AP Biology Discussion Notes
Monday 12/08/2014
Goals for the Day
1. Be able to write a chemical equation for
photosynthesis (and understand its
complexities)
2. Be able to describe the two parts of
photosynthesis
3. Be able to describe the importance of the
photosynthetic process.
Question of the Day 12/08
What is the difference between Heterotrophs &
Autotrophs? Give examples of each.
Autotrophs vs. Heterotrophs
• Autotroph
• Heterotroph
Figure 10.2
Photoautotrophs
(b) Multicellular
alga
(a) Plants
(d) Cyanobacteria
(c) Unicellular
protists
10 m
(e) Purple sulfur
1 m
bacteria
40 m
Photosynthesis
_________ energy
________energy
Is this important?
The MIRACLE OF LIFE!
Inorganic
Organic
Fossil Fuel
• What is a fossil & what does “fossil” fuel
mean?
• Is this a renewable resource?
• Where did the chemical energy in fossil
fuels originally come from?
Alternative BioFuels
Alternative BioFuels
What major plant part is
responsible for photosynthesis?
Mesophyll cell (inner leaf) may have 30-40
chloroplasts in each Cell!
Where did chloroplasts come from?
(What theory is this?)
• What evidence is there for that?
• What kind of cells have chloroplasts?
The Mighty Chloroplast
The Skeleton of a Chloroplast
Membranes allow cells to do
what?
• Movement in/Out
• ORGANIZATION
• Build a Gradient
– DO WORK
SUMMARY Chemical Equation
for Photosynthesis
CO2 + H2O

C6H12O6 + O2
Van Niel – 1930s
• Studies mechanism of photosynthesis in
bacteria that do not produce Oxygen.
• Wanted to know where the Oxygen
produced in Photosynthesis comes from.
Van Niel – 1930s
• Studies mechanism of
photosynthesis in bacteria that
do not produce Oxygen.
CO2 + 2H2S  [CH2O] + H2O+2S
Van Niel – 1930s
• So where must the oxygen
come from?
CO2 + 2H2S  [CH2O] + H2O+2S
Figure 10.5
Reactants:
Products:
6 CO2
C6H12O6
12 H2O
6 H2O
6 O2
Photosynthesis in 2 Stages
• Light reactions (light dependent
reactions) – done in the thylakoid
membranes
• Calvin Cycle (light Independent reactions)
– Done in the stroma
Light Reactions
• Light + H2O

NADPH + ATP + O2
• Water supplies Electrons and Hydrogen
ions that will power chemiosmosis and
Phosyphorylation of ADP to ATP.
Calvin Cycle
• CO2
Carbohydrate
• Recycles ADP/NADP+
The MIRACLE OF LIFE!
Inorganic
Organic
Figure 10.6-1
H2O
Light
NADP
ADP
+ Pi
Light
Reactions
Chloroplast
Figure 10.6-2
H2O
Light
NADP
ADP
+ Pi
Light
Reactions
ATP
NADPH
Chloroplast
O2
Figure 10.6-3
CO2
H2O
Light
NADP
ADP
+ Pi
Light
Reactions
ATP
NADPH
Chloroplast
O2
Calvin
Cycle
Figure 10.6-4
CO2
H2O
Light
NADP
ADP
+ Pi
Light
Reactions
Calvin
Cycle
ATP
NADPH
Chloroplast
O2
[CH2O]
(sugar)
Reading Assignment
• Already started Chapter 10 Notes
• Start on page 192
– Think about what you are doing!
– Draw figures
– Read and then summarize
– Leave yourself room to add information
Business
• Turn in: CELL RESPIRATION LAB
• Finish 10.2 Notes (through 197) for
tomorrow
• Know that we will take notes through 10.3,
so if you prefer to read that at home or
want to start doing that GO RIGHT
AHEAD!
Species of the day 12/08
• Volvox (Algae) -Volvox carteri
Species of the day 12/08
• Volvox (Algae) -Volvox carteri
Does this photosynthetic
Algae still need to do
Cellular Respiration?
Explain