Warm UP
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Please staple & turn in Chapter 9 Study
Guide to homework tray!
Quiz Time!
10 minutes!
Countdown
The Avignon Papacy and the Great
Schism
Question: Why did people in the
Middle Ages and Renaissance
have such a deep faith in the
Church?
Comfort and Reassurance
Needed salvation and sacraments to go to
heaven
Temporal (Earthly) Authority of
Church Weakened
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Influence of strong
monarchs and
national governments
Boniface VIII battled
French Philip the Fair
King wants to tax the
French clergy
Papal Bulls (bulla or decrees)
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Clericos Laicos 1296:
Clergy were not to pay
any tax to a lay ruler
Unam Sanctam 1302:
Pope was the supreme
authority-even over kings
Phillip invaded Italy and
tried to take Boniface VIII
prisoner for ransom.
Pope dies of humiliation
& stress
Babylonian Captivity 1309-77
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1305: French bishop
elected Pope
Clement V: leaves
Rome and moves
papacy to Avignon
Technically a papal
controlled city-state,
seen as a puppet of
The French Monarch
Pope Built Papal “Palace”
St. Peter’s in Rome
Financial Corruption Grew
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Traditional tithe for
upkeep of local churches
now a tax
Church officials pay
annates (first year
income) to pope
All fees from a vacant
position in church went to
pope
Simony (selling of church
offices) reintroduced
Building a bureaucracy to
collect revenues for the
pope
How do you think the people saw
this change in the role of the
church?
Popes are viewed as corrupted by
worldly power
Neglecting their spiritual duties
John Wycliffe
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Wycliffe was an Oxford Theologian
Advocated the rights of kings against the
popes/clergy
Church = Spiritual / King = Temporal
Followers called Lollards and preached in
the vernacular, favored reforms
Donatism- efficacy of rituals depended
upon the personal worthiness of the clergy
Jan Huss
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Rector of University of Prague
Inspired by Wycliffe of Oxford
Denied the Miracle of Transubtantiantion
Concurred with Donatism
Burned at the stake by the Council of
Constance in 1414
Later militant Hussites (Taborites) won
concessions from the Council of Basel
Warm UP #1
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What attitudes towards
death are reflected in this
image by Trionfi (circa
1470-1480)?
Are these attitudes similar
to those written in
Boccacio’s The
Decameron? Explain.
Warm UP #2
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How does this chart
relate to social
unrest?
What about political
or religious unrest?
Return to Rome: 1377
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Gregory XI moves the
papal residence back to
Rome- dies
Roman mobs force the
election of an Italian
pope- Urban VI
French cardinals escape
to Avignon and elect an
alternative pope
Both Popes
excommunicate each
other
Great Schism 1378-1437
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TWO popes have
different allies
Roman Pope vs. Avignon
Pope
Council of Pisa: Asks
popes to resign and
elects its own pope
THREE popes!!!
Council of Constance
1414: Gets rid of all
three and elects Martin V
Conciliar Movement
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Theory- Church
Councils are
superior to the
Pope
Councils Pisa,
Constance & Basel
sought to end the
Great Schism and
clarify doctrine
How does all of this damage the
reputation of the Church?
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Laity is upset w/ excess & conflict
Papacy disgraced as an institution
Church is ripe for REFORMATION
Mongol Rule in Russia (1243–
1480)
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Mongols, or Tatars, sweep through China, Islamic world,
& Russia, 13th c.
Ghengis Khan (1155–1227) invades Russia, 1223
Russian cities become tribute-paying principalities of part
of Mongol Empire known as the Golden Horde
Russians impressed into Mongol military service, women
taken as wives/concubines, some sold into slavery
partial Islamization of Russian society
1380: beginning of Mongol decline in Russia; ends 1480
under Ivan the Great
Homework
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GGS Out of Eden Due
8/24
Finish Annotations for
pages 306-314
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Answer both of these
questions
1. If you want to interpret the
Late Middle Ages as a period
of decline, what arguments
and evidence would you
emphasize?
2. If you want to interpret this
period as one of transition,
what arguments and evidence
would you emphasize?