INDOOR AIR QUALITY, NOISE EXPOSURE & WORKPLACE
LIGHT INTENSITY MONITORING IN PORT OF PUTERI
HARBOUR FERRY TERMINAL (PoPTFPH), NUSAJAYA, JOHOR
MOHD RUHAIZIE RIYADZI (2010282848)
BACKGROUND
RESULT
Port of Puteri Harbour Ferry Terminal is a latest international sea-mode public
transportation hub in Johor Bahru, Johor (GPS: 1.413866, 103.660329) . It links Johor
Bahru with Batam and Tanjung Balai Karimun, both in Indonesia. Soon the terminal will
receive calls from Singapore’s ferry. Officially operated since May 8, 2013, this terminal has
already received 16,217 passengers until the end of year 2013 and 9,765 passengers for
the first half of Visit Malaysia Year (VMY) 2014. This terminal is operated by UEM Sunrise
Berhad, while the ferries are operated by Ridaa Associates Sdn. Bhd. To ease the
operation of the terminal, several government agencies are also positioned here including
Port Health Office of Puteri Harbour (Ministry of Health Malaysia). Total number of staffs for
all parties is 63 people (until December 1, 2014 )
Since operation started, several incidents and near-misses have been reported to the
Facility Management and/or Emergency Response Team with copy created to the attention
of Port Health Office of Puteri Harbour.
Location
Finding
S
Light intensity: 4.186 foot candle
C
TVOC: 0.21 ppm; CO2: 587 ppm; O3: 0.00 ppm; CO: 0.8 ppm;
Temperature: 29.6 ⁰C; Relative humidity: 57.5%; Air Speed: 0.00 m/s;
Wet Bulb Temperature: 23.1 ⁰C; PM10: 0.012 mg/kg
J(*)
TVOC: 15.56 ppm; CO2: 548 ppm; O3: 0.02 ppm; CO: 3.4 ppm;
Temperature: 28.7 ⁰C; Relative humidity: 78.1%; Air Speed: 0.52 m/s;
Wet Bulb Temperature: 25.6 ⁰C; PM10: 0.095 mg/kg
Leq: 92.9 dB(A); Lmax: 102.6 dB(A); and Lmin: 81.1 dB(A)
Q
TVOC: 1.99 ppm; CO2: 637 ppm; O3: 0.00 ppm; CO: 0.3 ppm;
Temperature: 25.3 ⁰C; Relative humidity: 57.3%; Air Speed: 0.06 m/s;
Wet Bulb Temperature: 19.4 ⁰C; PM10: 0.015 mg/kg
L
TVOC: 0.00 ppm; CO2: 597 ppm; O3: 0.00 ppm; CO: 0.0 ppm;
Temperature: 27.9 ⁰C; Relative humidity: 58.2%; Air Speed: 0.00 m/s;
Wet Bulb Temperature: 21.7 ⁰C; PM10: 0.026 mg/kg
Leq: 68.7.1 dB(A); Lmax: 89.2 dB(A); and Lmin: 62.7 dB(A)
Light intensity: 37.624 foot candle
T(*)
D
TVOC: 1.50 ppm; CO2: 561 ppm; O3: 0.00 ppm; CO: 0.0 ppm;
Temperature: 25.9 ⁰C; Relative humidity: 58.1%; Air Speed: 0.13 m/s;
Wet Bulb Temperature: 20.0⁰C; PM10: 0.028 mg/kg
Leq: 71.7 dB(A); Lmax: 88.4 dB(A); and Lmin: 63.8 dB(A)
TVOC: 1.01 ppm; CO2: 639 ppm; O3: 0.00 ppm; CO: 0.1 ppm;
Temperature: 27.9 ⁰C; Relative humidity: 63.2%; Air Speed: 0.00 m/s;
Wet Bulb Temperature: 22.6⁰C; PM10: 0.028 mg/kg
Figure – 1
Number of incidents and near-misses in PoPHTF reported to the Facility
Management and/or Emergency Response Team, with copy created to Port Health Office
of Puteri Harbour
Table – 2
Risk ratio (R.R) based on Figure – 1 and the formula of risk rating (DOSH Malaysia, 2008):
Time weighted average for 8 hours (TWA8hrs) calculation for indoor air quality
parameters only (Patrick N.B. & Peter S.J.L, 2006):
1)Sick building syndrome
2)Fall due to imbalance body posture and condition at jetty
3)Complaint on discomfort condition
4)Main stairs false-step due to low light intensity
5)Improper infectious disease patient mismanagement
= 5 x 2 = 10
=3x2=6
=3x2=6
=2x1=2
=2x1=2
OBJECTIVES
1)To measure the quality of indoor air quality, noise exposure and workplace light intensity
in PoPHTF
2)To analyze the compliance of the finding with law requirement
3)To suggest appropriate prevention and control measures
The formula:
Therefore,
Result from the measurement done. (*) - ambient air quality.
TWA8hrs
TWA8hrs TVOC
TWA8hrs CO2
TWA8hrs O3
TWA8hrs CO
TWA8hrs PM10
= (∑n,i=1 C1T1)/(∑n,i=1 Ti)
= 3.21 ppmhrs/4 hrs
= 2460 ppmhrs/4 hrs
= 0.00 ppmhrs/4 hrs
= 1.2 ppmhrs/ 4 hrs
= 0.081 mg/kg(hrs)/4 hrs
= 0.80 ppm
= 615 ppm
= 0.00 ppm
= 0.3 ppm
= 0.020 mg/kg
DISCUSSION AND RECOMMENDATION
1) From the TWA8hrs calculations, none of the indoor air quality exceed the limit in
Industry Code of Practice Indoor Air Quality 2010. Therefore further investigation
on the prevalence SBS among the staff is recommended.
2) As ambient air quality requires longer measurement on most of it parameters
(Malaysian Ambient Air Quality Guideline, DOE), only ozone and carbon
monoxide could be compared with the standard as both requires 1 hour
measurement (each at 0.10 ppm and 30.0 ppm). The concentration of both in the
sampling locations (jetty and taxi zone) are lower than the guideline limit.
Photo 1
Monitoring at the jetty
near MV Elugco Express
99 berthing site
Photo 2
Monitoring in the Departure
Hall near Immigration
Station
Photo 3
Setting the
equipment in
Quarantine Room
Photo 4
Monitoring in the lobby
(ticketing counter)
METHODOLOGY
Walkthrough inspection is done on December 8, 2014 and sampling is done a day after.
For each sampling point:
1)Indoor/outdoor air quality: 1 hour measurement, data-logging every 2 minutes & time
constant 3 seconds using TSITM DustTrak DRX model 8534 (set to Zero Calibration using
Zero Filter before each sampling) and HP iPAQ 210 Pocket PC with GrayWolf®
DirectSense® Air AS-201 Air Velocity Meter Probe and GrayWolf® DirectSense® IAQ IQ610 Indoor Air Quality Probe
2)Noise exposure: 1 hour measurement using Sound Level Meter TENSMAR TM-101.
Data note down manually every 15 minutes for Leq, Lmax & Lmin . Then calculate the average
Leq
3)Light intensity: Reading done in 5 minutes using Center 337 Mini Lightmeter., wait until
the reading is stable and the press HOLD button. Note down manually the value appear
on the screen. Repeat sampling for total 3 times. Calculate the average of light intensity.
Sampling Point (Location)
Abbr.
IAQ
Noise
Light
Time
Main Stairs
S
-
-
√
0845 hrs
Corridor (Mezanine Level)
C
√
-
-
0910 hrs
Quarantine Room
Q
√
-
-
1120 hrs
Lobby (Ticketing Counter)
L
√
√
√
1330 hrs
Taxi Zone
T
√ (*)
√
-
1440 hrs
Departure Hall
D
√
-
-
1600 hrs
Table – 1
time.
List of sampling point , abbreviation according to parameters and starting
(*) - ambient air quality.
3) It is found that the fall due to imbalance body posture and condition at jetty
marked the R.R at 6. However based on the interview conducted, it is found that
this imbalance situation occurred when the wave struck harder due to the current
movement under the water and other vessel sailing nearby. Holding at the fix
handle (pole) or not stand on the jetty while the situation occurred is
recommended.
4) Light intensity of the meant sampling locations are below the standard as
stipulated in the Second Schedule, Factory and Machinery (Safety, Health &
Welfare) Regulations 1970. It is recommended that the facility management to
install adequate light-source in the meant area, else making a regular cleaning
to wipe off dirt and dust from the related lighting devices.
5) All of the Leq for 1 hour exposure may not exceed the standard set in
Subregulation 5(1), Factory and Machinery (Noise Exposure) Regulations 1989.
However, at the jetty, when the ferry is at berth, the Leq are above the action level
(85 dB(A)). It is recommended that the ferry needs to switched-off the engine
while waiting another trip of passengers to be on board; the jetty crew is not
encouraged to be near the vessel if not necessary; and if they should approach
the vessel during the engine is on, they’re should be supplied and trained to use
the appropriate hearing protection gear.
6) All medical tourist with infectious disease presentation must apply infection
prevention and control measures as per nature of the disease communicability
during the voyage until fetched by the ambulance and transferred to the hospital.
REFERENCES
1)Factory and Machinery Act 1967 and regulations made under the Act.
2)Guidelines for Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Risk Control (HIRARC).
Department of Occupational Safety & Health Malaysia.
3)Industry Code of Practice Indoor Air Quality 2010. Department of Occupational
Safety & Health Malaysia.
4)Malaysian Ambient Air Quality Guidelines. Department of Environment. Retrieved
from
http://apims.doe.gov.my/apims/General%20Info%20of%20Air%20Pollutant
%20Index.pdf
5)Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 and regulations made under the Act.
6)Patrick N.B. & Peter S.J.L (2005). Industrial Hygiene Concepts. The John Hopkins
University.
Retrieved from webpage address http://ocw.jhsph.edu/courses/
PrinciplesIndustrialHygiene/PDFs/Lecture3.pdf