorie
 Stable combustion
 Minimal harmful emission
70-30%
 Compact
 Easy to handle
 High storability
OUTPUT
Shredder
Pelletizer
Solid Fuel
Compact plant
Pellet type fuel
Boiler
Dedicated boiler
Absorption
chiller
Use of hot water
Alternative to fossil fuel
©AMITA Institute for Sustainable Economies Co.,Ltd.
Proposed Business Scheme
Development of legal system
JCM Agreement
* For Biogas business
National
Gov.
PPUC
Investment
Long-term
Agreement*
(Sludge, Electricity)
Japanese
Gov.
Long-term
Agreement
Max. 50% Subsidy
for Initial Cost
Investment
Joint
company
State
Gov.
Entrustment of
Operation
* The proposed business
scheme is subject to further
consideration and discussion
with relevant stakeholders.
 Operation &
Maintenance
 MRV monitoring
(grow energy plant)
Recycled solid
fuel user
 Cooperating to
MRV monitoring
JCM
Application
Investment
Technical
Support
 Project
management
 Support for MRV
monitoring and
reporting
 Accounting and
delivering credit
Forming international consortium
©AMITA Institute for Sustainable Economies Co.,Ltd.
Estimation of Benefits for Palau
Reduction of waste
 Potential of 70% reduction
 Prolonging the landfill life
 Reducing the impact for water environment
Recycling all of the swage sludge
 100% of condensed sludge
 Reducing the environmental risk
Saving landfill cost
 $120,000/year
Energy generation
 Equivalent to 3.8% of total electricity consumption in Palau
 Raising national energy security
©AMITA Institute for Sustainable Economies Co.,Ltd.
Thank you for your kind
attention!
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