A&P II Exam 3
Russo
Name ____________________________________________________
Matching Questions
Figure 20.1
Using Figure 20.1, match the following:
1) Axillary node(s).
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 755; Fig. 20.2a
2) Cisterna chyli.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 755; Fig. 20.2a
3) Entrance of thoracic duct into subclavian vein.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 755; Fig. 20.2a
4) Thoracic duct.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 755; Fig. 20.2a
5) Lymphatic collecting vessels.
Answer: E
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 755; Fig. 20.2a
T/F
6) The lymphatic capillaries function to absorb the excess protein-containing interstitial
fluid and return it to the bloodstream.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 753-754
7) Lymph always flows away from the heart.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 753
8) Lymphatic capillaries are permeable to proteins.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 754
9) Digested fats are absorbed from the intestine by the lymph capillaries.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 754
10) Chyle is delivered to the blood via the lymphatic system.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 754
11) About 3 liters of fluid are lost to the tissue spaces every 24 hours and are returned to
the bloodstream as lymph.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 754
12) Because lymph vessels are very low-pressure conduits, movements of adjacent
tissues are important in propelling lymph through the lymphatics.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 754
Multiple Choice
13) Both lymph and venous blood flow are heavily dependent on ________.
A) the pumping action of the heart
B) skeletal muscle contractions and differences in thoracic pressures due to respiratory
movement
C) contraction of the vessels themselves
D) two-way valves
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 754
14) Which lymphatic structure drains lymph from the right upper limb and the right side
of the head and thorax?
A) lumbar trunk
B) thoracic duct
C) right lymphatic duct
D) cisterna chyli
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 754
15) The lymphatic capillaries are ________.
A) more permeable than blood capillaries
B) less permeable than blood capillaries
C) as permeable as blood capillaries
D) completely impermeable
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 753-754
16) Select the correct statement about lymph transport.
A) Under normal conditions, lymph vessels are very high-pressure conduits.
B) Lymph transport is faster than that occurring in veins.
C) Lymph transport is only necessary when illness causes tissue swelling.
D) Lymph transport depends on the movement of adjacent tissues, such as skeletal
muscles.
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 754
17) Lymph capillaries are absent in all but which of the following?
A) bones and teeth
B) bone marrow
C) CNS
D) digestive organs
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 753-754
18) Which of the following is not a method that maintains lymph flow?
A) skeletal muscle contraction
B) breathing
C) valves in lymph vessel walls
D) smooth muscle contraction
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 754
19) Which of the following is not a normal component of lymph?
A) water
B) plasma proteins
C) red blood cells
D) ions
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 753
20) Which of the following is not a function of the lymphatic system?
A) draining excess interstitial fluid
B) carrying out immune responses
C) transporting dietary fats
D) transporting respiratory gases
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 753
Figure 21.2
Using Figure 21.2, match the following:
21) Area where B cells become immunocompetent.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 778; Fig. 21.8
22) Area where T cells become immunocompetent.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 778; Fig. 21.8
23) Area where activated immunocompetent B and T cells recirculate.
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 778; Fig. 21.8
24) Area seeded by immunocompetent B and T cells.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 778; Fig. 21.8
25) Area where antigen challenge and clonal selection are most likely to occur.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 778; Fig. 21.8
Match the following:
A) Inflammatory response and skin and mucous membranes
B) Immune response
C) Inflammatory response
D) Intact skin and mucous membranes
26) First line of defense.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 767
27) Second line of defense.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 767
28) Third line of defense.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 767
29) Innate defense system.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 767; Fig. 21.1
30) Adaptive defense system.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 767
Answers: 26) D 27) C 28) B 29) A 30) B
T/F
31) The respiratory burst produced by some macrophages releases free radicals.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 768
32) The directional movement of cells in response to chemicals is called chemotaxis.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 773
33) Substances capable of triggering the adaptive immune system and provoking an
immune response are called antigens.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 776
34) Some immunocompetent cells will never be called to service in our lifetime.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 779
35) Adaptive immunity is provided only by lymphocytes that secrete antibodies.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 777
Multiple Choice
36) B lymphocytes develop immunocompetence in the ________.
A) thymus
B) spleen
C) bone marrow
D) lymph nodes
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 777
37) Which of the following is not a function of the inflammatory response?
A) prevents the spread of the injurious agent to nearby tissue
B) replaces injured tissues with connective tissue
C) disposes of cellular debris and pathogens
D) sets the stage for repair processes
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 769
38) The redness and heat of an inflamed area are due to a local hyperemia caused by
________.
A) vasodilation
B) vasoconstriction
C) phagocyte mobilization
D) production of complement and interferon
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 769-770
39) In clonal selection of B cells, which substance is responsible for determining which
cells will eventually become cloned?
A) antigen
B) interferon
C) antibody
D) complement
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 780
40) Which of the following statements regarding NK cells is a false or incorrect
statement?
A) NK cells are a type of neutrophil.
B) NK cells are present in the blood, spleen, lymph nodes, and red bone marrow.
C) NK cells attack cells that display abnormal MHC antigens.
D) NK cells attack cancer cells and virus-infected body cells.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 768-769
41) The process whereby neutrophils and other white blood cells are attracted to an
inflammatory site is called ________.
A) diapedesis
B) chemotaxis
C) margination
D) phagocytosis
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 773
42) Small molecules that bind with self-proteins to produce antigenic substances are
called ________.
A) haptens
B) antibodies
C) ions
D) reagins
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 776
43) Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in phagocytosis?
A) adherence, digestion, killing, ingestion, chemotaxis
B) chemotaxis, ingestion, digestion, adherence, killing
C) chemotaxis, adherence, ingestion, digestion, killing
D) ingestion, adherence, chemotaxis, digestion, killing
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 768; Fig. 21.2
Figure 22.2
Using Figure 22.2, match the following:
44) Tidal volume.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 825; Fig. 22.16
45) Inspiratory reserve volume.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 825; Fig. 22.16
46) Residual volume.
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 825; Fig. 22.16
47) Expiratory reserve volume.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 825; Fig. 22.16
48) Air that does not participate in the exchange of gases.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 825; Fig. 22.16
T/F
49) The lungs are perfused by two circulations: the pulmonary and the bronchial. The
pulmonary circulation is for oxygenation of blood. The bronchial circulation supplies
blood to the lung structures (tissue).
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 818
50) Intrapleural pressure is normally about 4 mm Hg less than the pressure in the alveoli.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 819
51) Smoking diminishes ciliary action and eventually destroys the cilia.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 813
52) Tracheal obstruction is life threatening.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 813
53) The average individual has 500 ml of residual volume in his lungs.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 824
54) Atelectasis (lung collapse) renders the lung useless for ventilation.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 820
55) The walls of the alveoli are composed of two types of cells, type I and type II. The
function of type II is to ________.
A) secrete surfactant
B) trap dust and other debris
C) replace mucus in the alveoli
D) protect the lungs from bacterial invasion
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 815
56) Complete the following statement using the choices below. Air moves out of the
lungs when the pressure inside the lungs is
A) less than the pressure in the atmosphere.
B) greater than the pressure in the atmosphere.
C) equal to the pressure in the atmosphere.
D) greater than the intra-alveolar pressure.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 820
57) Unlike inspiration, expiration is a passive act because no muscular contractions are
involved. Expiration, however, depends on two factors. Which of the choices below lists
those two factors?
A) the recoil of elastic fibers that were stretched during inspiration and the inward pull of
surface tension due to the film of alveolar fluid
B) the expansion of respiratory muscles that were contracted during inspiration and the
lack of surface tension on the alveolar wall
C) the negative feedback of expansion fibers used during inspiration and the outward pull
of surface tension due to surfactant
D) combined amount of CO2 in the blood and air in the alveoli
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 822
58) Which of the following maintains the patency (openness) of the trachea?
A) surface tension of water
B) surfactant
C) cartilage rings
D) pseudostratified ciliated epithelium
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 813
59) Intrapulmonary pressure is the ________.
A) pressure within the pleural cavity
B) pressure within the alveoli of the lungs
C) negative pressure in the intrapleural space
D) difference between atmospheric pressure and respiratory pressure
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 819
60) The relationship between the pressure and volume of gases is given by ________.
A) Boyle's law
B) Henry's law
C) Charles' law
D) Dalton's law
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 820
Xtra credit (1 point each)
1) Which of the choices below describes the forces that act to pull the lungs away from
the thorax wall and thus collapse the lungs?
A) the natural tendency for the lungs to recoil and the surface tension of the alveolar fluid
B) compliance and transpulmonary pressures
C) the natural tendency for the lungs to recoil and transpulmonary pressures
D) compliance and the surface tension of the alveolar fluid
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 819
2) The factors responsible for holding the lungs to the thorax wall are ________.
A) the smooth muscles of the lung
B) the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles alone
C) the visceral pleurae and the changing volume of the lungs
D) surface tension from pleural fluid and negative pressure in the pleural cavity
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 818
3) Most inspired particles such as dust fail to reach the lungs because of the ________.
A) ciliated mucous lining in the nose
B) abundant blood supply to nasal mucosa
C) porous structure of turbinate bones
D) action of the epiglottis
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 806