Initial student reaction to the words
“Research Paper” were:
…or
…or
Take notes

Make notes on five (5) ideas that are
important in producing a college level
research paper.

Construct a check list you will use as you
proofread your rough draft.

Attach the check list as the final page of
your paper as an indication that you have
made sure those areas are checked and
double checked.

Writing a College-Level Research Paper

Freshmen college students will be expected to up their games in the
academic department.

In high school, students could make do with normal assignments and
essays, but in college, students have to master the art of writing
a comprehensive academic research paper.

A research paper must be professional and there is very little room for
error.

When students start writing their first research papers, they should
understand the following tips.

A research paper is very different from a
regular essay:

An academic research paper is not a summary of information or a
brief exposition on a topic. Instead, the paper addresses a
pertinent academic issue which is investigated thoroughly either
by conducting practical experiments or by doing investigative
research.

Based on these, an original argument is developed using external
sources and references. Significantly, a research paper looks into
all possible branches of a particular issue and provides extensive
knowledge about them.

The writer tries to become an expert on the subject within the
time frame given for the research.
What is your argument?
What is the purpose of a research paper?
Quickly list three reasons.

To prove you can find answers to tough questions by searching
the Internet, visiting the library, or asking others for information.

To prove you can locate relevant information, analyze your
findings, and share your results.

To prove you can write a coherent message using the conventions
of English grammar.

To show you can use other writers’ work without plagiarizing.

To show you can understand others’ opinions and come to your
own conclusions.

To show you can make use of basic, formal formats of writing
successfully.
Take a few minutes to think about
each of the following careers.

How might each of these professionals use researching and
research writing skills on the job?

Medical laboratory technician/nurse


Small business owner/manager
Information technology professional

Freelance magazine writer

Military personnel
Where do you begin after deciding on
the specific focus on the topic?
Write a strong thesis statement

A thesis statement is the most important statement on
which a professor or a student’s colleagues will focus.

Therefore, the objective is to impress them with brevity,
precision and clarity.

Simply put, a thesis statement reflects the entire argument
of the paper in a brief manner.

Remember, a thesis statement must communicate the
student’s intent in writing the paper and be captured within
an effective introduction.

Can you revise the thesis as you progress? Yes!
The following is an example for “find a connection that links a piece
of literature, a work of art, and a song.”
The Invisible Man, a 1932 painting by Salvador Dali,
Invisible Man, a novel by Ralph Ellison published in 1952, and
“The Invisible Man,” a 1988 song performed by Queen and
written by Roger Taylor and Freddie Mercury explore the idea
that an individual can exist but not have an identity that has
substance.
Thesis template:
________ _______, a _______ painting by
__________, __________ ________, a (novel/poem/play)
by ________ ________ published in ________, and
“______ ________ _____,” a ____ song performed by
______ and written by ________ ______ explore the idea
that _________ ____________ ________ __________
_____ __________ _________.

Start with a solid introduction

The introduction must invoked the curiosity of the reader. To meet
these expectations, hit the nail on the head, be specific, and don’t
linger on details too much.

Decide on a strategy to engage the reader! Provide a relevant context
briefly before addressing the central issue with the thesis statement.
Then, conclude the paragraph.

For example, a sentence like “Many songs address love in some way.”
is a horrible way to start a paper.

A more effective statement: Contemporary research suggests people may act
in uncharacteristic ways under the influence of a powerful mood-enhancer, romantic
music playing in the background. John Paul Young contended "Love Is in the Air," in
his 1977 disco song, and also argued “Love is in the air/In the whisper of the
tree/Love is in the air/In the thunder of the sea.” He suggested that sometimes
people cannot escape love even when they try. William Shakespeare’s Romeo and
Juliet…

Starting with a quote is just one intro strategy, but the writer must
remember to explain the quote and make a connection to the thesis
statement!
(Lead/intro strategies: setting, character, action words, surprise,
question, quotation, dialogue, create suspense, onomatopoeia, humor,
hint, invitation to the reader.)

Form the argument in the body paragraphs

The body of the paper is where the writer develops his argument,
provide references, exhibits his research, and discusses the problem
at the heart of the central issue. The examples should be relevant,
and the research must be extensive.

Write detailed, succinct paragraphs beginning with a topic sentence:
a sentence that states the argument that is developed through the
course of the paragraph.

Each paragraph should follow the five-step method of
introduce, clarify, elaborate, offer examples, and conclude.

Make sure that the paragraphs are arranged in a logical manner so
that each one smoothly flows into the other.

Tie up all ideas in the conclusion

When the writer is handling several sub-topics (like literature,
art, and music) at once, the discussion should be complex but
will be segmented. The conclusion is the opportunity to tie all
major points together.

The writer should restate the basic proposition in different or
new language before he goes on to provide concrete
conclusions. (The writer must answer the questions: What was
the point of the research? What became apparent because of
the research?)

The writer should never introduce a new topic in the
conclusion. A new topic will reduce the potency and credibility
of the paper’s argument.

Give credit where that is due!

Whenever the writer uses information from another author, researcher,
or critic, credit must be provided with proper citations.

There are many different citation styles (MLA, APA, or Chicago) that
include in-text citations, footnotes, and bibliographies. Check with the
professor to see which citation style he or she prefers. The failure to cite
sources properly could lead to charges of plagiarism.

Colleges don’t take plagiarism casually. Students could be expelled from
school for committing plagiarism.

Citation styles can all be found pretty easily online and at the school’s
library. At every step, the writer must be meticulous and refer to
standard formats and structures.

Careful repeated editing must be done! Don’t hesitate to ask for help.
Example
of parts a
typical
college
research
paper:
first
page.
Body page:
Example of the
artwork:
caption explains
the insert.
Bibliography:
The Research Paper using
MLA format….
Why Use MLA Format?
MLA allows readers to cross-reference cited sources
easily if they are doing further research;
provides consistent format;
gives the writer credibility;
and can protect the writer from plagiarism.
Jones 3
Why use a consistent format?
Using a consistent format helps the reader understand the
arguments and the sources they’re built on.
What should the format be?
Research papers are double-spaced throughout using size 12 font. The
only exception would be a very long quotation (more than four lines.)
The long quotation will be single spaced and indented five spaces.
Heading goes on the front page, left corner.
Pages are numbered in the upper right corner, using your last name
and the page number. For example see above.
Research versus Plagiarism?
Again, proper citation of all sources in MLA style can help the
writer avoid plagiarism, which is a academic serious offense.
Students explore research materials, take notes, and
then write their ideas and conclusions from those
notes.
Some types of plagiarism are more subtle and
include any of the following:
failure to cite borrowed ideas;
failure to enclose borrowed language in quotation marks;
failure to completely put summaries and paraphrases
into the writer’s own words.
Most students who plagiarize can simply be
unaware of the proper way to document sources
in academic writing…and haven’t taken the time
to learn!
Every college instructor expects students to know
how to produce a research paper.
Where Do I Find Answers about MLA Format?
* MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, 5th ed.
* www.mla.org
* OWL website: owl.english.purdue.edu
Citing sources MLA style requires two* different actions:
*Parenthetical citations (within the paper)
Wordsworth stated that Romantic poetry was marked by a "spontaneous overflow of
powerful feelings" (263). …or…
Romantic poetry is characterized by the "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings"
(Wordsworth 263).
*Works Cited/Bibliography page (at the end of the paper)
Wordsworth, William. Lyrical Ballads. London: Oxford UP, 1967.
When should the writer use parenthetical citations in the paper?
When quoting any words that are not the writer’s own.
If a writer copies without properly used quotation marks,
he has plagiarized!
Are there other reasons to use parenthetical citations?
* When summarizing facts and ideas from a source, a writer
must cite the source.
Summarizing means to take ideas from a large passage
of a source and condensing them while still using the source’s
words.
* Cite the source when paraphrasing a source.
Paraphrasing means to use the ideas from another
source but changing the phrasing or wording into the writer’s
words.
Example of a paraphrase:
Original Text (from James C. Stalker, “Official English or English Only”)
“ We cannot legislate the language of the home,
the street, the bar, the club, unless we are willing to
set up a cadre of language police who will ticket and
arrest us if we speak something other than English”
(Stalker 21).
Paraphrase
Stalker points out that in a democracy like the
United States, laws against the use of a language
are not feasible and trying to make police enforce
such laws in homes and public places would not be
possible (21).
Summary:
Summaries are often less detailed than
paraphrases.
In a summary, the writer provides the reader
with the gist of the most important sources the
writer has found in his own words.
Summaries give readers basic information and
are always in the writer’s own words.
When a summary is included in the paper,
introduce the ideas with the author’s name
and/or the title of the work.
(According to Fred Smith in “The Last Day,”…)
With each use of researched ideas, the
writer must make connections, observations,
and conclusions that explain what the source
material means. This is the writer’s job in a
research paper!
*Introduce the research information, quote the research
with a parenthetical citation, and, then, explain the
research!
DO NOT insert a quoted piece of research without an
introduction/connection…and…a conclusion/explanation!
Use those three steps* every time!
Tricky areas of citation: Sometimes more information
is necessary.
More than one author with the same last name:
(W. Wordsworth 23) for first author…
(D. Wordsworth 224) for the second…
More than one work by the same author:
(Joyce, Portrait, 121) when using the first text…and
(Joyce, Ulysses 556) …when using the next text.
Different volumes of a multivolume work (1: 336)
Citing indirect sources (Johnson qtd. in Boswell 2:450)
If you have any question about a citation, ask!
How to Enter Long Quotations:
Writer’s intro and
clarification
David becomes identified and defined by James Steerforth, a young
man with whom David is acquainted from his days at Salem House. Before
meeting Steerforth, David accepts Steerforth’s name as an authoritative
power:
quote
(example)
connection or
elaboration
There was an old door in this playground, on which the boys had a
custom of carving their names. . . . In my dread of the end of the
vacation and their coming back, I could not read a boy’s name,
without inquiring in what tone and with what emphasis he would read,
“Take care of him. He bites.” There was one boy—a certain J.
Steerforth—who cut his name very deep and very often, who I
conceived, would read it in a rather strong voice, and afterwards pull
my hair. (Dickens 68)
For Steerforth, naming becomes an act of possession, as well as exploitation.
Steerforth names David for his fresh look and innocence, but also uses the name
Daisy to exploit David's romantic tendencies (Dyson 122).
conclusion
Note the 5-step paragraph construction!
The following signal phrases are good examples
of ways the writer can introduce the findings of
his research in his paper:
According to…
In the words of…
In a recent study by…
Current research proves that…
…used effectively increase the substance
and credibility of written work!
Avoid overusing the verb “said” in a research
paper. Here is a list of strong, active verbs that
writers can use in their signal phrases.
Someone…
acknowledges, adds, admits, or agrees
argues, asserts, claims, or comments
confirms, believes, declares, or implies
insists, notes, observes, or points out,
reports, states, theorizes, or writes
Editing the research paper:
Go back to the computer after several readings
and make corrections on the screen.
Use spell check!
Print out a clean copy.
Ask a friend, parent, or tutor, to be a second and
third set of eyes.
This is not cheating; this action is common sense.
Even great writers get help and, in fact, have
professional editors!
Editing your paper:
Read the paper backwards, sentence by
sentence.
Sounds crazy?
The strategy works.
Out of context, sentences with problems stand out in
ways they don’t when the writer reading along for
meaning.
The writer will more often than not read what he
thought he composed…not what is on the page!
Writing (even a research paper) is a craft.
Mastering the craft requires practice and hard work.
Most of the mistakes that students make are made out of
carelessness.
Once the mistake is pointed out, they know how to fix the problem
and why sentence or word use is wrong.
Those students who take the time are able to produce polished
final drafts that reflect intelligence, thoughtfulness, care, and hard
work, qualities professors and future employers value.
Example of a bibliography: note the alphabetized listing!
Note that any second line is indented!
Bibliography
Benton, Thomas Hart. Departure of the Joads. 1939. Egg tempera and oil painting. Ralph Foster
Museum, Point Lookout, Missouri.
Dali, Salvador. The Invisible Man. 1929. Oil on canvas. Museo Nacional Reina Sofía, Madrid,
Spain.
Ellison, Ralph. Invisible Man. New York, NY: Random House, 1952.
Howe, Julia Ward. "The Battle Hymn of the Republic." The Atlantic Monthly February 1862: 9.52
(1862): 10. Web. 24 Feb. 2015.
Queen. "The Invisible Man." The Miracle. Songwriter: Roger Taylor. New York, NY: Parlophone,
1989.
Springsteen, Bruce. "The Ghost of Tom Joad." The Ghost of Tom Joad. Songwriter: Bruce
Springsteen. New York, NY: Columbia, 1995.
Steinbeck, John. The Grapes of Wrath. New York, NY: The Viking Press, 1939.
MLA no longer requires the use of URLs in MLA citations.
For instructors or editors who still wish to require the use of URLs,
MLA suggests that the URL appear in angle brackets after the date of access.
Break URLs only after slashes.
Example with required URL:
Aristotle. Poetics. Trans. S. H. Butcher. The Internet Classics Archive. Web
Atomic and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 13 Sept. 2007.
Web. 4 Nov. 2008. ‹http://classics.mit.edu/›.
-------Examples without URLs:
"How to Make Vegetarian Chili." eHow. Demand Media, n.d. Web. 24 Feb.
2009.
“Matthew 28 NIV.” The Holy Bible: New International Version, 1984. Bible
Study Tools, 2014. Web. 24 Feb. 2015.
Example of a research process:
Typed in “the invisible man” in Google
http://www.3d-dali.com/Tour/invisible.htm
Web address
The Invisible Man ● El hombre invisible
Salvador Dalí, 1929 - Oil on canvas, 140 x 180 cm.
Museo Nacional Reina Sofía, Madrid.
● The Invisible Man. Salvador Dalí, 1929. It was
the first painting in which Dalí used double images. In this
case a new image is formed from other objects, like was
done by Milan painter Giuseppe Arcimboldo (1527-1593).
Dalí however, also uses shades to form the image. The
generation of multiple images will be one of the
characteristics of his critical-paranoiac method.
text
“The Invisible Man.” 3D-Dal. N.p., 2000 - 2012. Web. 23
Feb.
2015.
Bib. entry
http://onesurrealistaday.com/post/339991138/sunday-dali-the-invisible-man-1929-thiswas
Sunday Dalí: The Invisible Man, 1929.
Web address
This was the first painting in which Dalí began to use the double images that were to flood
his work over the next decade, during his “paranoia-critical” period. The double images
used here are not as successful as the later painting, Swans Reflecting Elephants (1937).
The viewer is aware of the illusions that Dalí is creating before they are aware of what the
overall form is meant to be.
The yellow clouds become the man’s hair; his face and upper torso are formed by ruined
architecture that is scattered in the landscape and a waterfall creates the vague outline of
his legs. As with almost all Dalí’s work in 1929, this painting deals with his fear of sex. The
recurring image of the “jug woman” appears on the left of the picture. To the right of her is
an object with a womb shape, part of which delineates the right arm of the man. The dark
shape outlining the fingers and legs of the man suggests the female form. Beneath the man
a wild beast is prowling - another of Dalí’s recurring sexual symbols. (via dali-gallery.com)
January 17, 2010
text
"Sunday Dalí: The Invisible Man, 1929." One Surrealist a Day. Timothy Rosenberg, 2010.
Web. 23 Feb. 2015.
Bib. entry
http://www.tufts.edu/programs/mma/fah188/levine/Biography/BiographyLife.html
The Enigma of Desire: My Mother, My Mother, My Mother. 1929. Salvador Dali.
Invisible Man. 1929-1933. Salvador Dali.
Salvador Dali was not the first one to bear his name. Before he was born his parents had had another son,
one they named Salvador Dali. After the first son’s untimely death and the famous artist’s birth, Dali’s
parents decided to give him the same name as the child they had lost. This decision affected him deeply
throughout his childhood, a childhood filled with his frequent contemplations of death. His relationship with
his mother was a large part of many of his works. From his childhood and through the rest of his life, Dali
struggled with his issues with his mother. As he depicted in many of his works, the painter explored the
idea that a mother's relationship with her son is a predatory one. In particular, the painting “The Enigma of
My Desire, My Mother” is a good example of his relationship with his mother. In this painting, the main
object seems to be a woman, with a distorted, ugly head atop a massive body. Her body seems able to
devour, especially in the gaping womb area. The figure behind her in the distance seems trapped by her in
the vast desert.
The images that Dali chose to use in his paintings reflected his own conscious fears and desires. His
paintings were often focused on physical manifestations of the subconscious dream world, taking a lot of
his ideas from the written works of Sigmund Freud. As a result, his paintings often depicted his
aforementioned feelings about the role mothers play and also many of the connected insecurities that a
grown man possesses. In the painting "Invisible Man" The central focus is an object strongly resembling
ovaries in place of where the large man's body would be. The man in the background, however, is partially
transparent, fading into the background of the scene. He is overpowered by the ovaries, and they keep
him from being the in the foreground of the painting. This invisible man mirrors Dali's insecurities about
being repressed by his mother and her womanliness.
“Being Salvador Dali: Biography, Life and his Art.” Tufts University, n.d. Web. 23 Feb. 2015.
http://www.presidiacreative.com/salvador-dali-paintings/
Home / Celebrity / The Surreal and Superb Salvador Dali Paintings
The Surreal and Superb Salvador Dali PaintingsBy The AdminOctober 24, 2013No Comments
Born on May 11, 1904, in Figueras, Spain, Salvador Dali was one of the famous and controversial painters. He studied art in
Madrid and Barcelona, and adapted a number of artistic styles. He had an unusual technicality in his painting style which made
him famous among art lovers. He went to Paris in 1926 and met Picasso and Miro. This was the most significant time of his life
which brought a great maturity in his painting style. Salvador Dali Paintings are based on various themes, and famous for using
very common things.
He was famous surrealist painter who used various different themes for his paintings. From 1929 to 1937, Dali
produced many surrealist paintings and he became the world’s best-known surrealist artist. His style of painting matured rapidly
with most of his paintings based on the themes of subconscious mind. His paintings depicted the dream world using common
things like clocks etc. painted in a deformed manner. He portrayed these objects with background scenes of his homeland and
in very miserable and realistic fashion. His 1931 painting The Persistence of Memory is a fine example of his surrealist art.
However, Dali got highly influenced with painter Raphael and changed his surrealist style and adopted other art forms like
cubism.
From 1940 to 1955 he lived in the United States of America. He spent much of his time designing theatre sets,
jewelry, interiors of fashionable shops. From 1950 to 1970, Dali painted many paintings with various religious themes.
However, still some of his work was greatly based on themes from his old memories of childhood and from his wife Gala. He
died on January 23, 1989, in Figueras, Spain.
Geopoliticus Child Watching the Birth of the New Man:
This painting was painted by Dali in 1943. The painting depicts a large egg-shaped globe of the world and a man coming out of
the globe or hatching out of it. The man is coming out of the United States of America. The painting depicts England in the
grasp of the new man and a blood crack in the globe. In front you can see an adult and a child watching the birth of the new
man. The adult can be seen pointing out the birth of the new man to the child. The child on the other hand looks afraid as he
can be seen grabbing the knees of the adult. The painting was a clear depiction of America emerging as a super-power with a
firm grasp on England.
The Invisible Man:
The Invisible Man was painted by Salvador Dali in 1929. In this painting Dali used double images for the first time. However,
you can also see shades to form the image in the painting. In the painting, you can see the use of various actual objects that
form a man. At the bottom of the painting you can see something coming out of man’s feet. This depicts evil coming out of the
man as you can see people on the right crying as if they are crying for his pain and wishing for his cure. A closer look on the
painting will tell you that the objects forming the man are actually crossing over the man without noticing him as if he is not
there.
"The Surreal and Superb Salvador Dali Paintings." Presidia Creative. N.p., 23 Oct. 2013. Web. 23 Feb. 2015.
http://www.rochester.edu/in_visible_culture/Issue_14/pine/index.html
“Breaking Dalinian Bread: On Consuming the Anthropomorphic, Performative, Ferocious, and Eucharistic Loaves of Salvador Dalí
Julia Pine” University of Rochester Invisible Culture, An Electronic Journal for Visible Culture Issue no.14: Aesthetes and
Eaters - Food and the Arts
"Pine | Breaking Dalinian Bread." Invisible Culture, An Electronic Journal for Visible Culture Issue no.14: Aesthetes and Eaters Food and the Arts. University of Rochester, 2010. Web. 23 Feb. 2015.
What man cannot do, bread can. —Salvador Dalí, The Secret Life of Salvador Dalí, 1942
“Bread,” wrote Salvador Dalí in 1945, “has always been one of the oldest fetishistic and obsessive subjects in my work, the one
to which I have remained the most faithful.”[2] Despite having been largely overlooked in Dalí’s work, bread—like the crutch,
the lobster, and the detumescent clock—does in fact appear with remarkable frequency throughout the artist’s oeuvre.[3] This
essayconsiders the presence and significance of bread in Dalí’s visual and literary production from the 1920s to the 1970s by
reviewing his many bread-related writings and works of art; it also assesses the artist’s attempts to establish the image of
bread as a personal device or “trademark” in terms of what media history scholar Paul Rutherford calls “the Dalí brand.”[4]
Dalí’s famous persona as artistic showman, exemplified by his mountebank’s moustache, was in large part established through
the use of various images that were intended, like contemporary product branding, to reinforce his public profile and establish
his cultural relevance. Bread, the object to which Dalí “remained most faithful” throughout his career, was a remarkably plastic
one, rife with resonance and symbolic agency, and thus ideal for addressing and contextualizing concerns and preoccupations
germane to his art practice. The present study considers how Dalí remained faithful to the idea of bread, while deftly molding its
significance to the conceptual and visual requirements of what are considered here to be the five distinct stages of his career.
These include his pre-Surrealist experimental period, his tenure as a Surrealist in the late 1920s and ’30s, his “classic” postSurrealist period of the 1940s, his religiosity-based “Nuclear Mysticism” of the mid-century, and his embrace of Pop Art and
other contemporary movements and styles in the last active decades of his career…..
….The fifth and final painted work of what might be termed Dalí’s Surrealist “year of the bread” is entitled The Invisible Man.
This canvas shifts its focus from the sexual symbolism, colored by the contemporary interest in the writings of Freud, to that of
science fiction, and is decidedly narrative in intent (Figure 6). Indeed, in keeping with his embrace of popular culture, the artist
makes reference in the title of the work to H.G. Wells’s famous and extremely popular science fiction novella of 1897, which
would be made into a Universal Pictures film starring William Harrigan the following year. Here, three loaves of bread are the
main subjects of the painting, which finds its setting in a close room with a tiny window. Once again, Dalí employs dramatic
lighting, dominated by warm hues in a penumbral palette that emphasizes the theatrical nature of the event.
The first loaf is a sliced baguette sitting on a table; the second, a breadstick balanced on the back of a chair, while a third,
upright loaf sits in the chair itself, which reveals the imprint of a human body. Regarding the latter, the artist may well have
been inspired by Wells’s assertion that when the invisible protagonist of his book ate, his food could be viewed through his
stomach, and would remain so until it was digested. [22] This gesture unambiguously transforms the bread into a signifier for
an invisible sitter, and foregrounds, in a startlingly metalinguistic way, the very function of metaphor itself, where the presence
of one thing indexes the existence of another. That this aspect of Wells’s work, in which food can be viewed through the
imperceptible man’s body, would appeal to Dalí is clear, as it resonated with his own “epiphany” about the marvellous nature of
bread: that “it could stand up without having to be eaten!” In this case, however, bread could stand up only after it had been
eaten.
http://www.nytimes.com/2000/03/03/arts/art-review-get-surreal-repackaging-dali-for-a-new-generation.html
ART REVIEW; Get Surreal: Repackaging Dali for a New Generation By GRACE GLUECK
Published: March 3, 2000
Glueck, Grace. "Get Surreal: Repackaging Dali for a New Generation." The New York Times. The New York Times, 02 Mar. 2000.
Web. 23 Feb. 2015.
HARTFORD— One known as the clown prince of Surrealism, Salvador Dali (1905-1989) saw his muse as ''Paranoia,'' and he
painted her in 1935-36, a kitschy bust with a bosom deep in Hollywood decolletage. Her fugitive face is composed of a
Leonardo-esque battle scene, with eyes formed by the rumps of warriors' horses and the nose and mouth a twisted figure. The
setting is pure de Chirico (an artist from whom Dali freely appropriated), a stagy floor of boards reaching back in long
perspective to the rocky seascape of Cadaques, Dali's home in northern Spain.
''Paranoia'' is among some 60 Dali visions on view in ''Salvador Dali's Optical Illusions'' at the Wadsworth Atheneum here. The
show is said to be the first Dali retrospective in this country in nearly 60 years and the first devoted to his preoccupation with
optics and visual perception. But Dali goes way back with the Wadsworth; in 1932, under its innovative director, Chick Austin, it
was the first museum in the world to purchase one of Dali's paintings.
This show, a clever repackaging of his work for a new generation, was organized by the Wadsworth with an outside curator,
Dawn Ades, a Dali scholar who is professor of art history and theory at the University of Essex in England. It has been attracting
large crowds, the biggest since the museum's exhibition of Robert Mapplethorpe's homoerotic photographs in 1989. Viewers
seem intrigued by the images -- some haunting, some downright silly -- and the optical challenges in the paintings, which were
dismissed as ''crossword puzzles'' by the Surrealist theorist Andre Breton when Dali fell out of favor with the movement…
An earlier work, ''The Invisible Man'' (1929-32), contains the first of the paranoiac double images, a gigantic seated hominid
constructed from landscape elements. His hair is a flow of golden clouds, his head a pile of ruins; his hands and legs are formed
by the negative shapes around an Art Nouveau fountain that is closest to the viewer. Other Dali-esque elements in the painting
include a woman's head that is also a jug, a gruesome ''family'' group and two sexy women standing on the ledge of a classical
building. They represent Gala, Dali's adored, omnipresent wife and astute business manager….
The previous research resulted in the following bibliography for
Dali’s painting:
Bibliography
“Being Salvador Dali: Biography, Life and his Art.” Tufts University. Peter Levine. n.d. Web. 23 Feb.
2015.
Dali, Salvador. The Invisible Man. 1929. Oil on canvas. Museo Nacional Reina Sofía, Madrid, Spain.*
Glueck, Grace. "Get Surreal: Repackaging Dali for a New Generation." The New York Times, 02 Mar.
2000. Web. 23 Feb. 2015.
Pine, Julia. “Breaking Dalinian Bread." Invisible Culture, An Electronic Journal for Visible Culture Issue
no.14: Aesthetes and Eaters - Food and the Arts. University of Rochester, 2010. Web. 23
Feb. 2015.
"Sunday Dalí: The Invisible Man, 1929." One Surrealist a Day. Timothy Rosenberg, 2010. Web. 23 Feb.
2015.
“The Invisible Man.” 3D-Dali. N.p., 2000 - 2012. Web. 23 Feb. 2015.
"The Surreal and Superb Salvador Dali Paintings." Presidia Creative. N.p., 23 Oct. 2013. Web. 23 Feb.
2015.
From that research, the following paragraph on
Dali’s painting could be offered:
In the early 1930’s, Salvador Dali became “the world’s best-known surrealist artist,”
according to Presidia Creative. Born in Spain in 1904, he went to Paris in 1926 and became a
contemporary of Picasso and Miro. His images delighted people with their strange technical
creativeness that intertwined sexuality in such a disjointed way that viewers had to study his work in
order to come to grips his message and perspective on the world. Peter Levine contended in a
biography offered on the Tufts University website page, “Being Salvador Dali: Biography, Life and his
Art,” that he was not the first child in his family “to bear his name. Before he was born, his parents
had had another son, one they named Salvador Dali. After the first son’s untimely death and the
famous artist’s birth, Dali’s parents decided to give him the same name as the child they had lost.” As
Dali matured, he began to explore his self-image and produced The Invisible Man in 1929, which “was
the first painting in which Dalí used double images”(3D-Dali). Dali’s insecure self-identity, produced in
part by his relationship with his dominant mother (Levine), inspired him to capture himself as an
invisible man who could not see the essence of himself. Although Dali made “reference in the title of
the work to H.G. Wells’s famous and extremely popular science fiction novella of 1897 (Pine), his self
exploration and his search for his own essence as a man were the dominant driving forces behind the
painting.
Ironically, paint becomes an important motif in Ralph Ellison’s novel, Invisible Man. A
slogan of the company for whom the central character works, Liberty Paints, is, “If It’s Optic White, It’s
the Right White.” When the narrator arrives at the Liberty Paints plant, a huge electric sign reads
“KEEP AMERICA PURE WITH LIBERTY PAINTS.” Both the slogan and the sign hammer home the idea
that if an individual is not white, he is invisible. This nameless black narrator brings to mind an old
Southern saying: “If you’re white, you’re right.”
(250 words)
The Invisible Man, a 1932 painting by Salvador Dali, Invisible Man, a novel by
Ralph Ellison published in 1952, and “The Invisible Man,” a 1988 song performed by Queen
and written by Roger Taylor and Freddie Mercury explore the idea that an individual can exist
but not have an identity that has substance.
What were your notes?

What five (5) ideas were important in
producing your college level research
paper?.





1.
2.
3.
4
5.
Spell Check?
5-step paragraphs?
Use of all research: intro/quote with a parenthetical citation/connection?
Conclusion restates but does not repeat?
Each bibliographic entry is accurate?
Example of solving a “finding the art” problem…
Typed in Google: Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde inspired
painting
See the first entry:
http://www.crisismagazine.com/2013/the-strange-case-of-dr-jekyll-and-mr-hydeby-robert-louis-stevenson
JANUARY 10, 2013
“The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson”
Sean Fitzpatrick
Editor’s note: The illustration above of Dr. Jekyll was painted by Howard Pyle for
Charles Scribner’s and Sons and first published in 1895.
The arrival of a New Year invites reflection on a particular horror of
human existence. A horror that was well exemplified by the ancient Romans who
gave the passage into a new year to Janus, the god of gateways, who bore two
faces—one facing forwards and the other backwards; looking both to the future
and to the past. This god, this monster, does not remind us that two men can be
one man. He reminds us of something more terrible still: that one man can be two
men.
Truly, what man is not?
At this time of Resolution, it is customary to reflect on who we have
been and who we will be. What are our sins? What our strengths? Which will hold
sway over the other? Which man will we choose to be?
Whose story better portrays this universal struggle than Dr. Henry
Jekyll’s?
Few, that are as thrilling.
In 1885 Robert Louis Stevenson had a nightmare. When he awoke, he
sat down at his desk and three days later he had The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll
and Mr. Hyde. Mrs. Stevenson, however, did not care for the story and objected to
it. Mr. Stevenson, in a feverish rage, cast the manuscript into fire where it was
consumed. Shortly afterwards, a calmer Mr. Stevenson repented his decision, sat
down again, and three days later, the strange case returned—dedicated to his
cousin, rather than to his wife.
Fitzpatrick, Sean. "The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by
Robert Louis Stevenson." Crisis Magazine. N.p., 09 Jan. 2013. Web.
24
Feb. 2015.
Going back to Google…
the following was seen in “Images”
http://www.allposters.com/-sp/Dr-Jekyll-And-Mr-Hyde-1920Directed-by-John-S-RobertsonPosters_i9732561_.htm?AID=96280778&ProductTarget=10522134
3927
Captioned: Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde, 1920, Directed by John S.
Robertson (copy and paste…and go to….)
…which led to….
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr._Jekyll_and_Mr._Hyde_(1920_film)
Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is a 1920 horror silent film,
produced by Famous Players-Lasky and released through
Paramount/Artcraft. The film is based upon Robert Louis
Stevenson's novella The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde and
starring actor John Barrymore.
The film was directed by John S. Robertson and costarred Nita Naldi. The scenario was by Clara Beranger and the film
is now in the public domain.
This story of split personality has Dr. Jekyll a kind and
charitable man who believes that everyone has two sides, one good
and one evil. Using a potion, his personalities are split, creating
havoc.
…which revealed a second movie poster
Back to Google and clicking on a comic book
image led to….
https://www.mycomicshop.com/search?TID=395041
Classics Illustrated 013 Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1943)
Classic Comics
Russian-born publisher Albert Lewis Kanter (1897–1973)
created Classic Comics for Elliot Publishing Company in 1941 with its
debut issues being The Three Musketeers, followed by Ivanhoe and
The Count of Monte Cristo. In addition to the literary adaptations,
books featured author profiles, educational fillers, and an ad for the
coming title. In later editions, a catalog of titles and a subscription
order form appeared on back covers. Recognizing the appeal of early
comic books, Albert Lewis Kanter [1] believed he could use the new
medium to introduce young and reluctant readers to "great literature".
The first five titles were published irregularly under the
banner "Classic Comics Presents" while issues six and seven were
published under the banner "Classic Comics Library" with a ten-cent
cover price. Arabian Nights (issue 8), illustrated by Lillian Chestney, is
the first issue to use the "Classics Comics" banner.
With the fourth issue, The Last of the Mohicans, in 1942,
Kanter moved the operation to different offices and the corporate
identity was changed to the Gilberton Company, Inc.. Reprints of
previous titles began in 1943. Wartime paper shortages forced Kanter
to reduce the 64-page format to 56 pages.
Classic Comics is marked by varying quality in art and is
celebrated today for its often garish but highly collectible line-drawn
covers. Artists include Lillian Chestney (Arabian Nights, issue 8, and
Gulliver's Travels, issue 16), Webb and Brewster (Frankenstein, issue
26), Matt Baker (Lorna Doone, issue 32), and Henry Carl Kiefer
(second cover for The Prince and the Pauper, issue 29, cover for The
Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, issue 33, and the first Classics
Illustrated issue The Last Days of Pompeii, issue 35). Oliver Twist
(issue 23) was the first title produced by the Eisner & Iger shop.
Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (issue 13) and Uncle Tom's Cabin
(issue 15) were both cited in Dr. Fredric Wertham's infamous
1954 condemnation of comic books Seduction of the Innocent.
…seeing this line led to….
…which leads to…
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seduction_of_the_Innocent
Seduction of the Innocent is a book by German-American psychiatrist Fredric
Wertham, published in 1954, that warned that comic books were a negative form of
popular literature and a serious cause of juvenile delinquency. The book was taken
seriously at the time, and was a minor bestseller that created alarm in parents and
galvanized them to campaign for censorship. At the same time, a U.S.
Congressional inquiry was launched into the comic book industry. Subsequent to the
publication of Seduction of the Innocent, the Comics Code Authority was voluntarily
established by publishers to self-censor their titles.
http://www.seductionoftheinnocent.org/
A site dedicated to the comic book censorship crusade of the 1940's
and 1950's, Seduction of the Innocent , and the works of Dr. Fredric Wertham.
Seduction of the Innocent is a book written by psychiatrist Dr. Fredric
Wertham about the harmful effects of comic books. Published in 1954 and reprinted
numerous times since, the book represents the culmination of years of reasearch
into juvenile delinquency. SOTI, as it is known in Dr. Wertham's private files and
also among comic book collectors, laid the blame for delinquency largely upon comic
books. Dr. Wertham's work helped spark a United States Senate investigation and
the formation of the Comics Code Authority. SOTI and other anti-comics efforts led
to organized comic book burnings and nearly killed the entire United States comic
book industry in the mid-1950's.
You'll find a handy timeline of significant events in the anti-comics
crusade here.
Help us find the LOST SOTI books!
Hundreds of comics were referenced by Dr. Fredric Wertham in
Seduction of the Innocent, the classic 1954 anti-comics diatribe. However, fewer
than 150 of those books have been identified by the collecting community. A major
goal of this site has been to identify all of the source material used by Dr. Wertham
in writing Seduction of the Innocent. Can you help identify the LOST SOTI books?
Classic Comics Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde is discussed in text on page 143. “A fourteenyear-old boy in the eighth year at school, with a second-grade reading level, says
that he has read the "classics" version of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde: ‘It is called The
Mad Doctor. He makes medicine. He drinks it and turns into a beast. He kills a little
girl. The cops chase him. Then he changes into a man. He comes to a famous home
and falls in love with a girl. He keeps changing. Finally he gets shot. While dying he
changes back to a human being. I like when he comes to the little girl and hits her
with a cane.’"
Example of solving a “not connecting the literature,
art, and song” problem…
Typed in Google: "The Ballad of Mona Lisa” by Panic! at the Disco
Problem: starting with the song for this research paper
makes linking literature and a painting difficult!
Question: What is your thesis statement?
Answer: Not sure or vague statement offered not connected
to the painting.
Questions: Why the Mona Lisa? What about the Mona Lisa
would generate an effective thesis statement?
Answer: Not sure…
Response: Start with some basic background research on the
painting.
Mona Lisa
Painting by Leonardo da Vinci
Encyclopedia Britannica 4
Last Updated 12-2-2014
Alternate title: “La Gioconda”
Mona Lisa, oil painting on a poplar wood panel by the Italian painter, draftsman,
sculptor, architect, and engineer Leonardo da Vinci, probably the world’s most-famous painting.
It was painted sometime between 1503 and 1506, when Leonardo was living in Florence, and it
now hangs in the Louvre, in Paris, where it remains an object of pilgrimage in the 21st century.
The poplar panel shows evidence of warping and was stabilized in 1951 with the addition of an
oak frame and in 1970 with four vertical braces. Dovetails also were added, to prevent the
widening of a small crack visible near the centre of the upper edge of the painting. The sitter’s
mysterious smile and her unproven identity have made the painting a source of ongoing
investigation and fascination.
The Mona Lisa and its influence
These signs of aging distract little from the painting’s effect. In its exquisite
synthesis of sitter and landscape, the Mona Lisa set the standard for all future portraits. The
painting presents a woman in half-body portrait, which has as a backdrop a distant landscape.
Yet this simple description of a seemingly standard composition gives little sense of Leonardo’s
achievement. The sensuous curves of the sitter’s hair and clothing, created through sfumato
(use of fine shading), are echoed in the shapes of the valleys and rivers behind her. The sense
of overall harmony achieved in the painting—especially apparent in the sitter’s faint smile—
reflects Leonardo’s idea of the cosmic link connecting humanity and nature, making this
painting an enduring record of Leonardo’s vision.
Mona Lisa Painting by Leonardo da Vinci
Encyclopedia Britannica 4 Last Updated 12-2-2014
Mona Lisa off the wall
References in the visual arts have been complemented by musical examinations. La Giaconda’s
personality and quirks were examined in a 1915 opera by Max von Schillings. Leonardo’s portrait is
also the inspiration for the classic song “Mona Lisa” by American lyricist Ray Evans and
songwriter Jay Harold Livingston, famously recorded in 1950 by the jazz pianist and vocalist Nat King
Cole and later by his daughter Natalie, as well as many other:
Mona Lisa, Mona Lisa
Men have named you
You’re so like the lady with the mystic smile
Is it only ’cause you’re lonely
They have blamed you
For that Mona Lisa strangeness in your smile
Do you smile to tempt a lover, Mona Lisa
Or is this your way to hide a broken heart
Many dreams have been brought to your doorstep
They just lie there, and they die there
Are you warm, are you real, Mona Lisa
Or just a cold and lonely, lovely work of art
There have been films, notably Mona Lisa (1986), and several novels, including William
Gibson’s cyberpunk Mona Lisa Overdrive (1988) and Canadian novelist Rachel Wyatt’s Mona Lisa
Smiled a Little (1999), linked to the painting. The Argentine writer Martín Caparrós’s novel
Valfierno (2004) brings to life the man who masterminded the 1911 theft of the Mona Lisa from the
Louvre.
Both fine art and kitsch continue to refer to Leonardo’s portrait. Bath towels, tapestries,
umbrellas, and many other household items bear her image, and that image is reproduced using
everything from train tickets to rice plants. Five centuries after its creation, the Mona Lisa remains a
touchstone for people around the world.
Rough draft of thesis:
The Great Gatsby is a novel by F. Scott Fitzgerald. After the
publication of the book it had inspired the making of movies and had
taken a big step in fashion, the trend F. Scott Fitzgerald was a major role
in many pieces of art and music. Along with the infuses of the book the
song, “Lets misbehave”, by Cole Porter was inspired and the masterpiece
called, “watching” by, Clara Johnson's, is of the eyes of “all knowing,
watching, judging eyes or Dr. T.J Eckleberg.” Which had a big part of the
book.
----------------------Do not get trapped by your first ideas…explore!
Revised draft:
The Great Gatsby, a novel by F. Scott Fitzgerald, inspired
movies and fashion trends. The book also inspired the song, “Let's
Misbehave,” by Cole Porter and the masterpiece, Watching by Clara
Johnson. In each work, the eyes of Dr. T. J. Eckleberg are all knowing,
watching, and judging and suggest that a higher power is judging the
morality of the society Fitzgerald creates.
Problem: …not sure that "the eyes" are actually linked in all three. May
need a different thematic statement to link them. Not familiar with the
painting…may not have enough information…do the lines in the song
speak to the Dr.'s eyes??? Further research revealed that the song,”
Under The Watchful Eyes Of. Dr. T.J. Eckleburg” by Sullivan might be a
better fit…a painting by another artist might give more depth to the
discussion…
Question (received via email 2/26/15): Do we need to include the
citations inside of the essay as well as the bibliography citing?
Answer: Every time you use research in the paper you should use
parenthetical citations, regardless of whether you are using a
direct quote, paraphrasing, or summarizing. See examples.
Original Text
(from James C. Stalker, “Official English or English Only”):
“ We cannot legislate the language of the home, the street, the
bar, the club, unless we are willing to set up a cadre of language police
who will ticket and arrest us if we speak something other than English”
(Stalker 21).
Paraphrase:
Stalker points out that in a democracy like the United States,
laws against the use of a language are not feasible and trying to make
police enforce such laws in homes and public places would not be
possible (21).
Summary:
James Stalker, in his article “Official English or English Only,”
argues that modern society cannot force people in America to speak
English, but he contends that requiring citizens be literate in English is
desirable (Stalker 21) .”
Yes, good research takes work, effort, and energy!
Final Reaction to completing senior
research paper:
Questions?