NURSING 483
RESEARCH
IMPLICATIONS FOR
INTERPERSONAL
PROCESS RECORDING
OBJECTIVES

The student will use critical
thinking in applying the research
data to the nursing care of the
individual patient who was identified in the interpersonal process
recording.
REQUIREMENTS AND
GRADING:
1. Introduction: include the client’s
psychiatric diagnosis(es) and problems
which will be addressed in this paper.

5 points.
REQUIREMENTS AND
GRADING:
2. Review and summarize two current
nursing research studies or articles
applicable to this client’s mental health
diagnosis and/or problems as
addressed in the introduction. Include
the following about each article:
REQUIREMENTS AND
GRADING: Continued

identify the research question(s);
describe the study, including the
methods and type of research design;
describe the research findings;
and describe the study limitations
or inadequacies. (maximum of 2 pages)
20 points.
REQUIREMENTS AND
GRADING:
3. Give two nursing interventions identified
in your literature review. (See number
2) Give the reasons these interventions
are applicable
to the client, diagnosis, and problems
stated in the introduction.

10 points.
REQUIREMENTS AND
GRADING:
4. Discuss in depth the possible benefits
of the identified nursing interventions for
your client. (See number 3) In your
analysis, incorporate all five holistic
dimensions of the person and address
how the identified nursing interventions
and each of the holistic dimensions may
affect the other.
 25 points.
REQUIREMENTS AND
GRADING:
5. Discuss in depth how the findings
(from 2) can be incorporated into
evidence based nursing practice
(implications for practice). Explain how
this could be incorporated into both the
clinical site where process recording
took place and your future nursing
practice. (Minimum of 2 pages)

20 points.
REQUIREMENTS AND
GRADING:
6. Conclusion includes a concise summary
of what you have addressed in this
paper.

5 points.
REQUIREMENTS AND
GRADING:
7. References and reference page in 5th
Edition APA format. Two references.
Research studies or articles (see #2
above) must be from nursing journals.
Electronic sources must have validity and
reliability. Submit copies of your
research articles with your paper.
Pre-approve articles with clinical
instructor prior to paper due date.
REQUIREMENTS AND
GRADING:
8. APA format and appearance of
paper. Paper to be typed in 5th
edition APA format with text a
minimum of 7 pages and maximum of 10 pages and submitted
to the clinical instructor. The
paper will not be accepted
without section headings.
 5 points.
Publication Manual of the
American Psychological
Association, 5th ed.
Often shortened to APA MANUAL.
 A copy is available at Ready Reference .
 Call number is WZ 345 P512P 2001.

These Databases may help
your research efforts:



CINAHL, available from 1982-present
MEDLINE, available from 1966-present
While the Cochrane Library Evidencebased Medicine is considered the Gold
Standard for medicine, few topics are
included for nursing.
Databases continued:


At this time, in your research career, use
only MEDLINE and CINAHL for this
particular assignment.
The properties of each database will be
discussed separately.
Searching:

After you get to MEDLINE/PubMed,
choose the database you wish.
Select them ONE at a TIME since
you are moving between
government and proprietary
databases and they each have
separate and unique subject
headings.
SAMPLE CINAHL SEARCH

Go to the Library web page,
 http://www.ahsl.arizona.edu
Scroll down the left side of the page
and click on MEDLINE/PubMed.
 CLICK on the blue Start Ovid
capsule.

Cumulative Index to
Nursing and Allied Health
Literature
(CINAHL)
What does CINAHL include?
Journal articles
 Dissertations
 Chapter and book citations
 Standards of professional practice
 Audiovisual materials and
educational software
 Conference Proceedings

CINAHL is available online
from 1982 to the present.
Prior to 1982, you can use the
“Red Index” Cumulative Index to
Nursing and Allied Health
Literature found in Reference to
look for citations.
CINAHL is a proprietary
(subscription)database.
SEARCHING CINAHL
Scroll down the list of databases
until you reach CINAHL. Click on
this.
 In the search box, place the
following subject headings on
separate lines. Explode and focus
each term.
 Each will have its own set number.

As you begin to search: A
few helpful hints….
Don’t restrict your search to
OVID full text. OVID has some
full-text articles, but the Library
has access to about 6,000
electronic journal subscriptions.
 The Library also holds journals in
print format which may go further
back in time than the electronic
version.

Keep one thought to a line.
Combine terms as set numbers.
 Do not combine “or’s” and “and’s”
together in the same search line.

Still more helpful hints:

Make sure the mapping key is
checked.
More helpful hints:

Begin your search with either the
CINAHL or the MEDLINE database.
Do NOT go into the Journals@ OVID
full-text first. You will waste
considerable amounts of time and
may not find what you want.
CINAHL Searching

This is how the initial search page
looks.
Place search term here.
Search Terms for a
Research Paper
It is wise to put as many research
terms into a search as you can.
 Each term may be placed on a
separate line, but if you type in the
word RESEARCH, a selection
appears that you may select from.

Terms for a Research Paper
There are a number of research
terms that can be grouped in a set.
 They will all be “ORed”.
 Some of these are shown below.

Searching Continued:
When you “OR” these terms
together, you have a huge number
of citations.
 Next, insert the condition, disease,
or other search term you wish to
research.

Exploding terms:

Select the Explode box if you wish
to retrieve citations using the
selected term and all of its more
specific terms which are indented
to the right under the major term.
This expands, or increases, your
retrieval.
Focusing terms:

Select the Focus box to limit your
search to those articles in which
your subject heading is identified as
one of the major points of the article
Exploding and Focusing

You may do both, explode and focus
or you may do neither.
Searching
Add the term schizophrenia, explode
the term.
 Select all subheadings
 Results are 3,605 citations.

Searching:
Combine the term schizophrenia
 AND the terms that are “Or’ed” and
now there are 958 citations. Next
begin the limitation process.

Most citations are in English,
but CINAHL includes foreign
language documents as well
Limit to English since the Library has very
few journals written in foreign languages.
 Click on the target or More Limits below
the search box.

Limit to years: depending
on the assignment, you
may wish to limit retrieval
to a certain number of
years. Usually citations
from the last three to five
years are the most
acceptable.
CINAHL allows you to
limit: You may request
only peer-reviewed
journals.
You may request only
nursing journals.
Each time you limit, you
must request only one
limit in any one specific
box.
DISPLAYING THE SEARCH:
As you begin to review the citations,
look to the right below each citation.
 It will say: abstract, complete
reference and often full text.
 The full text may be in different
print formats. It may be PDF, ASCII,
or HTML.

Article retrieval:

If the article isn’t available in full
text in OVID, it may be in the
electronic journals which the
Library owns or available in a
paper copy on the third floor.
FINDING THE ARTICLES

In the search containing 79 citations that
was done, here is what the library owns:



13 of the full-text are in the CINAHL database
and could be printed from there in PDF
format.
9 are not available. You may have to get an
interlibrary loan.
57 are available in print and/or electronic
versions via AHSL.
COMPONENTS OF A
RESEARCH PAPER
CINAHL does not use the
same indexing terms as
MEDLINE, nor the
Cochrane databases in
some cases
SAMPLES OF SEARCHES:

These searches are samples of what
may be considered medical or
surgical research articles. They
have been limited in CINAHL to
nursing and peer reviewed journals
from 2001 to 2006.
MEDLINE



Includes a nursing index. The
International Nursing Index is here.
The time line is further back, records are
included from 1966 to present.
There are many foreign language journals
in this database. If you request an interlibrary loan, of a foreign language journal
article, the article will be in the language
indicated on the screen.
Go to the Ovid Searches:
Select MEDLINE instead of CINAHL
as the database to search.
 Select the years 1996-present.
 You will be have more “limits”
available.
 The “peer review” limit is NOT
available in MEDLINE.

SEARCHING:
To facilitate the search, include a
group of terms that are applicable.
Each term is added on a separate
line.
 Each term is “exploded” and
“focused” when you mark the box
opposite the term.
 Select all subheadings and continue.

Searching continued:







Here are the terms to add. Place each on
a separate line in your search strategy.
Nursing research
Pilot projects
Data collection
Reproducibility of results
Prospective studies
Longitudinal studies.
Searching:




Use “or” (which is like the mathematical
“addition” sign +)
“or”ing (or adding) the subject headings
of the 6 terms you have listed will create
a larger set of results.
Next you add the psychiatric or mental
disorder that is of interest to you.
Schizophrenia is used to be consistent
with the search in CINAHL.
Searching:

When you “OR” you get “more”, but
when you take this string of OR’s
and “AND” it to another term on a
different line, your retrieval will be
less.
Limiting:

You may do a number of “limits” at
the same time. On the following
screen, the limits are years, ages,
language, and to “human only”.
Limiting:
You may limit to a type of journal,
such as nursing journals.
 MEDLINE doesn’t have a limit for
peer reviewed journals.

Limiting:
As you can see, each limit decreases
the search significantly. You may
wish to select articles from both
CINAHL and MEDLINE. Some may
be duplicates.
 Some may not be in full text. You
may have to check the catalog and
e-journal list to see if the library
holds the journal.

For further assistance:
Hannah Fisher
 Hannah@ahsl.arizona.edu
 626-2933
 Mary Riordan
 Mriordan@ahsl.arizona.edu
 626-3510
