Phylum Chordata, Notes Packet 2
Class Aves (Birds) Chapter 21

Bird Characteristics:
Adaptations for
A high
Endothermic ( )
Lack
Similarities between birds and reptiles
~
Orders are divided according to

Feathers
Covering of feathers on a bird is called
Feathers also have roles in .
Birds
.
Mature feathers receive

Birds have 3 types of feathers:
Contour-
Down-
Filoplum-(pinfeathers)
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Skeleton
Bones of most birds are
Some bones have large
Birds have a reduced number of
The demand for
Furcula ( ):
Paired clavicles

Flight
Wings of birds are adapted for
Bird wings form an
Anterior margin of wing is
Upper surface of the wing is slightly
The tail of a bird serves a variety of


Nutrition and Digestion
Bird Bills and Tongues are

Reproduction & Development
All birds are
Many birds establish a territory prior to
Mating may follow the attraction of a mate to a territory:
Male woodpeckers drum on trees to attract females
Cranes have a courtship dance that includes
Most birds are
Some birds are meaning the
A few bird species are meaning

Nest construction usually begins after pair formation, but some birds do not make nests.
(Example: Emperor penguins, the nest is the webbed foot of the father!)

Reproduction & Development
Group of eggs laid and chicks produced by a female is called a
Adults of some species sprinkle eggs with water to cool and humidify them!
One or two days before hatching, the young bird penetrates an air sac at eh blunt end of its egg, inflates its lungs, and begins
Altricia l:
Perocial : , usually covered in

Migration
Migration:
Most migrations are annual and allow birds to avoid climatic extremes and to secure adequate food, shelter, and space throughout the year.
Birds use two forms of navigation:
Route-based navigation
Location-based navigation