Ben Cooper Memorial Tournament 2010 / ABC Spring 2010
Written by: Georgetown Day School, Brown University, and Vanderbilt University
Edited by: Matt Jackson, with assistance from Ian Eppler and Daichi Ueda
Packet 9
Tossups
1. In one work by this author, the protagonist gives a hare-skin jacket to a mysterious man who saves him in
a snowstorm, before falling in love with the title character at Orenburg. In addition to The Captain’s
Daughter, this man reworked the legend of Don Juan in “The Stone Guest,” and wrote of [*] Evgenii's death at
the hands of a statue in "The Bronze Horseman." He also wrote verse novels about a man who kills Lensky in a duel
over Olga, and about a Tsar whose death leads to the Time of Troubles. For 10 points, name this Russian author who
penned Eugene Onegin and Boris Godunov.
ANSWER: Alexander Pushkin [DB-N]
2. A method of removing energy from these objects was proposed by Roger Penrose because the LenseThirring effect creates frame-dragging around the Kerr and Kerr-Newman, or rotating, type of them. They
only have three externally quantifiable properties according to the [*] no-hair theorem – charge, mass, and
angular momentum. For a certain mass, the Schwarzchild radius gives the event horizon for one of these. Thought to
evaporate via Hawking radiation, these are, for 10 points, what massive celestial objects from which even light
cannot escape?
ANSWER: black holes [MJ]
3. This figure’s grandfather, Pittheus, founded Troezen. After defeating Periphetes, this figure used his club.
This figure killed a pet of Phaea, the Crommyonian Sow, on a land journey to Athens. He was killed after
being pushed from a cliff by Lycomedes, and he aided Pirithous in an attempted [*] abduction of Persephone.
In one story involving this figure, a curse placed on this figure led him to raise a black sail, resulting in the death of
his father. The individual who cursed this figure had earlier given him a ball of string before being abandoned on
Naxos. For 10 points, identify this Athenian who was loved by Ariadne and slew the Minotaur.
ANSWER: Theseus [IE]
4. Prominent political figures in the history of this polity include Charles Murphy and Jimmy Walker, and
Robert Moses directed two World’s Fairs and a number of public works projects in it. One recent leader of it
implemented the “broken windows” theory under police commissioners Howard Safir and Bernard [*] Kerik,
and reformers in this city used the Fusion party to elect Fiorello LaGuardia. Cartoons by Thomas Nast often
satirized this city’s political machine, whose leaders included Boss Tweed. For 10 points, name this city that was
home to Tammany Hall and recently had Rudy Giuliani as mayor, the largest city in the United States.
ANSWER: New York City [prompt “New York”; accept NYC] [IE]
5. In one work by this man, he encounters his younger self on a park bench in Cambridge; that work, “The
Other,” is found in this author’s The Book of Sand. He described men like Tom Castro and Hakim in his
collection A [*] Universal History of Infamy. In his most famous collection, Erik Lönnrot follows a Kabbalah-using
murderer in “Death and the Compass”, and Captain Richard Madden attempts to capture Yu Tsun, a German spy, in
“The Garden of Forking Paths”. For 10 points, name this blind Argentine author of “The Library of Babel,” a short
story found in his Ficciones.
ANSWER: Jorge [Francisco Isidoro] Luis Borges [Acevedo] [JaC]
6. John Mitchell’s experimental design, instrumental in this value’s determination, appeared in
“Philosophical Transactions.” This value, in units of meters cubed over kilograms seconds squared, can be
multiplied by an object’s mass to yield a parameter denoted by the Greek letter mu. In measuring the Earth’s
[*] density relative to that of water by a torsion balance, it was indirectly calculated 70 years after Newton had
proposed its existence as a proportionality constant in an inverse square law expression. For 10 points, Henry
Cavendish measured what value, associated with the weakest of the fundamental forces, symbolized by a capital G?
ANSWER: universal gravitational constant [prompt on partial answers; accept big G; prompt on just “G”] [OH]
7. In a dispute over hunting spoils, this man killed his stepbrother Bekhter, this man’s wife, Borte, was once
captured by Merkits, and her son Jochi was unable to assume power after this man’s death. His father
Yesükhei, the leader of the Borjigin clan, was poisoned by [*] Tatars. With the help of Jamuka, who eventually
became a rival, and Arslan, this conqueror of the Khwarezmian Empire united 50 tribes in his homeland and
founded a capital at Karokoram. For 10 points, name this successful conqueror of most of China, Eastern Europe,
and the Mongolian Steppe, the first Khan.
ANSWER: Genghis Khan [accept Chingis Khan; accept Temujin] [SR]
8. Minor characters in this work can include Freiherr von Schutzfels and the drunken tutor Wolfgang, while
an oboe plays the melody in a namesake “Scene from” this work. In it, Benno von Sommerstern often goes
hunting with his best friend, a crossbow-wielding [*] prince who is forced to leave so that his love will not die. At
the ball in which he plans to proclaim his love, Siegfried is tricked by Odile, the daughter of the evil Von Rothbart,
and in this ballet, Odette is under a spell. For 10 points, name this Tchaikovsky ballet in which Odette is a woman
by night and a certain bird by day.
ANSWER: Swan Lake [accept Lebedinoe Ozero] [SR]
9. It was used in the first step of an obsolete process to transform sodium chloride to hydrogen, chlorine gas,
and sodium carbonate, the Leblanc process. It was originally created with the use of Glover towers; though
now produced by the [*] contact process, that method was known as the lead chamber process. Its pure form was
formally known as oil of vitriol and, along with carbon dioxide and water, it is a main component of Venus’
atmosphere. For 10 points, name this strong component of acid rain with formula H 2SO4.
ANSWER: sulfuric acid [accept oil of vitriol early; accept H2SO4 early] [DB-N]
10. This man’s Tenth Walk, in Reveries of a Solitary Walker, is unfinished, and another work discusses
federalizing The Government of Poland. One theory of his posits that monarchies should develop in warmer
nations, and a discourse of his describes the first man to enclose a plot of land and declare “This is mine”; [*]
that’s On the Origins of Inequality in Mankind. This author of the Confessions wrote a tract on education called
Émile, popularized the “noble savage”, and said that the general will leaves man “forced to be free”. For 10 points,
name this Swiss-French philosopher and author of The Social Contract.
ANSWER: Jean-Jacques Rousseau [MJ]
[HALF-TIME / SCORE CHECK]
[If a team’s roster has more than four players, that team may substitute players in or out at this point.]
11. Locales in this poem include “the hills, / Rock-ribbed and ancient as the sun”, and “Old Ocean’s gray and
melancholy waste;” it also urges the reader to “Take the wings / Of morning, pierce the Barcan wilderness”.
Beginning “To him who in the love of [*] Nature holds / Communion with her visible forms”, this poem describes
those who “join the innumerable caravan”, saying to “go not, like the quarry-slave at night” but like “one who
wraps the drapery of his couch / About him, and lies down to pleasant dreams”. For 10 points, name this poem, a
“meditation upon death” written at age 17 by William Cullen Bryant.
ANSWER: Thanatopsis [MJ]
12. This man’s essay on “Baloma” spirits appears in one collection, and he attempted to disprove the
universal Oedipal complex in another work. In addition to Magic, Science, and Religion and Sex and
Repression in Savage Society, he believed that cultural institutions fill seven basic human needs, in accordance
with [*] functionalism. This anthropologist also described a complex exchange system dubbed the Kula Ring. For
10 points, name this Polish-born anthropologist who studied the Trobriand Islands, the author of Argonauts of the
Western Pacific.
ANSWER: Bronislaw Kaspar Malinowski [MJ]
13. One ruler of this people was opposed by Zibhebhu, and these people were massacred at the Battle of
Blood River. Another ruler of this people, murdered by his half-brother Dingane, pioneered the iklwa spear
and a long throwing-javelin called the assegai. That [*] ruler ran the mfecane ‘crushings’, and his “buffalo horns”
technique was later used at the Battle of Isandlwana against Lord Chelmsford’s British troops. For 10 points, name
this nation whose leaders included Shaka, known for fighting a namesake 19 th-century war in southern Africa.
ANSWER: Zulu [MJ]
14. This author described sharing two words with Einstein and three “degrees” of thought in the essay
“Thinking as a Hobby”. He describes the last Neanderthals being killed by Homo sapiens in his The
Inheritors, and a lone British naval officer hallucinates survival [*] on a barren rock in his Pincher Martin. In
another of his novels, the title entity speaks to Simon atop a wooden stick; later in that novel, the followers of Jack
steal Piggy’s glasses and break the conch shell of Ralph, their former chief. For 10 points, name this British author
who described boys on a formerly deserted island in his Lord of the Flies.
ANSWER: William Golding [MJ]
15. In bacteria, these can be arranged in monotrichous, lophotrichous, amphitrichous, or peritrichous
schemes; Michael Behe argued that the ‘irreducible complexity’ of these is evidence for intelligent design. In
eukaryotes, their 9-plus-2 axoneme include the protein [*] dynein, while in bacteria their filament is attached to
the hook at the junction and they rotate, unlike in animals such as Euglena where they thrash back and forth.
Distinguished from cilia only by their singular beating pattern, for 10 points, name this tail-like projection in a cell
that is often used for locomotion.
ANSWER: Flagellum [accept flagella] [JoC]
16. Hubert Gravelot illustrated books like Pamela and Tom Jones in this style, and Dominikus Zimmermann
designed the Pilgrimage Church of Wies in this style. One practitioner of it depicted a stock character of
commedia dell’arte, Gilles, and a student of [*] Francois Boucher painted another work of this movement, which
features a gentleman spying on a carefree girl on The Swing. Notably featuring Embarkation for Cythera, for 10
points, Watteau and Fragonard are representatives of what early 18th century French art movement, featuring
feminine lightness, cherubs, and playfulness?
ANSWER: Rococo [DU]
17. This ruler nominated Robert Cecil to be state secretary, in which role Cecil served as spymaster, and
executed Robert Devereux on charges of rebellion. Ridolfi and Babington name two plots against this
monarch, and the papal bull Regnans in Excelsis led to this monarch’s excommunication [*] from the Catholic
Church. The second Act of Supremacy was passed during this monarch’s reign; she later executed Mary, Queen of
Scots and sent forces to defeat the Spanish Armada. For 10 points, name this daughter of Henry VIII and sister of
“Bloody” Mary I, a supposed Virgin Queen of England.
ANSWER: Elizabeth I [MJ]
18. About every four years at this geographic location, most recently in 2009, space observations find threemile-wide dark circles on its surface ice. In this body, golomyanka fish are fed on by its namesake seals, which
are also known as Nerpa. Also containing the Ushkani Islands and [*] Olkhon Island, the Selenga River flows
into this body of water, while the Angara River, on which the town of Irkutsk is located, flows out of it. Containing
about 20 percent of the world’s surface freshwater, for 10 points, name this eastern Russian lake, the oldest and
deepest in the world.
ANSWER: Lake Baikal [MJ]
19. In a Gogol Bordello song about this, “your sanity and wits they will all vanish” if you “start wearing” it.
The musical Spring Awakening ends with a song named for this type of “Summer”, and the Eminem-led
group D12 rapped about this type of “pills”. One [*] song partially named for it has the lyric “I only wanted to
see you bathing in” a substance of this hue, while yet another asks “Is it tomorrow, or just the end of time?” after the
addled vocalist says “Scuse me while I kiss this guy”. For 10 points, name this color associated with a Prince song
about “rain” and Jimi Hendrix’s “Haze”.
ANSWER: purple [do not prompt or accept any other color or shade of violet] [MJ]
20. One story in this text revolves around the conspiracy of Bigtan and Teresh. Like Song of Solomon, it is a
book of the Bible that never uses the word “God”, and the antagonist determines the date of his plan’s
execution by rolling lots or dice. The title character replaces [*] Vashti, who failed to show at a feast, and goes
to Shushan as queen to Ahasuerus. There, she fasts for three days and finds that a vizier to whom her cousin
Mordechai refused to bow, Haman the Agagite, is plotting against her people. For 10 points, name this book, a
Megillah read on Purim in which the title queen saves the Jews of Persia from execution.
ANSWER: Book of Esther [prompt “Megillah”] [MJ]
[STOP HERE]
[You have reached the end of the round. Do not continue reading unless the game is tied or a tossup was thrown out
earlier in the round.]
21. This man served as a rebel commander in the War of the Tatters, which preceded his involvement in a
campaign led by Fructuoso Rivera, the first president of Uruguay. He won a victory at Bezzecca with his
Hunters of the Alps unit. He was once offered command on the [*] Union side of the Civil War, and one
campaign by this man began at Marsala. This man was the winning commander at Milazzo and Volturnus,
components of this man’s defeat of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies on his “expedition of the thousand.” For 10
points, name this leader of the Red Shirts, a fighter for Italian unification.
ANSWER: Giuseppe Garibaldi [IE]
Bonuses
1. Everyone likes pirates! Answer these questions about real pirates, for 10 points each.
[10] In 1718, this man blockaded the port of Charlestown with his ship The Queen Anne’s Revenge and two smaller
vessels. He allegedly lit fuses around his face to appear more menacing.
ANSWER: Blackbeard [or Edward Teach]
[10] During Jefferson’s and Madison’s presidencies, the US fought two wars against these north African states on
“the shores of Tripoli” after their pirates captured and enslaved 130 American sailors.
ANSWER: Barbary States [accept Barbary Wars; prompt “Tripolitan War”]
[10] Modern pirates from this anarchic East African nation were ransomed after taking the MV Faina, a Ukrainian
weapons ship, and held US Captain Richard Phillips in a lifeboat after he traded his safety for that of his crew.
ANSWER: Somalia [JoC]
2. Name some things about a Puccini opera, for 10 points each:
[10] This Puccini opera set in Peking contains characters such as Liu and the Prince of Persia, who tries to win the
titular Princess’s hand in marriage by answering three riddles.
ANSWER: Turandot
[10] This tenor aria in the final act of Turandot is sung by Calaf, who declares that no one shall sleep during the
night, and at dawn, he will win his princess.
ANSWER: Nessun Dorma
[10] “Nessun Dorma” was the trademark aria of this Legendary Tenor who died in 2007 of pancreatic cancer.
ANSWER: Luciano Pavarotti [OW/MJ]
3. It opens by describing a traffic light in a nameless city, and nameless characters include “the girl with the dark
glasses” and “the doctor’s wife”. For 10 points each,
[10] First, name this novel about the reaction to a sudden “white epidemic” of the title condition.
ANSWER: Blindness [accept Ensaio sobre a cegueira]
[10] This author of The Gospel According to Jesus Christ depicted his native peninsula breaking off in The Stone
Raft. His novel Seeing is a sequel to Blindness.
ANSWER: José Saramago
[10] Saramago hails from this country home to Fernando Pessoa, author of the poetry collection Book of Disquiet.
Its national epic, The Lusiads, describes many of its explorers.
ANSWER: Portugal [GDS/MJ]
4. This scientist’s ideas were popularized in Germany by Ernst Haeckel, and Lamarck’s earlier theory was refuted
by this man’s explanation for “descent with modifications.” For 10 points each:
[10] What Briton theorized natural selection as a mechanism of evolution?
ANSWER: Charles Robert Darwin
[10] This theory proposed by Stephen Jay Gould and Niles Eldridge, an alternative to gradualism, states that long
periods of statis are interrupted by explosive periods of speciation.
ANSWER: punctuated equilibrium
[10] This theory of evolution states that species must constantly evolve in order to survive due to the co-evolution of
the ecosystem around them, like the footrace of its namesake literary figure.
ANSWER: Red Queen Hypothesis [principle, effect, etc.] [DU]
5. Identify these sects of Buddhism, for 10 points each.
[10] This sect, supposedly founded by Bodhidharma, emphasizes the use of meditation over stories known as koans.
Popular in Japan, D.T. Suzuki helped introduce this sect in the West.
ANSWER: Zen Buddhism [or Chan]
[10] Zen is an offshoot of this sect, one of the two major branches of Buddhism along with Theravada. This branch
emphasizes the importance of Bodhisattvas, individuals who help others to reach enlightenment.
ANSWER: Mahayana Buddhism
[10] Another branch of Mahayana Buddhism is this sect, predominantly practiced in China. This sect promotes
devotion to Amitabha, a Buddha that rules its namesake location where enlightenment is possible.
ANSWER: Pure Land Buddhism [IE]
6. It had the blessing of Erich Ludendorff. For 10 points each,
[10] Name this failed 1923 revolt which started in the namesake building, which landed Hitler and several other
young Nazis in jail.
ANSWER: Beer Hall putsch
[10] The Beer Hall putsch occurred in this Bavarian city. In 1938, as Fuhrer, Hitler revisited this city to negotiate
with Neville Chamberlain, who declared afterwards that he had achieved “peace for our time”.
ANSWER: Munich [accept Munchen]
[10] At issue in the Munich conference was the impending German annexation of this province with a substantial
population of Germans and Czechs.
ANSWER: Sudetenland [accept Sudety] [MJ]
7. This novel opens with Jimmie’s attempt to fight off a group of boys from a rival neighborhood. For 10 points
each:
[10] Name this book in which Nellie convinces Pete to leave the title character, who cannot return to her home
because her mother, Mary Johnson, has cast her out.
ANSWER: Maggie, A Girl of the Streets
[10] This author of “George’s Mother” and "Maggie, A Girl of The Streets" wrote about Henry Fleming, who
deserts his Union battalion and receives the title head wound, in "The Red Badge of Courage."
ANSWER: Stephen Crane
[10] In this Crane short story, the captain, the cook, the correspondent, and the oiler are stranded in the titular vessel
for thirty hours, and rely on each other to survive.
ANSWER: The Open Boat [DB-N]
8. This number, raised to the power of itself, is approximately .208. For 10 points each;
[10] Identify this number, a component of complex numbers, equal to the square root of negative 1.
ANSWER: i [or imaginary unit; accept imaginary number]
[10]For a given complex number, this is another unique complex number with identical real part, but a complex part
of opposite sign.
ANSWER: complex conjugate
[10] This theorem, notably proven by Gauss, states that every polynomial with complex coefficients and degree
greater than or equal to 1 has at least one complex root.
ANSWER: fundamental theorem of algebra [IE]
9. In this novel, the protagonist’s sister Celia marries James Chettam instead of the protagonist, who marries the
author of “The Key to All Mythologies” instead. For 10 points each;
[10] Name this “study of provincial life”, a novel whose characters include Edward Casaubon, the husband of
Dorothea Brooke.
ANSWER: Middlemarch: A Study of Provincial Life
[10]This female author of the collection Scenes of Clerical Life and the novel Daniel Deronda wrote Middlemarch.
ANSWER: George Eliot [accept Mary Ann Evans]
[10]This Eliot novel depicts the lives of the siblings Tom and Maggie Tulliver, whose father owns the titular
location.
ANSWER: The Mill on the Floss [IE]
10. Name these places in the Russian Far East, for 10 points each.
[10]This city, capital of Primorsky Krai, is the largest city on Russia's Pacific coast and is the eastern terminus of the
Trans-Siberian Railway.
ANSWER: Vladivostok
[10] Oil was recently discovered off of the coast of this island, the largest island controlled by Russia. It is home to
many Koreans.
ANSWER: Sakhalin Island
[10]This archipelago extends from Hokkaido to the Kamchatka Peninsula. Three of these islands, Iturup, Kunashir,
and Shikotan, are claimed by Japan.
ANSWER: Kuril Islands [accept Chishima Islands or Kuriru Islands] [IE]
11. He sprang from Medusa’s severed neck, and his footprint made the Hippocrene spring. For 10 points each,
[10] First, name this mythical Greek winged horse ridden by Bellerophon.
ANSWER: Pegasus
[10] Bellerophon shot a lead-tipped arrow into this fire-breathing monster’s mouth while riding Pegasus, killing it. It
was part lion, part goat, and part serpent.
ANSWER: Chimera
[10] This monster, sometimes depicted with three bodies but only one head, was Pegasus’s nephew. He possessed a
herd of red cattle that was guarded by his two-headed dog, Orthrus.
ANSWER: Geryon [JoC]
12. Name these physical constants with relevant uses in chemistry, for 10 points each.
[10] Named after a nineteenth-century Italian, this constant’s value is 6.022 times 10 to the 23 rd units of substance,
the number in a mole.
ANSWER: Avogadro’s constant [accept Avogadro’s number; prompt “N-sub-A”]
[10] Named after the Danish scientist whose namesake atomic model is only accurate for hydrogen, this radius is
useful in determining the path that an electron takes when orbiting a nucleus. Its value is 5.29 x 10-11 meters.
ANSWER: Bohr radius
[10] Named for a Swedish physicist, this constant, 1.09 times 10 to the 7 th, is useful in determining the atomic
spectra of a specific element, particularly hydrogen.
ANSWER: Rydberg constant [RyM]
13. For 10 points each, name some concepts from the philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche:
[10] In Nietzsche’s The Gay Science, a madman speaks this three-word phrase, which wasn’t meant literally but
instead refers to how science and civilization outgrew Christian morality.
ANSWER: “God is dead” [accept “Gott ist tot”]
[10] This type of human being has rejected the slave morality and other moral trappings of his day. In Thus Spake
Zarathustra, the title prophet hails the coming of this being.
ANSWER: der Übermensch [accept Over-man or Superman]
[10] Two answers required: In The Birth of Tragedy, Nietzsche comments on two forces in ancient Greek drama,
one of which represents order and clarity while the other represents chaos, instinct, and passion. Name both.
ANSWER: Appolonian and Dionysian [MJ]
14. This French Romantic artist of The Bribe of Abydos depicted floating bodies around two red-garmented figures
in his The Barque of Dante. For 10 points each,
[10] Name this artist, who painted a bare-breasted figure waving the tricolor flag in Liberty Leading the People.
ANSWER: Eugene Delacroix [day-luh-CRWAH]
[10] Delacroix also painted this work in which the Assyrian king sits on a large red bed as his harem women and
horses are stabbed to death alongside him.
ANSWER: The Death of Sardanapalus
[10] Delacroix depicted the title yellow-clad figure of this work mounted on a horse in front of a walled city’s gate.
One man in his large entourage holds up a tall parasol.
ANSWER: The Sultan of Morocco and his Entourage [DB-N]
15. This resolution was a direct response to an attack on Maddox and C. Turner Joy. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this joint resolution that gave the president to commit forces without declaring war.
ANSWER: the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution [accept the Southeast Asia Resolution]
[10] The Gulf of Tonkin Incident was a part of this much larger conflict, which escalated under Lyndon Johnson and
included an attack launched on a new year holiday, the Tet offensive.
ANSWER: the Vietnam War [accept the Second Indochina War]
[10] This congressional act in 1973 limited the executive powers granted in the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, requiring
the president to notify the Congress forty-eight hours before sending troops into conflict.
ANSWER: War Powers Act [or War Powers Resolution] [DU]
16. Let’s talk about the Olympics! For 10 points each:
[10] The Winter Olympics have only been held in Canada twice, once in Calgary and again this year in this British
Columbian city.
ANSWER: Vancouver
[10] One of the seven Olympic sports this year in Vancouver is this one in which the athlete lies on their back on a
sled and goes down an icy track where they can reach speeds of 90 mph.
ANSWER: luge
[10] The morning of the Vancouver opening ceremony this Georgian athlete tragically died in a training run, he was
the first athlete to die in the Winter Olympics training in 35 years.
ANSWER: Nodar Kumaritashvili [SR]
17. Given dates and descriptions, name these World War Two battles, for 10 points each:
[10] Fought from December 1944 to January 1945, this battle was the final German offensive. Codenamed
Operation Watch on the Rhine, the American commander at it was Anthony McAuliffe.
ANSWER: Battle of the Bulge [accept Ardennes-Alsace Campaign]
[10] Taking place between June 4 and June 7, 1942, a month after Coral Sea, four Japanese aircraft carriers sunk at
this battle on an atoll northwest of Hawaii. America lost one aircraft carrier and one destroyer.
ANSWER: Battle of Midway Atoll
[10] Beginning on April 10th, 1941, this long siege on the Allies by Italian and German forces in a North African
city was relieved after six months. It was followed a year later by Allied victory at El Alamein.
ANSWER: The Siege of Tobruk [DB-N]
18. He split with Freud and began individual psychology. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this Austrian psychologist who advocated feminism and wrote The Neurotic Constitution.
ANSWER: Alfred Adler
[10] Adler proposed this phenomenon in which sufferers overcompensate for their perceived low status, and
suggested that Napoleon Bonaparte suffered from this condition.
ANSWER: Inferiority complex / feeling
[10] This other Austrian guy who broke with Freud wrote The Trauma of Birth, and described “infant exposure” in
his Myth of the Birth of the Hero.
ANSWER: Otto Rank [DB-N/MJ]
19. YBCO is among very few of these that exist above the extremely low boiling point of nitrogen. For 10 points
each,
[10] First, name these materials which, below a certain temperature, have zero electrical resistance.
ANSWER: superconductors
[10] This effect is the active expulsion of magnetic fields by a superconductor as it is cooled to superconducting
temperature.
ANSWER: Meissner-Ochsenfeld effect
[10] According to the BCS theory, superconductivity results from the condensing of electrons into these phonon
interactions named for an American scientist.
ANSWER: Cooper pairs
20. In this play, Khelstakov is mistaken for the title character. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this play in which Khelstakov dupes the mayor of a small Russian town into giving him exorbitant bribes
in exchange for a favorable report.
ANSWER: The Inspector General [accept The Government Inspector; accept Der Revizor]
[10] This Russian author of “Taras Bulba” and “The Inspector General” also wrote about the titular body part’s
quest to live its own life in “The Nose.”
ANSWER: Nikolai Gogol
[10] In this Gogol work, Chichikov succeeds in buying 400 of the titular objects which he hopes will allow him to
take out a large lone and live a rich life.
ANSWER: Dead Souls [accept Mertvye dushi] [DB-N]
21. The protagonist is expelled from Castle Thunder-ten-Throckh for kissing Cunégonde. For 10 points each,
[10] First, name this Voltaire satire, in which the protagonist goes to outlandish locales like Lisbon during the
earthquake, El Dorado, Venice, and finally, to his own garden.
ANSWER: Candide: or, Optimism [accept other reasonable translations; accept Candide, ou l’Optimisme]
[10] This philosopher and teacher of Candide contracts syphilis by sleeping with Paquette. An exaggerated satire of
Leibniz, he believes “all is for the best in this, the best of all possible worlds”.
ANSWER: Dr. Pangloss
[10] In this other Voltaire work, the titular Babylonian philosopher competes with Orcan for Semire's love and is
aided by his friend Cador. He later meets the disguised angel Jesrad.
ANSWER: Zadig, or The Book of Fate [accept Zadig, ou la Destinée] [DB-N]