REVIEW

Electronegativity is the ability to attract
electrons.
REVIEW
 Polar
molecules: Bonds between two
atoms with different electronegativities.
REVIEW
 Non
Polar molecules: Bonds between
two atoms with similar
electronegativities.
QUESTION
 Which
of the following will be polar
molecules? Include a diagram and
justify your answer.
 HCl
 F2
 I2
 CH3Cl
THE SOLUTION
PROCESS OF
SIMPLE IONIC
AND COVALENT
COMPOUNDS
REVIEW


Ionic bond - transfer of electrons between a
metal (cation) and non-metal (anion)
Covalent bond- sharing of electrons between
two non-metals (anions)

Covalent bonds can be polar or non-polar.
IONIC COMPOUNDS


When a solute is placed into a solvent, the
solvent particles completely surround the surface
of the solute particles.
The polar water molecules orientate themselves
around each exposed ion on the surface of the
solid.
IONIC COMPOUNDS
IONIC COMPOUNDS


If the solute is soluble, the attraction between the
solvent solute increases to the point where it
finally exceeds the forces holding the crystal
lattice.
The separation of an ionic compound into ions is
called dissociation
IONIC COMPOUNDS

Solvation is the process of the solvent
surrounding the solute ions.
IONIC COMPOUNDS

If the solvent is water than the process of
solvation can be called hydration and the solute
particles are hydrated.
IONIC COMPOUNDS

http://programs.northlandcollege.edu/biology/Biol
ogy1111/animations/dissolve.html
IONIC COMPOUNDS

Dissociation:

NaCl(s) → Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq)

KF(s) → K+(aq) + F-(aq)

NH4NO3(s) →
COVALENT COMPOUNDS

An entire molecule is pulled away from the solid
structure and is surrounded by the solvent.

C12H22O11(s) C12H22O11(aq)
QUESTIONS
1.
Explain the process of CaCl2 dissolving in
water. Include a diagram in your explanation.
2.
Compare and contrast dissolving ionic
compounds and covalent compounds.
3.
Use your knowledge of dissociation and
solvation to explain why stirring powdered hot
chocolate and water dissolves the crystals
faster.