Calentamiento
• Answer questions in 14-24 regarding your opinions about
fashion (14-24, 471)
• Answer the following:
–
–
–
–
–
When and why do you use the imperfect tense?
What’s the difference between the imperfect and the preterit?
Why do you use the past participle?
Why might you use the imperfect and past participle together?
How would you use them together?
• What is the difference between:
– I didn’t eat.
– I haven’t eaten.
– I hadn’t eaten.
• How do you conjugate “HABER” in the imperfect tense?
Calentamiento
• Warm-up: Complete the paragraph with
the correct forms of the verb HACER and
other listed verbs (14-8; p 483)
– You may just write answer (don’t get used to
it!)
– http://myphliputil.pearsoncmg.com/media/eb
zayas5/chapter14/js_exercises/exercise14_8.h
tml
devolver
hacer
llegar
querer
14-8 En la Ópera. Completa el párrafo con el presente del verbo hacer y el
presente o el pretérito de los verbos de la lista.
Son las ocho y media de la noche y (1) _____ más de
una hora que nosotros (2) ______ cola para ver si hay
boletos para la función. (3. nosotros) _____ al teatro
(4) ______ dos horas, pero tuvimos que esperar en la
calle hasta que se abrió el teatro. (5) _____ más de dos
meses que (6. yo) _____ asistir a esta función. Pero es
difícil conseguir boletos para una ópera en la que canta
Plácido Domingo. El tenor (7) ______ al teatro en su
limosina (8) ______ media hora. ¡Qué suerte! Acaban
de decirnos que una señora (9) _____ sus boletos (10)
_____ unos minutos
Theme: The Pluperfect
indicative
• Objective & Big Picture: In order to tell what
you "had been doing" before something else
occured, you need to know how to use the
Pluperfect Indicative.
• TSWBAT: Tell what they'd been doing in the
past when something else occured.
• Language Objective: Identify pluperfect
indicative phrases in a written interview, make a
list of them and translate the expressions to
English.
The Pluperfect Indicative
(El pluscuamperfecto del indicativo)
El año pasado, nadie había
oído de los Romero.
¡Ahora es casi imposible
conseguir entradas!
The Formation of the Pluperfect
Like the present perfect tense, the pluperfect is a
compound tense. It is formed with the imperfect
tense of haber + past participle.
había
habíamos
habías habíais
había habían
+
Past participle—
masculine singular
form only
The Formation of the Pluperfect
Notice the following chart:
Imperfect tense Past
of haber
participle
Past tense of to
have
yo
había
I had
tú
habías
you had
él, ella, Ud.
nosotros/as
había
habíamos
vosotros/as
habíais
ellos, ellas, Uds.
habían
tomado
comido
vivido
he, she, you had
we had
you (pl. fam.) had
they, you (pl.) had
Past
participle
taken
eaten
lived
A breakdown of the terminology
The word pluscuamperfecto itself is a compound
word. If we divide it into its three components . . .
pluscuamperfecto
A breakdown of the terminology
The word pluscuamperfecto itself is a compound
word. If we divide it into its three components . . .
plus cuamperfecto
A breakdown of the terminology
The word pluscuamperfecto itself is a compound
word. If we divide it into its three components . . .
plus cuam perfecto
more
than
past
. . . we find that the term defines how this verb
tense describes an action or event—back past
another past action or event, or “more than past.”
A time line showing verb tense relationships
the pluperfect
(previous to past)
the preterit
(past)
Yo no había estudiado lo
suficiente.
Yo saqué una C en el Ahora yo soy un muy
examen de mitad de
buen estudiante.
semestre.
 toward the past
The pluperfect is
always related to
another past tense.
the present
(now)
toward the future 
the present
perfect
(from the past up ‘til now)
Yo he estudiado mucho más
desde el examen de mitad de
semestre.
The pluperfect is never used in total isolation. It must
always be accompanied by another explicit or implied
past event or action.
Again, the pluperfect is used to refer to an action or event
that had occurred before another past action or event.
Compare the following sentences with the time line.
“more than past”
past
Present
Past
Future
dirigir
cantar
estar
venir
entrar
decir
“more than past”
past
El director había dirigido otras dos orquestas antes de venir a Boston.
The director had conducted two other orchestras before coming
to Boston.
past
“more than past”
Cuando entramos, la diva ya había cantado el aria.
When we entered, the diva had already sung the aria.
past
“more than past”
Nos dijo que el compositor había estado enfermo.
He told us that the composer had been sick.
Remember that in compound tenses nothing may be
inserted between the auxiliary haber and the past
participle; haber must agree in number with the
subject, and the past participle has only one form.
El público lo había visto antes.
The public had seen him before.
Los músicos habían tocado maravillosamente.
The musicians had played marvelously.
Calentamiento
• Correct and complete the front of
yesterday’s worksheet & have it checked
• Do the odds on the back & have it
checked
• Complete 14-25 (1 & 2)
¡A practicar!
• Practice:
– Identify pluperfect indicative phrases in a written
interview, make a list of them and translate the
expressions to English.
– complete hacer/pluperfect indicative worksheet by
Friday (odds)
– Complete 14-25 by identifying what Ines had already
done at the time of the interview & filling in the chart in
step 2 with what she had and hadn't done
– Personalize: Write 2 sentences telling about
things you had/hadn't done before you turned 16
using the pluperfect indicative.
FIN