Transportation, Land
Use and Development
Willamette University
January 14, 2015
Frank Angelo, Principal
Angelo Planning Group
Session Outline
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Land Use and Transportation Coordination
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State and Local Policy / Regulatory Context
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TSP, OTP, OHP, TPR, RTP, etc……
Relationship to Economic Development
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The Planning Process
Land Development / Freight
Emerging Issues
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Climate, Health, Active Transportation, Alternative Standards
Land Use and Transportation
Coordination – Why Plan?
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Balance between planned land
uses and transportation
improvements
Implement local land use plans
Establish project priorities
Support economic
development
Protect community livability
South Cooper Mountain Community Plan – APG
Land Use and Transportation
Coordination – Who Plans?
State – Oregon Transportation
Plan
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Establishes a statewide
transportation vision
Sets broad policy direction
Describes coordination activities
Includes investment priorities
Includes modal plan elements
Oregon Department of Transportation Flickr Photostream
Land Use and Transportation
Coordination – Who Plans?
Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPO)
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Urbanized areas of 50,000 population
Ensure a continuing, comprehensive, and cooperative transportation
planning process
Forum for transportation decision-making
Eight MPO’s in Oregon:
 Salem-Keizer; Corvallis Area; Albany Area; Central Lane; Rogue Valley;
Middle Rogue; Metro and Bend
Land Use and Transportation
Coordination – Who Plans?
Cities / Counties - Transportation System Plans
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Balance with local land use plans
Set broad policy direction and coordination steps
Create an implementation framework
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Zoning Codes
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Engineering Design
Prioritize projects/identifies available funding
Plan for various transportation modes
Land Use and Transportation
Coordination – What’s in a Plan?
Most communities have Transportation System Plans that include:
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New roads and improvements to existing roads to meet 20-year needs
Planning for walking/bike routes and improvements
Zoning code standards for new development
Funding for local improvements
Planning for transportation options
Streetmix.net
Land Use and Transportation
Coordination – How Plans are Used
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Define technical features of transportation system
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Set funding priorities and timing
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SDC’s, impact fees, vehicle registration, and local gas/property tax
Zoning code amendments
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Maintenance, preservation, capital improvements
Local finance options
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Road classifications and standards including bicycle, pedestrian, transit elements
How development addresses the transportation system
Coordination with other jurisdictions/agencies
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ODOT/MPO’s
Transportation Funding
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Federal funding
State funding – STIP
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Focus on maintenance and preservation
Capital Projects
Local funding options
Traffic Impact Fees (TIF) / Systems Development Charges (SDC)
 Transportation Utility/Maintenance Fees
 Local Improvement Districts
 Local Option Taxes
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Some Shared Interests
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Urban and Rural Transportation Planning
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Access to markets: high tech, manufacturing, services, agriculture,
forestry
Access to Ports: distribution of products
Employee access to jobs, work sites
Access to recreation: recreation-based economies
Transit – urban, rural and community based transit
Safety improvements in key urban / rural corridors
Rural Urban America – Huffington Post
Project Example / Planning Lesson
South Beach / Newport & US 101
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Wilder/South Beach Village Center
A village center that will provide:
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Create a sustainable community – 750 acre
master plan
Provide commercial and office-related uses to
serve South Beach and Newport
Support the Oregon Coast Community College
(OCCC) and Hatfield Marine Science Center
Create housing and jobs for Newport residents
South Beach Concept Plan - APG
Project Example / Planning Lesson
State and Local Planning Concerns:
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Mobility constraints on US 101, exacerbated by the “pinch point”
of the Yaquina Bay Bridge
No funding in the 20 year planning horizon to widen or replace
the bridge
Forecasts indicated that US 101 in South Beach would not meet
ODOT mobility standards
Traffic demand forecasted to exceed highway capacity up to 8
hours per day during the summer peak period
Yaquina Bay Bridge - Wikimedia
Project Example / Planning Lesson
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ODOT, Newport, Lincoln County and
property owners collaborated on a
solution to:
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Match ODOT policies / standards with local
aspirations (OCCC / South Beach Village) and
economic and housing development goals
Recognize physical and funding constraints
(Yaquina Bay Bridge)
Develop alternative mobility standards that
led to a set of local and state transportation
projects to enable development to proceed
Phase transportation improvements to
match development phases
Aquarium Science Building,
Oregon Coast Community College - DLA Design
State and Local Policy & Regulatory
Context
Statewide program for land use planning since 1973
 19 Statewide Planning Goals
 Achieved through local comprehensive planning
 Local comprehensive plans must be consistent
with the Statewide Planning Goals
 Goal 12 addresses Transportation Planning
Requirements
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Develop Transportation System Plans
Local implementation of TSP
State and Local Policy & Regulatory
Context
Transportation Planning Rule (TPR)
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Administrative Rule adopted in 1991 – amended in 1997,
2004/5 and 2011
Balance land use and transportation
Plan transportation improvements to support land uses
Plan local streets and alternative modes
Make efficient use of limited public funding
State and Local Regulatory & Policy
Setting
TPR Concerns:
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Perceived as an obstacle to economic development and compact
urban development
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Perceived as an obstacle to compact development in urban centers
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Economic development objectives should be better balanced with
transportation performance
Difficult to increase development intensities, even though the statewide
planning goals call for compact development
Appearance of lack of coordination between land use, economic
development, and transportation decision-making at the state level
State and Local Regulatory & Policy
Setting
Amendments to TPR & Oregon Highway Plan (OHP)
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Exempt zone changes that are consistent with
comprehensive plan map (TPR)
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Allow mitigation for economic development projects
Exempt upzonings in urban centers
Exempt proposals with small increase in traffic (OHP)
Average trip generation assumptions
 Streamline alternate mobility standard development
 Corridor or area mobility standards
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State and Local Regulatory & Policy
Setting
TPR and OHP Amendments have:
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Clarified performance and mobility standards
Provided more flexibility in application of standards
Enabled compact development patterns where appropriate
Provided support for projects that demonstrate economic
development benefits
Bend Central District MMA
Relationship to Economic
Development
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Importance of transportation facilities
 Attract and retain jobs
 Support freight dependent industries
 Provide geographic connections
 Remove barriers to economic growth
Relationship to Economic
Development
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Key Concerns:
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System Capacity – congestion
Quality Capacity – congestion
System Redundancy – alternative
routes, freight
Accessibility – interstate freeway
and port access
Competitive Factors – operating cost
System Safety – hazardous
conditions
National Freight Network - US Department of Transportation
Relationship to Economic
Development
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Land Use and Transportation Planning Role
 Locating employment and residential areas – jobs /
housing balance
 Getting people to work
 Getting goods to markets
 Providing alternative modes for work trips
 Identifying and prioritizing transportation connections
to the Interstate System and Port facilities
Some Emerging Issues
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Health related transportation issues
Active transportation
Greenhouse Gases (GHG)
Equity
Funding alternatives
Transportation efficiency
Some Emerging Issues
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Transportation/Land Use approaches to GHG
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Expand transportation options
Create complete neighborhoods
Expand intercity transportation options/choice
Manage or reduce demand
Support alternative vehicles
Reinforce the themes of Oregon’s Land Use
Planning Goals
ODOT Greenhouse Gas Reduction Toolkit
Emerging Issues
Alternative Measures of Transportation System
Performance – New Tools
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Mobility: travel time, delay on freight network
Reliability: travel time index
Accessibility: to key destinations, transit, bicycle facilities,
and equitable accessibility
Safety: critical rates
Infrastructure: system completeness
Summary
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Benefits of coordinating transportation and land
use planning:
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Land uses can be balanced with and supported by transportation
facilities
Improvements to transportation facilities can be prioritized to
support economic development and community livability
Alternative transportation options can be planned for and
encouraged
Transportation facilities can be “right-sized” to meet existing and
future demand for all types of users, including freight
Questions and Discussion