1.
2.
3.
Explain How does conjugation produce genetic
diversity in a population of Paramecium
Compare and Contrast How does a macronucleus
differ in function from a micronucleus
Compare and Contrast Compare asexual and
sexual processes in paramecium- include the
terms mitosis and meiosis
CH 21 PROTISTS AND FUNGI
21.2 Protist Structure and Function
How Protists Move



Change their cell shape
Specialized organelles
Do not actively move.
Amoeboid Movement


Move by changing their shape
Pseudopods
 Use

of cytoplasmic projections
Powered by a cytoskeletal protein- actin.
Cilia and Flagella

Cilia
 Short
and numerous
 Move like oars on a boat
 Ciliates.
Cilia and Flagella

Flagella
 Long
and usually one or two long
 Spin or a wavelike motion from base to tip
 Flagellates.
Passive Movement


Depend on air or water currents and other
organisms to carry them around
Spores
 Reproductive
cells that can enter the cells of other
organisms and live as parasites.
Protist Reproduction


Asexually by mitosis
Combine asexual and sexual forms of
reproduction.
Cell Division



Many use mitosis
Allows rapid reproduction
Produces genetically identical cell, which limits the
genetic diversity.
Conjugation



Two organisms exchange genetic material
Not a type of reproduction because no new
individuals are formed
Sexual process because new combinations of
genetic information are produced.

Macronucleus


Multiple copies of genes
the cell uses in its day-today activities
Micronucleus

“Reserve copy” of every
gene in the cell.
Alternation of Generations

Alternate between a diploid and a haploid phase.

Water molds grow into long branching filaments.

Sporangium
 Structure
that produces spores asexually.


Reproduce sexually by meiosis and form male and
female structures
Haploid nuclei fuse during fertilization, forms a
zygote and begins a new life cycle.