Unix/Linux – Windows
Internetworking
By
Deanna La Fave
Raymond Kwan
Dennis J. Wong
CIS 454 Local Area Network
Professor M. Ganesan
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Presentation Outline
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Ice Breaker
Unix Overview
Linux’s Strength
Major Distributions of Linux
Samba
Practical Customization of Samba on a Linux
Server
Setting Up SWAT to Remotely Configure
Samba on a Windows Client
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What’s Behind The Movie
“Titanic”?
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Computing Power!
350 SGI systems running IRIX6 (Already
over budget!)
 200 Alpha system, 105 Running RedHat
Linux 4.1 (Saved a lot!); 55 on NT 4;
Reminding used Digital Unix 4.
 5TB (About 5,000GB) Hard Disk Capacity
 100Mbps Ethernet
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NFS Connects IRIX and Linux
 Samba Connects NT and Linux
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What Did Linux Contribute
to the Movie “Titanic”?
Simulation and Rendering Processing
 3.5 times faster than SGI systems
 Running 24 hours a day, never stopped
for 3 months to finish the special effects
in the film.
 Linux’s commercial potential catches
attention!
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UNIX
First developed in 1969 by Ken
Thompson and Dennis Ritchie at Bell
Labs.
 1977 SCO Unix
 1983 Sun OS
 1986 IBM AIX
 1991 Linux
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Linux Overview
A free Unix-type OS
 Created by Linus Torvalds at University
of Helsiniki in Finland
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1991 development began
 1994 Linux Kernel 1.0 released
 1999 Version 2.2 (current version)
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Currently estimated 12 million users.
Source: http://counter.li.org/
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Linux’s Strengths
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Multi-platform
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Intel
Sparc
Alpha
Mac/Power PC
Multi-user
 Multi-tasking
 Built on Open Standards
 Reliable
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Linux’s Strengths (cont.)
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Lowers cost of both desktop and server
compared to traditional Unix and Microsoft
OS.
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Low resource requirements
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Intel 386 compatible or better
2MB Ram
10MB hard disk space
No licensing headache
Compare for yourself
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http://www.linuxrx.com/WS_Linux/OS_comparison
.html
Source: http://howto.tucows.com/LDP/FAQ/Linux-FAQ.html
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Server Market Share
Linux
MS Windows NT
Novell NetWare
Unix (all versions)
Other
1998
16%
38%
23%
19%
1999
25%
38%
19%
15%
4%
3%
Source: Morris, John. “Linux at Large.” PC Magazine, April
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2000: 75.
Distributions of Linux
There are various distributors of Linux.
 A few major Distributors are:
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Caldera Linux www.calderasystems.com
 Corel Linux  www.linux.corel.com
 Mandrake Linux www.linuxmandrake.com
 RedHat Linux www.redhat.com
 SuSE Linux  www.suse.com
 TurboLinux  www.turbolinux.com
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Caldera Linux
Caldera OpenLinux is a multi-tasking, multiuser operating system that gives you the
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power and reliability of UNIX.
 OpenLinux is Caldera's "distribution"
 OpenLinux is ideal for small, medium, and
large companies needs to optimize how much
they want to spent on existing systems,
hardware, & training
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Corel Linux
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Good Features of Corel:
Easy installation of software
 Allows dual boot system
 Friendly drag and drop design
 Easily used to share Windows files
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Mandrake Linux
An enhanced version of RedHat Linux
 It has a powerful Graphical Desktop
 Comes with Apache Web Server,
Netscape Communicator, and various
other software
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RedHat Linux
Made for ease of use and installation.
 Configures TCP/IP for you.
 The new packaging system is made to
allow upgrading to new Red Hat
releases without reinstalling your
system.
 No partitioning or backing up all your
files needed for upgrading.
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SuSE Linux
Made for users of all Levels, novice expert
 Allows users to configure the system for
fine tuning their system
 Supports the newest high end Graphic
Card
 German version available
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TurboLinux
Very popular in Asia
 Geared towards corporate needs as well
as the home desktop.
 Available in English, Japanese, and
Chinese
 Contains powerful desktop applications
such as StarOffice and Netscape.
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Created in 1991 by Andrew Tridgell of
Australian National University by reverse
engineering the SMB protocol.
 Is an open source software suite available for
use to anyone under the GNU General Public
License.
 Facilitates UNIX file system and printer
sharing with Windows and LAN Manager
clients
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1991-1992 Versions .5 and 1.0 are released.
1992 Dan Shearer contacts Tridgell about a
Linux Port.
1993 NetBios for Unix is announced.
1994 smbserver 1.6 is released and soon
renamed SAMBA.
1997 Samba for Windows NT domain started.
1999 Samba 2.0 is released.
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Tridgell finishes his Phd Thesis and gets a job with
Linuxcare.
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Samba enables interoperability between
Linux/Unix and Windows.
 Samba runs on:
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Linux
Solaris
IRIX
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The main o/s for Silicon Graphics workstations and
servers. It incorporates Unix System V functionality.
HPUX
Almost all other versions of Unix
Accessing files from Linux/Unix looks exactly
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like you are accessing an NT server.
Samba and Windows
Windows NT OS uses a layered architecture
with partitioned user and kernel modes
similar to those of UNIX.
 NETBIOS – over – TCP/IP (NetBT) is used by
Samba to share UNIX resources with
Windows clients
 SMB AND CIFS are NetBT based protocols.
Samba is an implementation of CIFS version
1.0
 Windows 2000 uses Kerberos 5.0 for network
authentication.
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Who uses Samba?
Cisco
 Bank of America
 Hewlett Packard
 Johnson and Johnson
 British Petroleum
 Solomon Smith Barney (Citibank’s
Investment Brokerage Division)
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Source: http://www.valinux.com/software/samba.html
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SMB PROTOCOL
Created in 1987 as a joint venture between
Microsoft and Intel
 Four types of operations:
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1) Session commands: used to set up a virtual
circuit and validate access.
2) File commands: permits an application to operate
on files.
3) Printer commands: permits an application to
spool jobs to remote printers.
4) Message commands: provide a means for
passing alert, control, and informational messages
between the consumer and server applications
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CIFS
Common Internet File System
In 1997 Microsoft submitted CIFS
specification to IETF.
 Is an enhanced version of SMB
protocol.
 Way to share resources between
multiple operating system platforms
across the Internet.
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Kerberos Ticket Exchange
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Source: Samba Unix & NT
Internetworking
Presetting before Customization
of Samba on a Linux File Server
Samba installed as one of the packages
when installing Linux
 Setup network on Linux
 Setup a local printer for sharing
 Log into X Windows as root using KDE
(Recommended)
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Practical Customization of
Samba on a Linux File Server
Focus on modifying system file
/etc/smb.conf
 Setup proper guest accounts on server
 Setup Windows clients (Win 95, Win98,
Win NT, etc.)
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Our configurations are base on Mandrake Linux 6.0.
Configurations for other distributions may vary.
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Modifying smb.conf
Open system file /etc/smb.conf
 Add/change or uncomment the
following on Global Settings
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workgroup = my_workgroup_name
 guest account = pcguest
 security = user
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Modifying smb.conf (Cont.)
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Add or uncomment these items on
Share Difinitions:
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[homes]
comment = Home Directories
 browseable = yes
 writable = yes
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[tmp]
comment = Temporary file space
 path = /tmp
 read only = no
 public = yes
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Reloading Samba
Save changes to smb.conf
 No need to reboot the computer
 Reloading Samba using Unix command
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samba stop
 samba start
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Setting Up PC Clients
on Linux Sever
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Open User Manager
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Add PC User(s)
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Add names (first character must be upper case to
make it work, Linux is case sensitive)
Setup password
Primary Group: Guest
Add New User(s) to Guest Group
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System  User Manger (at KDE)
Open Guest Group Properties
Add new user(s) to the guest group
Save All Changes
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Accessing Linux File Server
from a PC Client
Login on a PC Client using a guest ID
and password preset at Linux server
 Open Network Neighborhood
 The Linux server should show up as it
were in a NT network
 Shared Resources Shown
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Printer(s)
 Public folder – [tmp]
 Private folders [homes] [client-name]
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Setting Up SWAT at
Linux File Server
SWAT – Samba Web Administration Tool
 Open /etc/inetd.conf
 Add or uncomment this line:
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Swat stream tcp nowait.400
root /usr/local/samba/sbin/swat swat
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Configure Samba Using
SWAT at a PC Client
Logon to a PC Client
 Open a web browser
 Enter URL: http://localhost:901
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(replace “localhost” with actual host name)
Login as root on the popup Window
 Make any changes or check status of
Samba using SWAT’s graphical interface
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Resouces
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Derosest, James W. “Samba - Unix & NT Internetworking”. McGrawHill Companies, 2000.
Carter, Gernald & Sharpe, Richard. “Teach Yourself Samba in 24 Hours.”
Sams, 1999.
Hertel, Christopher and Leighton, Luke. “The Story of Samba: Linux's
Stealth Weapon.” <http://www.linux-mag.com/1999-09/samba_01.html>
http://www.linux.org/
http://www.samba.org
http://linuxtoday.com/
http://www.andover.net/
http://www.linux-2000.org
http://www.nwc.com/1104/1104f3.html
http://faq.oreillynet.com/linux/FAQ_7_40.shtm
http://www.linux.org/info/advocacy.html
http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Haven/6087/
ttp://www.linuxlinks.com/local/why.shtml
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The End
Thank You for Your Time!
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