Monty Python - Witch Hunting
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yp_l5ntikaU
THE
COLD WAR AT HOME
Objective…
Describe how the U.S. government fought the
Cold War in America.
A propaganda comic book
published in 1947 that raised the
concern of a Communist
takeover in America.
Propaganda film: How to spot a Communist:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SkYl_AH-qyk&feature=related
* Why were Americans worried
about the security of the US?
• The Soviet control of Eastern Europe
• Communist take over in China
• 100K Americans in the Communist Party
The Dot Game
• You will receive a small piece of paper that will
either be blank or have a dot on it.
• Do not show your card to anyone.
• The goal of the game is for the non dots to
form the largest possible group of non dot
people. The largest group of non dots will
receive bonus points.
• The goal of a dot is to become included in the
non dot group. Dots that become included in
non dot groups will receive bonus points.
National Security State
The national security state….
- 1941 - 900K employees… 10% in security
- 1945 - 4M employees… 75 % in security
1) National Security Act (1947)…
-Dept. of Defense…
-C.I.A…
-N.S.C…President, VP, Sec of
State, Sec of Defense, Sec. of
Treasury, Joint Chiefs, CIA…
2) Executive Order 9835
The Federal Employment Loyalty Program
- Investigated government employees from 1947-58.
- 3.2M investigated…378 fired… 5,000 resigned
- Employees fired for "reasonable doubt" of:
Crimes, violent overthrow, disclosure of
confidential information, or membership in a
subversive organizations.
- No appeal beyond loyalty boards
- No permission to confront a "confidential informant"
3) Evaluate the success of the Federal Employees
Loyalty & Security Program.
4) I & E: Attorney General Tom Clark
Referring to: Unions, strikes &
preventing law & order…
“ a sinister & deep-seated
plot on the part of communists,
ideologists & small groups of
radicals”
Who did Clark target with his
actions?...
5) Were Clark’s actions a
violation of civil liberties?...
National Security State
* 6) Internal Security (or McCarran) Act (1950)…
- Communist groups must register with the government
- Illegal to plan for totalitarianism
- Banned Communist Immigrants
- Deport all Communists
Objective…
Describe the major causes,
personalities & events of the
Red Scare.
* 7) I & E: House of Un-American
Activities Committee (HUAC)
HUAC:
House Un-American Activities Committee…
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nJzV6-wJ3SQ
• Investigated “un-American” activities
• HUAC believed that Hollywood film writers &
directors were sneaking Communist propaganda
into films.
8) Describe how the Red Scare
affected Hollywood & the motion
picture industry?
1947:
Director of the FBI J.
Edgar Hoover warns
HUAC that communists
had launched "a furtive
attack on Hollywood."
HUAC: The Hollywood Ten
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07buRRJ6s4k&feature=related
• 1947: HUAC investigates Hollywood
• The Hollywood Ten…
• The “Hollywood Blacklists”…
A list of screenwriters, actors & directors barred from working in
Hollywood because of their alleged membership in Communist Party
Protesting in support
of the Hollywood Ten
What
commentary
is this cartoon
making on the
HUAC
hearings?
Spy Cases
9) I & E: Alger Hiss...
Who was his accuser?...
The results of this case?...
The Alger Hiss Case
• Hiss was a U.S. State Dept. official accused of being a Soviet spy.
• Whittaker Chambers, a former Communist Party member, before
HUAC testified that Hiss had been a Communist while working for
the State Dept.
• Called before HUAC, Hiss categorically denied the charge, but
was eventually convicted of perjury
1945 Truman (Hiss left of HST)
Alger Hiss testifies
before HUAC
Whittaker
Chambers
Whittaker Chambers
testifies before HUAC
R.M. Nixon examines
micro film during the Hiss
case
The “Pumpkin Papers” key
evidence in the Hiss case
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OnCC2gYmAMk
10) I&E Julius & Ethel Rosenberg
• J & E Rosenberg were Jewish American
communists.
• The Rosenberg's were convicted & executed for
passing atomic bomb secrets to the Soviets.
• The first execution of civilians for espionage in US
history.
Julius & Ethel
Rosenberg
11) I & E: Senator Joseph McCarthy
McCarthyism ...“Witch Hunts”
McCarthy testifying:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=maLIXQLxvvA&feature=related
12) Who were the targets of
McCarthyism…
McCarthyism
13) Supporting McCarthy?...
Opposing McCarthy?...
14) Why did McCarthy lose his popularity?...
What commentary is this
cartoon making on the
actions of Senator Joe
McCarthy?
What commentary is
this cartoon making on
the actions of Senator
Joe McCarthy?
What commentary is this
cartoon making on the
actions of Senator Joe
McCarthy?
May , 1954
“I have here in my hand . . .”
What commentary is
this cartoon making on
the actions of Senator
Joe McCarthy?
February, 1950
"You mean I'm supposed to
stand on that?“
What commentary is this
cartoon making on the
actions of Senator Joe
McCarthy?
August 13, 1951
"Say, what ever happened to
'freedom-from-fear'?”
What commentary is
this cartoon making on
the actions of Senator
Joe McCarthy?
* The Legacy of McCarthyism
- Results in repressive federal & state laws… i.e.
McCarran Act
- Basic freedoms compromised
- Dissent can be dangerous
- US Gov. investigates: Unions, librarians,
teachers, reporters, entertainers & scientists
Objective… HOMEWORK
Compare the Red Scare of the
1920s to the Red Scare of the
1940s & 50s.