Review for Test 4
Review
• China – Ming Dynasty
– Hong Wu
– Yong le
• Yong le Encylcopedia
– Voyages of Zheng-He
– Neo-Confucianism
• Zhu Xi
• Japan
– Ashikaga Shogunate
– Daimyo
– Sengoku jidai
• Russia
– Ivan III “The Great”
– Moscow - “The Third
Rome”
– Ivan IV “Grozny”
• Ivan the Terrible
• Empire of Russia
• Tsar (Czar)
– “Time of Troubles”
– Mikhail Romanov
Review
• Ottoman Empire
– Selim the Grim
– Suleiman the
Magnificent
– Vs. Hapsburgs
– Battle of Mohács 1526
• Safavid Empire
– Safi al-Din
– Shah Ismail
– Shah Abbas the Great
• The Mughal Empire
– Babur
– Akbar “the Great”
• The Renaissance
• Dante Alighieri
– Vernacular literature
– Divine Comedy
• Classicism & Humanism
• Petrarch
– Father of Humanism
Review
• Renaissance Art
• Giotto
– Father of Renaissance
Painting
• Masaccio
– Linear Perspective
– Chiaroscuro
• Sandro Botticelli
– Classical & Christian
Themes
• Donatello
– First Great Renaissance
sculpture
• Leonardo Da Vinci
– “Universal Competance”
• Raphael
– School of Athens
• Michelangelo
– David
– Sistine Chapel
– High Renaissance to
Mannerism
Review
• Christian/Northern
Humanists
– Desiderius Erasmus
• “Philosophy of Christ”
– Sir Thomas Moore
• Utopia
• The Printing Press
– Johann Gutenberg
– Movable Type
• France
– Charles VII
– Standing Army
• England
– War of the Roses
• York (white rose)
• Lancaster (red rose)
– Tudor Dynasty
• Henry VII
• Court of the Star Chamber
• Holy Roman Empire
– House of Hapsburg
• Frederick III
• Maximilian I
– Burgundy
• Mary of Burgundy
– Diet / Reichstag
Review
• Italy
• Portugal
– Republic of Milan
• Sforza
– Republic of Florence
• Medici
– Republic of Venice
• The Great Council
• Doge
– The Papal States
– Naples/Sicily
• France
• Aragon
– Trade Monopolies
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–
–
–
–
Treaty of Windsor - 1386
Caravel
Prince Henry “The Navigator”
Bartholomew Diaz
Vasco de Gama
• West Africa
– Songhay (Songhai) Empire
• Sunni Ali
– Trade:
• Gold
• Salt
• Slaves
Review
• Aragon & Castile (Spain)
– Ferdinand of Aragon
– Isabella of Castile
– Conquests:
• Navarre
• Granada (Reconquista)
– Inquisition
• Tomas de Torquemada
– Johanna & Phillip Hapsburg
– Charles I of Spain
– Christopher Columbus
• Shorter Route?
• San Salvador
• Treaty of Tordesillas
– Portugal
– Spain
– Pope Alexander VI
• Portugul
– King Manuel I
– Amerigo Vespucci
• Mundus Novus
– Pedro Álvares Cabral
• Founder of Brazil
Review
• Italian Wars & Hapsburg
Valois Wars
• Treaty of Lodi
• Fate of Florence
• Niccolo Machiavelli
– The Prince
• “Strongman”
• Ends justify the means
• The Borgias
– Pope Alexander VI
– Cesare Borgia
• Pope Julius II
– “Warrior Pope”
– “Holy League” - 1511
• Pope Julius
• Emperor Maximillion I
(HRE)
• Ferdinand of Aragon
• Venice
• Concordant of Bologna
Review
• Charles I of Spain ->
Charles V, Holy Roman
Emperor
• Ferdinand Magellan &
Juan Sebastián Elcano
– Circumnavigation
• Conquistadores
– “God, Glory, & Gold”
• Juan Ponce de León
– Florida
• Hernán Cortés
– Montezuma
– New Spain (Mexico)
• Francisco Pizarro - 1531
– Atahualpa
– Peru
• Francisco Coronado
– Grand Canyon
• Hernando de Soto
– Mississippi River
– Violence
Review
• Native Policy
– Encomienda
• Tribute and LAbor
– Mita
• Catholic Missionaries
– Bartolome de Las Casas
• Viceroyalties
– New Spain
– Peru
• Audiencias
• Inflation
• Protestant Reformation
• Martin Luther
–
–
–
–
Monk
Wittenberg
“Justification by Faith”
The Ninety-Five Theses
• Indulgences
– Leo X
– John Tetzel
• Diet of Worms
– Luther vs. Charles V
– Frederick of Saxony
Review
• The German Peasant's
Revolt
– Luther’s Response
• Swiss Reformation
– Ulrich Zwingli
• Literal scriptural support
• Diet of Speyer (1526 &
1529)
– German Princes
• The Marburg Colloquy
– Landgrave Phillip of Hesse
– Luther
– Zwingli
• Swiss Civil War
– Battle of Kappel
• Anabaptists
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–
–
–
Baptism
Münster Rebellion
Mennonites
Amish
Review
• English Reformation
– Henry VIII
– Thomas…
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•
•
•
Moore
Woolsey
Cromwell
Cranmer
– The Act of Supremacy
(1533)
• Henry’s Wives
–
–
–
–
–
–
Catherine of Aragon
Anne Boleyn
Jane Seymour
Anne of Cleves
Catherine Howard
Catherine Parr
Review
• Calvinism
–
–
–
–
John Calvin
France
Geneva
Institutes of the Christian
Faith
– Calvin’s Beliefs
•
•
•
•
•
God’s Omnipotence
Total Depravity
The Elect
Predestination
Society
• Presbyterianism
– John Knox
• The Society of Jesus
–
–
–
–
Jesuits
Ignatius of Loyola
“Soldiers for Christ”
Missionaries
• Diet of Augsburg
• Peace of Passau (1552)
• Peace of Augsburg (1555)
Review
• Counter-Reformation
– Council of Trent
• England
– Edward VI
– Book of Common Prayer
– Jane Grey
• “The Nine Day Queen”
– Mary I “Bloody Mary”
– Elizabeth I
• Politique
• “Elizabethan Settlement”
• Hapsburg Division
– Phillip II of Spain (West)
– Ferdinand I HRE (East)
• France
– Death of Henry II
– Catherine de Médici
– Children of Henry II
•
•
•
•
Francis II
Charles IX
Henry III
Marguerite
• Henry of Navarre
Review
• France
– Civil War
– Catholic
• Guise Family
– Huguenot (Calvinist)
• Gaspard de Coligny
– St. Bartholomew’s Day
Massacre
• Spain
– Wars with
•
•
•
•
Dutch
Ottomans
English
Portugal (Iberian Union)
• The Dutch Revolt
– Duke of Alba
• Council of Troubles
• Council of Blood
– William of Orange
• Politique
• Union of Utrecht
• Battle of Lepanto
– Ottomans
– Spain (Holy League)
– Dominance of Med.
Review
• England
– Privateers
• John Hawkins
• Sir Francis Drake
– Colonization
• Humphrey Gilbert
• Sir Walter Raleigh
– Roanoke Colony
– Mary Queen of Scots
• Scandal
• House Arrest
• Beheading
– Sir Francis Walsingham
• The “Invincible” Spanish
Armada
– Duke of Medina-Sidonia
– Delays, English Attack, and
Storm
• War of the Three Henrys
– Henry III of France
• Assassination
– Henry Duke of Guise
• Joined by Spain
– Henry of Navarre (Henry IV
of France)
• Joined by England
• Politique
Review
• Edict of Nantes (April 13, 1598)
– “Qualified” Religious Freedoms for Heugnots
• Treaty of Vervins (1598)
– Spain (Phillip II) and France (Henry IV)
• Treaty of London (1604)
– Spain (Phillip III) and England (James I)
• “The Twelve Years Truce”
– 1609-1621
– Spain & Netherlands (United Provinces)
Possible Short ID / Bonus Questions
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Description/Characteristics of Renaissance Art
Indulgences
Charles V & The Hapsburgs
Martin Luther
Ferdinand & Isabelle
War of Three Henry’s
Edict of Nantes
Spain vs. England (Characteristics & Conflict)
War of the Roses
The Marburg Colloquy