Notes: The Eukaryotic Cell
On the sketch of a prokaryotic cell, label each of these features and give its function or description.
cell wall
plasma membrane
bacterial chromosome
nucleoid
cytoplasm
flagella
Why are cells so small? Explain the relationship of surface area to volume.
Describe how many neurons and intestinal cells each have greatly increased surface area.
Name
Cell Component
Structure
Function
Pre-Quiz
1.
In which cell would you expect to find the most tight junctions?
a) Muscle cell in the thigh muscle of a long-distance runner
b) Pancreatic cell that manufactures digestive enzymes
c) Macrophage (white blood cell) that engulfs bacteria
d) Epithelial cells lining the digestive tract
e) Ovarian cell that produces estrogen (a steroid hormone)
2.
In which cell would you expect to find the most lysosomes?
a) Muscle cell in the thigh muscle of a long-distance runner
b) Pancreatic cell that manufactures digestive enzymes
c) Macrophage (white blood cell) that engulfs bacteria
d) Epithelial cells lining the digestive tract
e) Ovarian cell that produces estrogen (a steroid hormone)
3.
In which cell would you expect to find the most smooth endoplasmic
reticulum?
a) Muscle cell in the thigh muscle of a long-distance runner
b) Pancreatic cell that manufactures digestive enzymes
c) Macrophage (white blood cell) that engulfs bacteria
d) Epithelial cells lining the digestive tract
e) Ovarian cell that produces estrogen (a steroid hormone)
4.
In which cell would you expect to find the most bound ribosomes?
a) Muscle cell in the thigh muscle of a long-distance runner
b) Pancreatic cell that manufactures digestive enzymes
c) Macrophage (white blood cell) that engulfs bacteria
d) Epithelial cells lining the digestive tract
e) Ovarian cell that produces estrogen (a steroid hormone)
5.
In which cell would you expect to find the most mitochondria?
a) Muscle cell in the thigh muscle of a long-distance runner
b) Pancreatic cell that manufactures digestive enzymes
c) Macrophage (white blood cell) that engulfs bacteria
d) Epithelial cells lining the digestive tract
e) Ovarian cell that produces estrogen (a steroid hormone)
6.
Of the following, which is probably the most common route for membrane
flow in the endomembrane system?
a) Golgi → lysosome → ER → plasma membrane
b) tonoplast → plasma membrane → nuclear envelope → smooth ER
c) nuclear envelope → lysosome → Golgi → plasma membrane
d) rough ER → vesicles → Golgi → plasma membrane
e) ER → chloroplasts → mitochondrion → cell membrane
7.
Cells of the pancreas will incorporate radioactively labeled amino acids into
proteins. This “tagging” of newly synthesized proteins enables a researcher
to track the location of these proteins in a cell. In this case, we are tracking
an enzyme that is eventually secreted by pancreatic cells. Which of the
following is the most likely pathway for movement of this protein in the
cell? *
a) ER → Golgi → nucleus
b) Golgi → ER → lysosome
c) nucleus → ER → Golgi
d) ER → Golgi → vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane
e) ER → lysosomes → vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane
8.
Which type of cell would probably provide the best opportunity to study
lysosomes?
a) muscle cell
b) nerve cell
c) phagocytic white blood cell
d) leaf cell of a plant
e) bacterial cell