Common Trade Policy
Trans-Atlantic Relations
of the EU
History



GATT 1947
Treaty of Rome 1957
WTO 1994..........EC representation, CTP
(Preferencies)
Stucture of the lecture:
EU15 and EU25 in trade statistics
 History of CTradeP and relations
 International trade policy instruments
 EC Prafential pyramid
 TAR

EU25 major import partners:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
China 12.3%
Russia 7.8%
Japan 7.2%
USA 15.3%
Switzerland 6.0%
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Norway
Turkey
Korea
Taiwan
Brazil
5.4%
3.0%
2.9%
2.3%
2.1%
EU25 major export partners:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
USA ………24.3%
Switzerland…7.8%
China ……….5.0%
Russia……….4.7%
Japan……..…3.9%
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Turkey…….…3.9%
Norway………3.2%
Canada…..….2.3%
Australia……..2.1%
Hong Kong….2.0%
EU25 major trade partners
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
USA
China
Switzerland
Russia
Japan
Norway
Turkey
Korea
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Canada
Taiwan
Brazil
India
Singapore
Romania
South Africa
Hong Kong
CTP relations
 2nd



pillar :
WEU (Brussel 1948)
Common Foreign and Security Policy
Shengen Accord (1985 5, 1990 all exc. UK,Irl)
97 incorp. to Amst. Treaty, Ac.Com.
(…… moved to I. Pillar)
CTP relations
Competition policy
 CAP
 Industrial policy
 Development policy
 Commercial diplomacy
 Ec. int. with non-members

Instruments

Tariffs
Preferential tariffs
Quotas
Voluntary export restraint
Anti-dumping duties
Price undertakings (instead AD duties)
Regulatory barriers (technical)
Export subsidies (agr. only)
Domestic subsidies (EC, WTO rules)

Licences (only national level)








EC Pyramid of preferencies
MS
EEA
LOME: APC
ASSOCIATED C.
Bilateral agreements
GSP under UNCTAD
MFN under GATT,WTO
Trans – Atlantic Relations
Historical development =
Co-operation and Rivalry
T-A Declaration on EC-US Relations
(Nov 1990) – new institutional frame:
regular meetings
1995 New Transatlantic Agenda
+ Joint EU-US Action Plan

TAR
Joint EU-US Action Plan:
 Peace, stability and democracy round
the World
 Response to global challenges
 World trade
 Building Cross-Atlantic bridges for
companies, education, science, culture..
USA position in the world
EU25-USA trade
Structure of EU25 export to USA
Structure
of EU25 import from the USA
EU15-USA trade in services
EU15-USA trade in services
EU25 FDI with USA
EU25 FDI with USA