Chapter 1.2
Describe
technological and artistic
achievements of the Paleolithic Age
Define
and describe the Neolithic
Revolution
Give
examples of advantages and
disadvantages of hunter-gatherer
societies and farming villages
 Paleolithic
hunter-gatherers developed
sophisticated tool kits
 Knives,
fish hooks, chisels, needles
 Specialized
tools for specific purposes
 Stone
Age artists create paintings and
decorative objects
 Represented
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significant ideas:
Religion
Celebrations
Informational lessons
Leadership
Early development of writing!
 Using
wild animals and plants for food
 Migrate
 Live
seasonally
in family or tribal groups
 Land
supplies whatever is needed
 Movement
is easier when food is scarce
 Life
encourages cooperation and language
skills
 Special
weapons and tools develop for
hunting and digging up plants
 People
are always searching for new food
sources
 It
is more difficult to store food
 People
must carry everything along when
traveling
 Only
simple social organization is possible
 Warming
climate and growing population
lead to development of agriculture
 Early
farmers practice slash-and-burn
farming
 Domestication
 Breaks
cycle
of animals
Malthus’ food v. population growth
 Raise
herds of tame animals
 Plant
seeds and raise crops
 Live
in permanent settlements
 Crops
provide reliable food supply
 Population
grows as life becomes more
complex
 Societies
 Trade
become more complex
increases and commerce develops
 Division
of labor allows workers to specialize
 Crop
failures due to weather or pests
 Floods,
famine, or raiders could destroy
villages
 Disease
spreads easily when people live
together
 Farming
develops in many regions around the
world as farmers learn to cultivate a variety
of plants
 Early
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centers of agriculture:
Africa
China
Mexico and Central America
Peru