Name____________________________________ Pd____________________ Date_________________
Mr. Orend Honors Biology
Cell Transport Study Guide
1. What is diffusion?
a. Give 4 examples of diffusion
b. What causes molecules to diffuse from high to low concentration?
c. What is concentration? Determine which solutions have the
highest/lowest….
2. What is the cell membrane?
a. What is the job of the cell membrane?
b. What is the structure of a phospholipid? Draw one. Label phosphate
head, fatty acids,, and polar and non-polar regions.
c. What is phospholipid bilayer? Draw it. Label hydrophilic and
hydrophobic regions.
d. What kinds of substances does the cell need to transport in/out?
e. What does it mean to be selectively permeable?
f. What substances cross easily? Which substance move more slowly?
3. What is osmosis?
a. Define and identify hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic solutions.
b. Know how to determine which direction water moves.
c. What happens to a cell if it gains/loses water?
d. What is the difference in structure between animal and plant cells?
e. How do animal and plant cells respond differently to hypertonic
solutions?
f. Be able to draw a cell, determine solute/water concentration, and
direction of water.
i. PRACTICE:
1. A plant cell with 10% intracellular salt concentration is placed
in a solution with 15% salt concentration
2. An animal cell with 80% intracellular salt concentration is
placed in a solution with 15% salt concentration
3. An animal cell with 19% intracellular salt concentration is
placed in a solution with 15% salt concentration
4. A plant cell with 36% intracellular salt concentration is placed
in a solution with 47% salt concentration
5. A bacterial cell with 29% intracellular salt concentration is
placed in a solution with 29% salt concentration
6. An animal cell with 88% intracellular salt concentration is
placed in a solution with 65% salt concentration
4. What is osmoregulation?
a. Why is this important in fish?
b. What organ controls the amount of water uptake/release in humans?
c. Understand real-life osmosis examples:
i. Why do patients receive saline drips?
ii. Why are plants damaged by road salt?
iii. What causes lactose intolerance?
iv. Why do cells store glucose as starch/glycogen?
v. Why is there so much sugar in jams and jellies?
vi. Why does gargling salt water help a sore throat?
5. What is the difference between passive transport and active transport?
a. Why can’t some substances move across the membrane freely?
b. What is facilitated diffusion? Draw a transport protein in the membrane.
c. How do transport proteins affect the rate of diffusion?
d. What types of substances move through the membrane by facilitated
diffusion?
6. What is active transport?
a. In which direction do substance move through active transport?
b. What is the sodium-potassium pump and how does it work?
c. What is exocytosis?
d. What is endocytosis?
e. What is phagocytosis? What is pinocytosis?
f. Give examples of endo- and exocytosis.
7. What is signal transduction?
a. What is a receptor protein?
b. How do receptor proteins interact with hormones?
c. How does a signal transduction pathway occur?
d. Give examples of processes that rely on signal transduction.