18. The Eighteenth Century
Beth Celona
18th Century
Vocab1
Monarchs
War
Enlightenment
Average Life
100
100
100
100
100
200
200
200
200
200
300
300
300
300
300
400
400
400
400
400
500
500
500
500
500
100
Q. What are Natural Rights?
A: Inalterable priveledges that ought not to be
witheld from any person
200
Q. What is enlightened absolutism
A. When a ruler follows the advice of
philosophes and rules by using enlightened
principles
300
Q. What is the word for Prussian nobility
A. Junkers
400
Q. What is reason of state?
A. The basis that a ruler takes interest in the
long term future of their state
500
Q. What is the cottage system?
A. A system where entrepreneurs sold wool and
flax to rural workers to spin into clothes and
yarn.
100
Q. What characterized the 18th century British
political system?
A. A balance of power between the king and
parliament with parliament having the upper
hand
200
Q. Which king lost the American colonies?
A. King George III
300
Q. Frederick the Great of Prussia took a great
interest in what?
A. Military Affairs
400
Q. Pugachev’s failed rebellion led Catherine the
Great to do what?
A. Repress the peasants even more
500
Q. What is the Pragmatic Sanction and was it
successful?
A. Charles VI made European powers promise to
recognize his daughter Maria Theresa as his
successor. However, once he died they
ignored it.
100
Q. The destruction of Poland came from which
3 countries?
A. Austria, Russia, and Prussia
200
After the Treaty of Utrecht, who replaced
Spain as the dominant force in Italy?
A. Austria
300
What is the greatest conflict in the Seven Years
War known as?
A. The French and Indian War
400
Q. What did the composition of armies reflect?
A. The hierarchical structure of European
society
500
Q. Though there was an increase in armies,
there was not an increase in ____
A. Destruction of warfare
100
Q. What three monarchs were known for
enlightened absolutism?
A. Frederick II of Prussia, Catherine the Great of
Russia, and Joseph II of Austria
200
Q. Catherine the Great’s Charter of Nobility
formalized what rights?
A. Right to trial by peers and exemption from
personal taxation and corporal punishment
300
Q. What is primogeniture and how did the
enlightenment affect it?
A. The practice of treating the firstborn son as
the favorite. After the enlightenment, it
started to become less practiced.
400
Q. Philosophes regarded war as what?
A. A foolish waste of life and resources
500
Q. Who said, “I have made philosophy the
lawmaker of my empire?”
A. Joseph II
100
Q. After 1750, illegitimate birth rates did what?
A. Increased
200
Q. 18th century agriculture is characterized by
what?
A. and increase in food production
300
Q. A decrease in supplies to take care of
children led to high rates of what?
A. Infanticide
400
Q. Among working class families the
contribution of women and children were
what?
A. Crucial to family economy
500
Q. Marriage was based mostly around what?
A. Interests and what is best for the family