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Respiratory System Notes
A. Describe the purpose of the respiratory system
1.
2.
B. List & Describe the structures of the respiratory system
1.
Nostrils:
 Also called nares
i. Paired, external openings
1. Separated by nasal septum
 Dilatable
1. a. Species Differences
a. i Horse--Very Pliable and Dilatable
b. ii. Pig--Rigid
2.
Nasal Cavities
3.
Pharynx
4. Larynx
 "Voice Box"
 Organ of Phonation (Sound Production)
 Sound produced by controlled passage of air which causes vibration of vocal chords
Syrinx:
 Voice Box for Birds
 Located where trachea divides from bronchi
 Vibrating Muscles
5. Trachea
 Primary passage way to Lungs
 Cartilage Rings prevent collapse of airway
6. Alveoli
7. Lungs
 Principle Organ of Respiratory System
 Paired, found in Thorax
i. a. Thorax expansion causes Lung expansion
C. Describe the respiratory cycle, frequency, and factors that effect respiration in animals
Respiratory Cycle:
1. Inspiration
A.
B.
C. Diaphragm pulls down creating negative air pressure
2. Expiration
A.
B. Contains mostly Carbon Dioxide
C.
Factors that affect Respiration
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.