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• To identify elements and principles of
design.
• To apply the principles and elements in
design.
• To examine the impact of the element and
principles of design.
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Elements
Principles
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• Is the creation of a plan or convention for
the construction of an object or a system
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• Can be defined in any visual design or
work of art
• Act as the structure of an art work
• Can help to create a well balanced piece
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• Include:
– line
– shape/form
– space
– texture
– color
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• Refer to the continuous mark made on a
surface
• Are greater in length than width
• Indicate direction
• Can be:
– vertical
– horizontal
– curved
– diagonal
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• Provide a visual path for the eye
• Establish the framework of the design
• Can reflect certain emotional qualities and
convey a mood
• Are often more functional than decorative
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• Suggest dignity, discipline and strength
• Emphasize height
• Can give a piece the feeling of power and
strength
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• Suggest a sense of rest, relaxation
• Counteract vertical lines
• Can act as a dividing point
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• Break monotony of vertical and horizontal
lines
• Move the eye around a design, thus
creating a feeling of movement
• Create interest
• Can indicate depth
through perspective
Perspective is a view, outlook
or vista and the appearance of
depth in objects
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• Portray grace and youth
• Are more relaxed
and informal
• Can make a
design livelier
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• Is two-dimensional
– length
– width
• Is geometric
• Is organic
– free-flowing
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• Is three-dimensional
– length
– width
– depth
• Describes the mass and volume of an
object
• Can be viewed from all angles
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• Is the total area a person can see
• Around a shape/form is called negative
space
• Can create an illusion of depth
Fun Fact: Artists can create depth
by using overlapping, diminishing
scale, atmospheric perspective,
vertical placement, warm and cool
colors, diagonals and linear
perspective.
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• Refers to the unused portions of the page,
wall, canvas, etc.
• Can also be called “negative space” or
“blank space”
• Is the space between objects
• Keeps the piece from appearing busy or
cluttered
Fun Fact: White space does not have to be white.
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• Is surface quality or feel of an object
• Can be apparent (visual) or tactile (touch)
• Includes:
– rough
– smooth
– dull
– shiny
– soft
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• Is defined as light reflecting off objects
• Can have strong emotional and
psychological impact
• Includes:
– hue: name
– value: how light or dark
– intensity: how bright or dull
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• Is one of the main properties of color
• Allows color to be classified as red, green,
blue, etc.
• Refers to wavelength of visible light
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• Describes lightness or darkness of color
• Is needed to express volume
• Contrast separates objects in space
Volume is the size, bulk and
dimension of a particular object.
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• Can also be known as chroma or
saturation
• Is the brightness or dullness of color
• Describes the amount of light in an area
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Draw attention
Add visual stimuli
Can be warm like red, orange, yellow
Can be cool like blue, violet, green
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• Are a useful tool in determining which
colors to choose
• Aid in creating a variety of color schemes
• Are used to make the composition more
appealing to the viewer
Composition is the placement or arrangement of visual
elements
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• Help determine the following:
– complementary colors
• any two colors which are directly opposite each
other on the wheel
– analogous colors
• any three colors which
are side by side on a
12-part color wheel
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1. Which of the following correctly lists the elements of design?
A. Line, shape, rhythm, form, space
B. Line, shape/form, space, color, texture
C. Line, balance, shape/form, color, space
D. Line, proportion, form, shape, color
2. Which element can be described as the feel of the fabric
covering a couch or chair?
A. Rhythm
B. Shape/form
C. Texture
D. Color
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3. Colors opposite each other on the color wheel are considered
which of the following?
A. Complementary
B. Analogous
C. Triads
D. Split-complements
4. What do diagonal lines create in a design?
A. Suggest dignity, discipline and strength
B. Portray grace and youth
C. Can make the design appear taller
D. Create a feeling of movement
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5. Which of the following describes the hue of a color?
A. Describes the amount of light in an area
B. Refers to the wavelength of visible light
C. Describes lightness or darkness of a color
D. Describes the brightness or dullness of a color
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