Teacher notes
Sound
1. Vibrations produce sound
2. Sound needs molecules. The closer the molecules the more vibrations and
the easier the sound travels. Sound travels easiest in solid, next is liquid, the
worst is gas.
3. Absorb is the disappearance of a sound wave. Ex. Carpet, clothing, fuzzy
chair, blanket, etc.
4. Reflection is the bouncing of a sound wave off of a surface. Ex. Brick, rock,
empty room, etc.
5. An echo is a reflection of sound.
6. To make a sound loud (increase volume) you use more energy.
7. To make a sound soft (decrease volume) you use less energy.
8. To make a high pitch you can:
a. Thin objects vibrate faster
b. The shorter the length the more vibrations
c. The higher the tension the more vibrations
d. The higher the frequency, the higher the pitch
e. The faster the string vibrates
9. Sound travels in all directions
10.
Frequency is the number of vibrations per second.
11.
Quantitative data means the data has numbers.
12.
Independent variable is the variable that changes in an experiment.
13.
Volume is the strength of sound waves. To increase volume, bang
harder or use more energy.
14.
To prove a hypothesis, look at the data. Does it support or agree with
the hypothesis.
15.
Sound is a form of energy
Turn Over
Light
1. Light travels in a straight line
2. Transparent – All light travels through it ex: glass window
3. Translucent – Light travels through it, but you can’t see details ex: wax
paper, frosted window
4. Opaque – Light does not travel through it. Light forms a shadow. Ex:
aluminum foil, crayon
5. Light travels fastest in gas, medium through liquids and not at all through
opaque solids
6. Light travels faster than sound.
7. Light can travel through a vacuum, but sound cannot. Sound needs
molecules in order to vibrate.
8. Light will bend when it goes from air to water. This is called refraction.
9. The angle of incoming light is the same as the angle of reflected light.
10.
In our lab, a pencil looked broken because the light was refracted as the
light went from the air to the water. Water refracts the light.
11.
In our lab, light is reflected or bounces off a mirror.
12.
Light is a form of energy
13.
A mirror has a shiny, smooth surface
Safety in the Laboratory
1. Do not spill water, spilled water can make the tile floor slippery
2. Watch where you walk so you don’t fall
3. Follow the directions so that you don’t hurt yourself or your lab partners.
Turn over