The Internet and World Wide Web Robert T. Grauer rgrauer@miami.edu www.bus.miami.edu/~rgrauer Overview • The Internet and World Wide Web – Origin and Terminology – Components of a URL – Search engines • E-Commerce – Security and privacy • Introduction to HTML 2 The Internet • A network of networks • Began in 1969 as ARPAnet (Advanced Research Projects Agency) • No central authority and thus impossible to state the precise size • The Internet is not free just because you may not pay for it 3 Internet Services • E-mail rgrauer@miami.edu Host Computer User name Every address is unique! 4 The World Wide Web • A subset of the Internet consisting of all computers with hypertext or hypermedia documents • These documents contain references (links) to other documents which may be on a different computer anywhere in the world • Began in 1991 at the European Particle Physics Laboratory (CERN) in Switzerland 5 A Client/Server Model • A server (Web server or Web site) is any computer that stores then downloads hypermedia documents • A client (a PC or a Mac) is any computer that requests then displays hypermedia documents • Every client must be able to display every document from every server and does so through a browser (e.g., Netscape or Internet Explorer) 6 Acronyms Abound • HTTP - HyperText Transfer Protocol is used to transmit hypermedia documents • HTTPS - A secure protocol for confidential transactions (e.g., credit cards) • HTML - HyperText Markup Language is the language used to write hypermedia documents • TCP/IP - Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol governs the flow of data across the Internet 7 The URL not the Browser . . . URL address Hyperlink 8 A Series of Hyperlinks . . . URL address changes 9 About the URL • The URL of major sites often has the format: www.company.com • Examples: www.microsoft.com www.netscape.com www.nba.com www.lycos.com • Break the URL into its components 10 URL (Uniform Resource Locator) http://www.bus.miami.edu/~rgrauer/120Syl.html Document Directory Web server Protocol (e.g., http or ftp) 11 Document Not Found http://www.bus.miami.edu/~rgrauer/120sy.html Invalid Document Directory Web server Protocol (e.g., http or ftp) Solution - Try backing up one level at a time 12 Add to (Favorites) Bookmarks 13 Saving Bookmarks • First you have to open the bookmarks. To open the bookmarks select the bookmark icon and choose to Edit bookmarks. • Once the bookmark file is Open, then select File/Save As... • Be sure to save it as bookmark.htm • Save this file as you would any other file. You have the choice of saving to a diskette or to your hard drive. 14 Importing Your Bookmark. • If you happen to lose your bookmark file you can simply import the copy you saved. To do so: Open your bookmarks: • Once the bookmark file is Open, then select File/Import • It will then prompt you to locate the saved fileBe sure to save it as bookmark.htm • Save this file as you would any other file. You have the choice of saving to a diskette or to your hard drive. 15 Remember to Refresh 16 Searching Versus Browsing 17 Back up in the URL 18 Use a Different Engine 19 Advanced Search Techniques 20 Summary of Search Techniques • Use Multiple Engines • Use logical operators - AND, OR, and NOT; use Help facility • Search on a concept; e.g., “first ladies” for “Eleanor Roosevelt” • Explore the URL • Set bookmarks (favorites) 21 Searching • There is an excellent tutorial on searching the internet at http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/TeachingLib/Guid es/Internet/FindInfo.html. • At the UNB Saint John Ward Chipman Library at: http://www.unbsj.ca/library/research/index.htm you will find an excellent starting point for electronic research. 22 E-commerce Entails . . . • The exchange of goods and services – – – – – Buyer and seller Products and suppliers A place to “meet” Marketing to attract the buyer Accept and process the order • All of these elements are present in ecommerce and traditional commerce 23 What’s Different • For the Seller – Open 24/7 – Shoppers from anywhere – Virtual inventory is cheaper and extensive – Lower transaction costs – Target your customers – Build an order over time • For the Buyer – Open 24/7 – Never leave home – Easy to view and explore product line – Comparison shop – Web site knows you – Build an order over time 24 Security and Privacy • Depends on secure transactions – Https protocol – Encryption • Privacy – Cookie is a small file written to your disk each time you visit a site – Problem is when one site can read many cookies; e.g. Double Click.com 25 E- Commerce Models • • • • • • • Advertising (USA Today) Level Playing Field (Amazon & CDNow) Selling Free Information (Found Money) Make the Customer Pay(Fed Ex) Improved Ordering (Dell) Disseminate Client Data (Prudential) Download Programs and Updates 26 Advertising - www.usatoday.com 27 Free Info - www.foundmoney.com 28 Customer Pays - www.fedex.com 29 Improved order - www.dell.com 30 Client Information (client.prusec.com) https (secure protocol) Icon changes - security lock 31 Download Programs & Updates 32 In Class Assignment • Go to the Dell website and design a system for youself that will be used for the next three years. No printer or Applications software is included in this. Taxes are extra. You would prefer a three year warranty. 33 Resources • http://help.unc.edu/documentation/pdf/iig01.pdf • http://help.unc.edu/documentation/pdf/iis05.pdf 34