Density is the mass per unit volume of an object
Density = mass
Volume
D=m
V
Density = love
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Mass and volume are extensive properties.
These values change depending on how much
material you have.
Density is an intensive property. It does not
change according to how much you have.
Volume can be measure by
Length x width x height
or
the Water Displacement method
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Materials of lower density will float on materials
of greater density.
Density of water is 1.0 g/cm3
1mL = 1cm3
The appropriate units of density are:
◦ g/cm3 for solids
◦ g/mL for liquids
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If you have various masses and volumes of an
object you can graph your data and solve for
the slope to find the density of that object.
Slope = Δy
Δx
or
y2 – y 1
x2 – x 1
X (cm3)
2
4
6
8
Y (g)
17.84
35.68
53.52
71.38
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Plot X vs Y graph
Ex. 1) A piece of beeswax with a volume of
8.50cm3 is found to have a mass of 8.060g.
What is the density of the beeswax? Will it
float or sink in a beaker full of H2O?
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Ex. 2) A sample of magnesium has a volume
of 825.00 cm3 and a density of 1.74 g/cm3,
what is the mass of Mg?
Ex. 3) The volume of water in a graduated
cylinder is 27.0 mL. A piece of lead is slowly
dropped into the cylinder giving the volume
to become 130.2 mL. Given that lead’s
density is 11.3g/cm3 what is the mass of Pb?
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Ex. 4) An empty beaker has a mass of 25.83g.
When it is filled with mercury, it’s new mass
is 225.3g. If the density of mercury is 13.60
g/cm3, what is the volume of the beaker?