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Study Guide
Earth’s Interior and Convection in the Mantle Quiz
Layers of Earth
Characteristics
crust
outermost layer of Earth, made of hard rock, thinnest layer
mantle
largest layer of Earth, divided into 3 parts: lithosphere, asthenosphere, lower mantle
convection currents in the mantle cause the Earth’s plates to move
outer core
hot liquid layer, movements in outer core create Earth’s magnetic field
inner core
hot, dense, solid layer, made of mostly iron and nickel
3 Layers of the Mantle
lithosphere- solid, made of hard rock
asthenosphere- solid, made of soft rock Layers of Earth
lower mantle- solid, made of hard rock
2 types of evidence geologists use to learn about Earth’s interior
direct evidence- rock samples
indirect evidence- seismic waves
2 types of rock
basalt- makes up oceanic crust
granite- makes up continental crust
Pressure
pressure increases the deeper you travel inside Earth
Heat
heat generally increases the deeper you travel inside Earth
3 Types of Heat Transfer
radiationthe transfer of energy through space
ex.) sunlight
conduction- the transfer of heat within a material or between materials that are touching
ex.) metal spoon in hot soup
convection- the transfer of heat by the movement of fluids
ex.) lava lamp
in a convection current, a fluid becomes less dense as it is heated.
convection currents
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