ConcepTests in Chemical
Engineering Thermodynamics
Unit 3: Fluid Phase Equilibria
in Mixtures
Day 38
38.___ Recall, eij = (eii * ejj )½ (1- kij )
1. Which (A or B) corresponds to kij > 0?
2. Which corresponds to components “liking” each other?
3. Which corresponds to a higher fugacity mixture?
4. Which will give the highest bubble point pressure?
0
u/k (K)
  r 

uij (r )  e ij   r  

 0 r  
20
A
-20
-40
kij=0
-60
u11
u2 2
-80
0
0.5
B
1
1.5
r (nm)
2
Day 39 VLE Intro
39.1. Components (A and B) are in VLE. One mole of
liquid (xA=0.4) and 0.1 mol of vapor (yA=0.7) are present.
When 0.5 mol of A is added and the system goes to
equilibrium at the same T and P, what happens? (cf.
Falconer, CEE 38:64, 2004)
(a) The amount of liquid increases.
(b) The amount of liquid decreases.
(c) The concentration of A in the gas phase increases.
(d) The concentration of A in the liquid phase increases.
Day 39 VLE Intro
39.2. The fugacity (bar) of water at 150C and 100 bar
closer to ___. (cf. Falconer, CEE 38:64, 2004)
(a) 1
(b) 5
(c) 50
(d) 100
Day 39 VLE Intro
39.3. Two identical flasks at 45C are connected by a thin
tube. Flask A contains water and flask B contains the same
amount of a 95/5 mixture of water and salt. After 5 hours
___. (cf. Falconer, CEE 38:64, 2004)
(a) Flask A has more water.
(b) Flask B has more water.
(c) The amounts of water do not change since
they are at the same temperature.
(d) All the salt moves to flask A.
Day 39 VLE Intro
39.4. Estimate the equilibrium partial pressure of ethanol
(bars) in air above a solution of 50mol% ethanol and water
at 311K. You may assume an ideal solution and apply the
shortcut vapor pressure equation. (Tc=516,Pc=6.4,w=0.64)
(a) 0.1
(b) 0.2
(c) 0.4
(d) 0.8
Day 40 VLE Intro
40.1 Ethanol has a lower flammability limit (LFL) of 4.3%.
What concentration (mol%) of ethanol in water is necessary
for the solution to burn at 311K (assume IS thermo).
(a) 0.1
(b) 0.2
(c) 0.4
(d) 0.8
Day 42 EOS VLE
42.1 The equation of state below has been suggested for a
new equation of state. Derive the expression for the
Helmholtz energy departure (A-Aig)TV/RT.
Z = 1 + 4b/(1-b)
where b = xibi
(a) 4/(1-b)
(b) (-4/bi)/(1-b)
(c) (-4/bi)*ln(1-b)
(d) -4ln(1-b)
Day 42 EOS VLE
42.2 The equation of state below has been
suggested for a new equation of state. Derive the
expression for the fugacity coefficient ln(fk).
Z = 1 + 4b/(1-b)
where b = xibi
(a) 4b/(1-b) – ln(Z)
(b) -4ln(1-b) – ln(Z)
(c) 4bk /(1-b) – ln(Z)
(d) -4ln(1-b) + 4bk /(1-b) – ln(Z)
Day 43 QikQiz3.1
43.1 The equation of state below has been
suggested for a new equation of state.
Derive the expression for the Helmholtz
energy departure (A-Aig)TV/RT.
Z = 1 + 4b/(1-b)
where b = xibi
(a) -4/(1-b)2
(b) 4ln(1-b)
(c) -2ln(1-b)
(d) -4ln(1-b)
Day 43 QikQiz3.1
43.2 The equation of state below has
been suggested for a new equation of
state. Derive the expression for the
fugacity coefficient ln(fk).
Z = 1 + 4b/(1-b)
where b = xibi
(a) -4ln(1-b) - 4bk/(1-b) – ln(Z)
(b) -4ln(1-b) + 4bk/(1-b) – ln(Z)
(c) 4bk/(1-b) – ln(Z)
(d) -4bk/(1-b) – ln(Z)
Day 43 QikQiz3.1
43.3 Estimate the bubble pressure
(MPa) of acetone(1,MW=58) +
nPentane(2,MW=72) at 32.0C and
21wt% acetone from the ideal shortcut
model. The shortcut vp’s are:
P1sat =0.044, P2sat =0.090 MPa
(a) 0.1013
(b) 0.0530
(c) 0.0790
(d) 0.0810
43.4 For liquid acetone(1)+nPentane(2),
b = 0.786 at 305K and 25mol% acetone.
Estimate the Z-factor from the vdW model
assuming kij=0.
FYI: aii [=] J2/(kmol2-MPa); bi [=] J/(mol-MPa)
amix = 2.061 ; bmix = 137
aii
1.804
2.150
 xibi =
bi
112
145
137
a1i
xi
1.804
0.25
0.75
1.969
 xiaji = 1.928
a2i
1.969
2.150
2.061
(a) 0.0001
(b) 0.001
(c) 0.01
(d) 0.1
43.5 For liquid acetone(1)+nPentane(2),
b = 0.786 at 32.0C and 25mol% acetone.
Estimate the liquid fugacity coefficient of acetone
from the vdW model assuming kij=0.
FYI: aii [=] J2/(kmol2-MPa); bi [=] J/(mol-MPa)
amix = 2.061 ; bmix = 137
aii
1.804
2.150
 xibi =
bi
112
145
137
a1i
xi
1.804
0.25
0.75
1.969
 xiaji = 1.928
a2i
1.969
2.150
(a) 0.0015
2.061
(b) 0.015
(c) 0.15
(d) 1.5
Day 43 QikQiz3.1
43.6 The bubble pressure of acetone(1)+
nPentane(2) is 0.525 bars at 32.0C and
82mol% acetone and acetone’s liquid
fugacity coefficient is 0.77 from the PREOS
model. Estimate the K-value for acetone
assuming the vapor phase can be treated as
an ideal gas.
(a) 0.2
(b) 0.4
(c) 0.6
(d) 0.8
Day 47 QikQiz3.2
47.1 The equation of state below has been suggested for a
new equation of state. Derive the expression for the
Helmholtz energy departure (A-Aig)TV/RT.
Z = 1/(1-2b)
where b = xibi
(a) -2ln(1-2b)
(b) 2ln(1-2b)
(c) -ln(1-2b)
(d) 2/(1-2b)2
Day 47 QikQiz3.2
47.2 The equation of state below has been
suggested for a new equation of state. Derive the
expression for the fugacity coefficient ln(fk).
Z = 1/(1-2b)
where b = xibi
(a) -ln(1-2b) – 2bk/(1-2b) – ln(Z)
(b) -ln(1-2b) + 2bk/(1-2b) – ln(Z)
(c) -2ln(1-2b) + 2bk/(1-2b) – ln(Z)
(d) 2ln(1-2b) – 2bk/(1-2b) – ln(Z)
Day 47 QikQiz3.2
47.3 The bubble pressure of acetone(1)+nPentane(2) is
1.013 bars at 32.0C and 21wt% acetone. Estimate the kij
find the inferred azeotropic composition of the PREOS
model. Indicate the composition below.
(a) 0.20
(b) 0.25
(c) 0.30
(d) 0.35
Day 47 QikQiz3.2
47.4 The bubble pressure of acetone(1)+nPentane(2) is
1.013 bars at 32.0C and 21wt% acetone. Estimate the
bubble pressure from the ScHil model assuming kij=0.
(a) 0.0270
(b) 0.0790
(c) 0.0870
(d) 0.1013
Day 50 Activity Models
50.1 An azeotrope exists for n-butane(1)+ethyleneOxide(2)
at 1.013 bars at -6.5C and 78wt% butane. Estimate the
azeotropic composition in vol% butane.
Tc(K) Pc(MPa)
n-BUTANE
425.2
3.80
0.193
11.89
58
6.60
0.60
ETHYLENE OXIDE 469.0
7.10
0.200
5.80
44
10.62
0.89
(a) 70
(b) 75
(c) 80
(d) 85
w
CpIg/R MW d(cal/cc)1/2 298
Compound
Day 50 Activity Models
50.2 An azeotrope exists for n-butane(1)+ethyleneOxide(2)
at 1.013 bars at -6.5C and 78wt% butane. Estimate the
activity coefficient of EtO (g2) at the azeotropic composition
and temperature from the ScHil model assuming kij=0.
Tc(K) Pc(MPa)
n-BUTANE
425.2
3.80
0.193
11.89
58
6.60
0.60
ETHYLENE OXIDE 469.0
7.10
0.200
5.80
44
10.62
0.89
(a) 0.04
(b) 1.06
(c) 1.98
(d) 2.89
w
CpIg/R MW d(cal/cc)1/2 298
Compound
Day 50 Activity Models
50.4 An azeotrope exists for n-butane(1)+ethyleneOxide(2)
at 1.013 bars at -6.5C and 78wt% butane. Estimate the
vapor pressure (mmHg) of butane at the azeotropic
composition and temperature.
Compound
AntA
AntB
AntC
n-BUTANE
7.24
1184
273.2
ETHYLENE OXIDE
7.53
1313
273.2
(a) 755
(b) 626
(c) 588
(d) 397
Day 50 Activity Models
50.5 An azeotrope exists for n-butane(1)+ethyleneOxide(2)
at 1.013 bars at -6.5C and 78wt% butane. Estimate the
bubble pressure (mmHg) at the azeotropic composition and
temperature from the ScHil model assuming kij=0.
Tc(K) Pc(MPa)
n-BUTANE
425.2
3.80
0.193
11.89
58
6.60
0.60
ETHYLENE OXIDE 469.0
7.10
0.200
5.80
44
10.62
0.89
(a) 820
(b) 790
(c) 740
(d) 520
w
CpIg/R MW d(cal/cc)1/2 298
Compound
Day 50 Activity Models
50.4 An azeotrope exists for n-butane(1)+ethyleneOxide(2)
at 1.013 bars at -6.5C and 78wt% butane. Estimate the
kij that matches the bubble pressure (MPa) at the
azeotropic composition and temperature from the ScHil
model.
(a) 0.10
(b) 0.01
(c) -0.01
(d) -0.10
Day 50 Activity Models
51.1 An azeotrope exists for n-butane(1)+ethyleneOxide(2)
at 1.013 bars at -6.5C and 78wt% butane. Estimate the
Antoine coefficients for ethylene oxide from the shortcut eq.
(Hint: Use Pc in mmHg to match units of existing coeffs.)
CpIg/R MW d(cal/cc)1/2
298
Compound
Tc(K)
Pc(MPa)
w
n-BUTANE
425.2
3.80
0.193
11.89
58
6.60
0.60
ETHYLENE OXIDE
469.0
7.10
0.200
5.80
44
10.62
0.89
(a) 8.53,
(b) 7.53,
(c) 6.53,
(d) 5.53,
1313,
1313,
1313,
1313,
273.15
273.15
273.15
273.15
Day 50 Activity Models
51.2 Some activity models have contributions like:
DGE=  Fidi where Fi is the volume fraction and di is the
solubility parameter. Derive the contribution to the activity
coefficient (lngk) for this contribution to GE.
(a) [ (Fkdk)/xk ] + (Fidi )(1-Fk/xk)
(b) Vkdk/(  xiVi ) – Vk (  Fidi )/(  xiVi )2
(c) Vkdk/(  xiVi )
(d) Vk dk2
Day 51 QikQiz3.3
Qq3.3.1 Some activity models have contributions like:
DGE=  Fidi where Fi is the volume fraction and di is the
solubility parameter. Derive the contribution to the activity
coefficient (lngk) for this contribution to GE.
(a) [ (Fkdk)/xk ] + (Fidi )(1-Fk/xk)
(b) Vkdk/(  xiVi ) – Vk (  Fidi )/(  xiVi )2
(c) Vkdk/(  xiVi )
(d) Vk dk2
Day 51 QikQiz3.3
Qq3.3.2 An azeotrope exists for acetone(1)+methanol(2) at
1.013 bars at 55.7C and 80mol% acetone. Estimate the kij
that matches the bubble pressure (MPa) at the azeotropic
composition and temperature from the ScHil model.
(a) 0.10
(b) 0.05
(c) -0.05
(d) -0.10
Day 51 QikQiz3.3
Qq3.3.3 An azeotrope exists for acetone(1)+methanol(2) at
1.013 bars at 55.7C and 80mol% acetone. Compute the
experimental value for the activity coefficient of methanol at the
azeotrope.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
3.1
1.6
1.4
0.7
Day 51 QikQiz3.3
Qq3.3.4 An azeotrope exists for acetone(1)+methanol(2) at
1.013 bars at 55.7C and 80mol% acetone. Compute the van
Laar parameter A21 that matches the azeotrope.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
0.35
0.45
0.55
0.65
Day 52 Activity Models
52.1 Making your best estimate, arrange the following
mixtures from most ideal to least ideal (1) Pentane+hexane,
(2) decane+decalin, (3) 1-hexene+dodecanol,
(4) pyridine+methanol, (5) diethyl ether+n-heptane.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
1, 2, 5, 3, 4
5, 4, 1, 2, 3
2, 1, 5, 4, 3
Day 52 Activity Models
52.2 Which of the following properly depicts a maximum
boiling azeotrope?
355
355
V
350
(A)
345
T(K)
T(K)
350
340
(B)
345
340
335
335
V
L
330
330
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
0
1
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
x1-y1
x1-y1
370
370
L
365
360
355
355
(C)
350
345
340
(D)
350
345
340
V
335
V
365
360
T(K)
T(K)
L
L
335
330
330
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
x1-y1
0.8
1
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
x1-y1
0.8
1
Day 52 Activity Models
52.3 Suppose the activity coefficients of all components in a
mixture are greater than unity. Is the Gibbs Excess energy
for this mixture positive, negative, or zero? Why?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
positive
negative
zero
don’t ask a mouse
Day 52 Activity Models
52.4 Use UNIFAC(VLE) to predict the activity coefficient of
para-methylPhenol (structure below) in water at infinite
dilution and 25C.
CH3-
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
400
95
45
30
-OH
Day 52 Activity Models
52.5 Estimate the infinite dilution activity coefficient for a
component in water when the Margules 1-parameter is 2.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
7
4
2
1
Day 53 (/41revisited)
53.___ Recall, eij = (eii * ejj )½ (1- kij )
1. Which (A or B) corresponds to kij > 0?
2. Which corresponds to components “liking” each other?
3. Which corresponds to a higher fugacity mixture?
4. Which will give the highest bubble point pressure?
0
u/k (K)
  r 

uij (r )  e ij   r  

 0 r  
20
A
-20
-40
kij=0
-60
u11
u2 2
-80
0
0.5
B
1
1.5
r (nm)
2
Day 54 Activity Models
54.1 Which of the following properly depicts a
maximum boiling azeotrope?
355
355
V
(A)
345
P(mmHg)
P(mmHg)
350
340
335
350
(B)
345
340
335
L
330
V
330
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
0
0.2
x1-y1
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
x1-y1
370
370
L
365
360
355
355
(C)
350
345
340
V
335
V
365
360
P(mmHg)
P(mmHg)
L
330
(D)
350
345
340
L
335
330
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
x1-y1
0.8
1
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
x1-y1
0.8
1
Day 54 Activity Models
54.2 We desire the relative volatility of oxygen(1)+
ethyleneOxide(2) at 1.013 bars and 10mol% oxygen.
Estimate the Antoine coefficients for ethylene oxide from the
shortcut eq. (Hint: Use Pc in mmHg to match units of
existing coeffs.)
(a) 8.53,
(b) 7.53,
(c) 6.53,
(d) 5.53,
1313,
1313,
1313,
1313,
273.15
273.15
273.15
273.15
Day 54 Activity Models
54.3 We desire the relative volatility of oxygen(1)+
ethyleneOxide(2) at 10 bars and 10mol% oxygen and L/F=1.
Estimate the temperature of interest according to the ScHil
model with kij=0. (FYI for O2: d~4.0 and 298=0.97)
(a) 298
(b) 181
(c) 117
(d) 45
Day 54 Activity Models
54.4 We desire the relative volatility of oxygen(1)+
ethyleneOxide(2) at 10 bars and 10mol% oxygen and L/F=1.
Estimate the relative volatility according to the ScHil model
with kij=0. (FYI for O2: d~4.0 and 298=0.97)
(a) 298
(b) 181
(c) 117
(d) 45
Day 55 Activity Models
55.1 Which of the following is NOT an indicator of possible
azeotropic behavior?
(a) similar boiling points
(b) similar solubility parameters
(c) large activity coefficients
(d) positive Gibbs excess energy
Day 55 Activity Models
55.2 Which of the following indicates a small value for the
solubility parameter?
(a) strong hydrocarbon content
(b) a small molecule with a high boiling point
(c) strong hydrogen bonding
(d) a low critical pressure
55.2 Which of these diagrams are not possible?
A. 2,6
B. 1,4,6
C. 2,5
D. 2,3,5
E. 3,5
P-x
P-x
P-y
P
P
P
P-y
P-y
P-x
1
3
2
xA, yA
xA, yA
xA, yA
P-x
P-x
T-y
P
P
P-y
4
xA, yA
T
P-y
T-x
5
xA, yA
6
xA, yA
55.4 Components (A and B) are in VLE.
One mole of liquid (xA = 0.4) and
0.1 mol of vapor (yA = 0.7) are present.
0.5 mol of A is added and the system
goes to equilibrium at the same T and P.
What happens?JLF
A. The amount of liquid increases
B. The amount of liquid decreases
C. The concentration of A in the gas
phase increases
D. The concentration of A in the liquid
phase increases
Vapor
=0.7
yyA1=0.7
Liquid
xLiquid
0.4
xA1==0.4
Day 55 Activity Models
55.3 We desire the relative volatility of oxygen(1)+
ethyleneOxide(2) at 10 bars and 10mol% oxygen and L/F=1.
Estimate the relative volatility according to the ScHil model
with kij=0. (FYI for O2: d~4.0 and 298=0.97)
(a) 298
(b) 181
(c) 117
(d) 45
Day 56 QikQiz3.4
Qq3.4.1 An azeotrope exists for vinylAcetate(1)+methanol(2)
at 1.013 bars at 58.5C and 39 mol% acetate. Compute the
experimental value for the activity coefficient of methanol at the
azeotrope. The Antoine coefficients for vinylacetate are:
A=7.21538 , B=1299.069 , C=226.967
(Hint: Don’t forget Antoine coeffs for methanol.)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
0.8
1.3
1.6
12
Day 56 QikQiz3.4
Qq3.4.2 An azeotrope exists for vinylAcetate(1)+methanol(2)
at 1.013 bars at 58.5C and 39 mol% acetate. Compute the
van Laar parameter A21 that matches the azeotrope.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
0.55
0.95
1.35
1.65
Day 56 QikQiz3.4
Qq3.4.3 An azeotrope might exist for ethylAcetate(1)+
methanol(2) at 1.013 bars. Use UNIFAC to estimate the
infinite dilution activity coefficient of ethylacetate at the bubble
point.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
0.55
1.35
2.75
9.65
Day 56 QikQiz3.4
Qq3.4.4 An azeotrope might exist for ethylAcetate(1)+
methanol(2) at 1.013 bars. Use UNIFAC to estimate the
relative volatility of methanol (LK) to dilute ethylacetate (HK) at
the bubble point.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
0.55
1.35
2.75
9.65
Day 56 LLE Intro
56.1 LLE might exist for nOctane(1)+ methanol(2) at 1.013
bars. Use the ScHil model to estimate the infinite dilution
activity coefficient of methanol in nOctane at 25C.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
2
3
10
20
Day 56 LLE Intro
56.2 LLE might exist for nOctane(1)+ methanol(2) at 1.013
bars. Use the ScHil model to estimate the infinite dilution
activity coefficient of nOctane in methanol at 25C.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
13
7000
5e5
7e6
Day 56 LLE Intro
56.3 LLE might exist for nOctane(1)+ methanol(2) at 1.013
bars. Use the ScHil model to estimate the mole fraction of
nOctane in methanol at 25C.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
0.5
0.05
0.001
0.00001
Day 56 LLE Intro
56.2 LLE might exist for nOctane(1)+ methanol(2) at 1.013
bars. Use the ScHil model to estimate the GE/RT of methanol
in nOctane at 25C and 50vol% methanol.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
0.75
1.35
2.75
9.65
Day 56 LLE Intro
56.3 LLE might exist for nOctane(1)+ methanol(2) at 1.013
bars. Use the ScHil model to estimate the G/RT of methanol in
nOctane at 25C and 60mol% methanol. (Hint: we may assume
that Gi/RT = 0 for all i.)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
0.75
1.35
2.75
9.65
Day 56 LLE
56.4 Estimate the infinite dilution activity coefficient for a
component in water when the Margules 1-parameter is 2.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
7
4
2
1
Day 57 LLE Intro
57.1 LLE might exist for nOctane(1)+ methanol(2) at 1.013
bars. Use the ScHil model to estimate the gM  at 25C.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
3.2
5.2
25
100
Day 57 LLE Intro
57.2 LLE might exist for nOctane(1)+ methanol(2) at 1.013
bars. Use the ScHil model to estimate the gO at 25C.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
3.2
5.2
25
100
Day 57 LLE Intro
57.3 LLE might exist for nOctane(1)+ methanol(2) at 1.013
bars. Use the ScHil model to estimate the solubility of nOctane
in methanol at 25C.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
3E-2
3E-3
3E-4
3E-6
Day 57 LLE Intro
57.4 LLE might exist for nOctane(1)+ methanol(2) at 1.013
bars. Use the UNIFAC(VLE) model to estimate the solubility of
nOctane in methanol at 25C. (Hint: PiSat’s cancel.)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
3E-2
3E-3
3E-4
3E-6
Day 58 LLE
58.1 LLE might exist for nHexane(1)+ furfural (2) at 1.013
bars. The Margules 1-parameter is A=2.68, where
GE/RT=Ax1x2. Estimate the solubility (mole fraction) of
nHexane in furfural at 25C.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
1E-1
1E-2
1E-3
1E-5
Day 58 LLE
58.2 LLE might exist for nHexane(1)+ furfural (2) at 1.013
bars. The Margules 1-parameter is A=2.68, where
GE/RT=Ax1x2. Estimate the kij of the ScHil model by
matching the value for GE/RT at x1=0.5 and 25C. The
relevant values for furfural are:
Tc(K) Pc(MPa)
w
CP/R MW d
298
570.0
5.60
0.370 86.00 96
11.5 1.17
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
0.05
0.02
-0.02
-0.05
Day 58 LLE
58.3 LLE might exist for nHexane(1)+ furfural (2) at 1.013
bars. The Margules 1-parameter is A=2.68, where
GE/RT=Ax1x2. Estimate the solubility (mole fraction) of
nHexane in furfural at 25C using the ScHil model tuned to this
value of A.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
0.001
0.04
0.07
0.10
Day 58 LLE
58.4 Estimate the solubility (mole fraction) of ethylBenzene in
water at 25C using the UNIFAC(LLE) model.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
1E-1
1E-2
1E-3
1E-5
Last Day QQ3.5
QQ3.5.1 Estimate the solubility (mole fraction) of p-xylene
(dimethybenzene) in water at 25C using the UNIFAC(LLE)
model.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
6E-1
6E-2
6E-3
6E-5
Last Day QQ3.5
QQ3.2 The Margules 1-parameter is A=3.0, where
GE/RT=Ax1x2. Estimate the solubility (mole fraction) of
component 1 in component 2.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
5E-1
5E-2
5E-3
5E-5
Last Day QQ3.5
Qq3.5.3 Which of the following properly depicts a
maximum boiling azeotrope?
355
355
V
(A)
345
P(mmHg)
P(mmHg)
350
340
335
350
(B)
345
340
335
L
330
V
330
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
0
0.2
x1-y1
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
x1-y1
370
370
L
365
360
355
355
(C)
350
345
340
V
335
V
365
360
P(mmHg)
P(mmHg)
L
330
(D)
350
345
340
L
335
330
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
x1-y1
0.8
1
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
x1-y1
0.8
1
Last Day QQ3.5
Qq3.5.4.___ Recall, eij = (eii * ejj )½ (1- kij )
1. Which (A or B) corresponds to kij > 0?
2. Which corresponds to components “liking” each other?
3. Which corresponds to a higher fugacity mixture?
4. Which will give the highest bubble point pressure?
0
u/k (K)
  r 

uij (r )  e ij   r  

 0 r  
20
A
-20
-40
kij=0
-60
u11
u2 2
-80
0
0.5
B
1
1.5
r (nm)
2
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