Properties of Matter
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Matter has Observable Properties
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Physical Property: A characteristic of a
substance that can be observed without
changing the identity of the substance.
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Size
Texture
Color
Shape
Mass
Volume
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Matter has Observable Properties
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Physical Change:
A change in any
physical property of a
substance, not in the
substance itself.
Stretching a rubber
band is a physical
change because the
size changes however,
the material that
makes up the rubber
band does not change
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Physical Properties
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DensityThe amount
of matter in a given
volume.
D=m/v(mass/volume)
Ice cubes float in
water because they
are less dense than
liquid water
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Calculating Density
Density= Mass/Volume
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A marble has a volume of 5 cm3 and a
mass of 15 g. What is the density of the
marble?
I: m=15 g, V= 5 cm3
F: D=M/V
S:D=15g/ 5 cm3
M: D= 3
U: 3g/cm3
Physical Properties
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Ductility The ability to be pulled into a thin strand
Wire, Paper clip, Copper wire
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Physical Properties
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Malleability: The ability to be pressed or
pounded into a thin sheet
Tin foil
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Physical Properties
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Boiling Point: The
temperature at which
a substance changes
from a liquid to a gas
Water to steam
www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/163boilingpt.html
Physical Properties
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Melting point: The
temperature at which
a substance changes
from a solid to a
liquid
Ice cube melts to a
puddle of water
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Physical Properties
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Electrical
conductivity: How
well a substance
allows electricity to
flow through it
Water conducts
electricity so never
swim during a
lightning storm
genchem.chem.wisc.edu
Physical Propeties
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Solubility: The
ability to dissolve in
another substance
Adding sugar to
coffee
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Chemical Properties of Matter
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Chemical Properties: Describe how
substances can form new substances
Chemical properties can be identified by
the changes that they produce
Chemical Change: The change of one
substance into another substance
Signs of a Chemical Change
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Production of an
odor
Eggs rotting produce
a sulfur smell
Lightning produces a
fresh and clean smell
due to its reaction
with Oxygen in the
atmosphere
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Signs of a Chemical Change
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Change in
Temperature
Exothermic Reaction:
Energy is released and
surrounding area of
reaction increases
temperature (Rusting)
Endothermic Reaction:
Energy is absorbed and
surrounding area of
reaction decreases in
temperature (antacid and
water)
www.webergallery.com/Rusting%20Away-CT.htm
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Signs of a Chemical Change
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Change in Color
Fruit ripening
(green tomatoes to
red tomatoes)
Rust
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Signs of a Chemical Change
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Formation of
Bubbles
Vinegar and baking
soda
Antacid and water
eco-centric.blogspot.com
Signs of a Chemical Change
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Formation of a
Solid or
Precipitate:
The shells of clams
and mussels are
precipitates from a
chemical change of
substances from the
animal and sea water
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