IB Business & Management
Unit 2.1
Training
Learning Outcomes
• The following types of training
– On the job (including induction and
mentoring
– Off the job
– Cognitive
– Behavioural (AO2)
• How innovation, ethical considerations and
cultural differences may influence training
practices in an organisation (AO3)
Training and Development…..
The difference?
Training and development….
The process of providing opportunities for workers
to acquire employment related skills and knowledge
Training
focuses on the tasks and
responsibilities of a certain
job
Development
focuses on enhancing the
personal skills of an employee
All companies will train their staff in some
way, some more than others.
Why do you think that firms need to train their
staff?
Discuss and come up with a list of reasons
Why do companies need to train
their staff?
• To introduce new staff to the business
• To provide workers with the skills to do
their jobs
• To create a flexible workforce
• To attract good quality applicants
• To increase motivation
• To keep up with changes
• To improve workers skills and knowledge
to make them more efficient
• To keep up with changes in the law
• To prepare people for promotion
Types of Training
•
•
•
•
•
Induction
On-The-Job
Off-The-Job
Cognitive
Behavioural
Quick research task – 2 minutes
Find out what each of these types of
training are and get definitions for them
Induction Training
• Training for new
staff at a company
• Introduces workers
to the business and
how things work
Task • If have been asked to design an
induction program for new teachers at
BSM
• What type of things would your
program involve?
• Think of at least 5 things
Typical Induction Training
Activities
•Tour of site to help workers find their way
around
•Information about the firm, it’s history and
how it is organised
•Conditions of employment explained
•Learning about the role of the job
•Health and safety and fire training
•Introduced to new colleagues and key
personnel
On the Job Training
On-the-job training
• Training carried out whilst in the immediate
workplace
• Delivered by a more experienced or senior
member of staff
• Often involves ‘Learning by doing’
Could include:
- Shadowing other staff
- Mentoring/Coaching
Off the Job Training
Off-the-job training
• Training is carried out away from the
immediate workplace
• Can be delivered by internal trainers or
external providers
• Can take place at the place of work or local
conference/training centres
Key Questions
• What are the benefits/drawbacks of Off
the job training?
• What are the benefits/drawbacks of On
the job training?
• In what type of situations would Off-The
Job training be more appropriate?
• In what type of situations would On-theJob training be more appropriate?
Task
• Look at the video of staff training at
Starbucks.
• What type of training is this?
• How will this training benefit the
company?
Cognitive training
Cognitive methods are more of giving
theoretical training to the trainees.
The various methods under Cognitive
approach provide the rules for how to do
something, written or verbal information,
demonstrate relationships among concepts,
etc.
FOCUS- What the trainee knows
Behavioural training
• Behavioural methods are more of giving
practical training to the trainees
• These methods are best used for skill
development.
• FOCUS- What the trainee can do
What behavioral and cognitive training would
employees in the following occupations need?
Typical training activities
 Practical tasks
 Coaching
 Research tasks
 Talks
 Presentations
 Watching videos
 Reading assignments
 Lectures
 Role plays
 Simulations
 shadowing (shadowing another employee to
see how they do it and what's involved).
Would these approaches be better for behavioural or cognitive training?
Rank these activities in order of most effective to least effective
Having looked at the reasons why
firms train their staff and different
types of training
Are there any potential drawbacks
to a firm of training their staff?
Drawbacks of Training
• Can be very expensive
• Staff could leave and take their skills to
another firm
• Loss of productivity whilst staff are being
trained
• Staff may demand higher wages
• Can effectiveness be judged? (cost-benefit)
Can anything be done to minimise any of these
drawbacks?
Training and the key concepts....
How might the following factors and influence
training practices in an organisation?
• Innovation
• ethical considerations
• cultural differences