Table 11-1. Chapter 11 Outline (Kerbo, p. 343)
•
Defining Race and Ethnicity
•
Racial and Ethnic Inequality
•
A History of Race and Ethnicity
•
Global Immigration: Comparative Views
•
Theories of Racial and Ethnic Inequality
Table 11-2. Black/White and Latino/White Household
Income (Percent), 1972-2005 (Kerbo, p. 347)
Year
Black/White
Latino/White
1972
57.5%
74.4%
1975
59.5%
71.3%
1980
56.6%
71.7%
1985
58.1%
68.6%
1990
58.4%
69.8%
1995
60.2%
61.1%
2000
66.3%
72.8%
2003
62.0%
69.0%
2005
61%
71%
Figure 11-1. Median Household Income by Race
Figure 11-2. Median Household Income (in Thousands of
2007 U.S. Dollars) by Race of Householder
70000
60000
50000
black
latino
white
asian
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
1967 1972 1977 1982 1987 1992 1997 2002 2007
Source: Table H-5. Race and Hispanic Origin of Householder
--Households by Median and Mean Income: 1967 to 2000 (census.gov)
Figure 11-3. Median Household Income (in Thousands of
2007 U.S. Dollars) by Race of Householder
70000
60000
50000
black
latino
white
asian
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Source: Table H-5. Race and Hispanic Origin of Householder
--Households by Median and Mean Income: 1967 to 2000 (census.gov)
Figure 11-4. Racial and Gender Gaps (Compared to White
Men) in Mean Income, 1974-2004
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
Black F
Black M
White F
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
1974
1984
1994
2004
Source: Hogan and Perrucci 2006 (census.gov, 2005)
Table 11-3. Unemployment Rates for Whites, Blacks, and
Latinos, 1980-2006 (Kerbo, p. 349)
Year
Whites
Blacks
Latinos
1980
6.3%
14.3%
10.1%
1985
6.2%
15.1%
10.5%
1990
4.8%
11.4%
8.2%
1995
4.9%
10.4%
9.3%
1998
3.9%
8.9%
7.2%
1999
3.7%
8.0%
6.4%
2000
3.5%
7.6%
5.7%
2001
4.2%
8.6%
6.6%
2002
5.1%
10.2%
7.5%
2004
5.0%
10.1%
7.0%
2006
4.1%
9.2%
5.6%
Table 11-4. Occupational Distribution for Blacks and
Latinos, 1983-2002 (Kerbo, p. 332)
Percent Black
Percent Latino
1983
2002
2005
1983
2002
2005
Prof/Mgr
5.6%
8%
8.1%
2.6%
5.8%
6.4%.
Tech/Sales
7.6%
10.8%
11.2%
4.3%
9.8%
11.1%
Service
16.6%
17.6%
15.8%
6.8%
18.1%
19.2%
Craft
6.8%
7.4%
7.1%
6.2%
17.1%
23.1%
Labor
14%
15.1%
14.1%
8.3%
19.6%
19.2%
Figure 11-5. Median Household Income by Race
Table 11-5. White, Black and Latino Percent High School
Graduates, 1960-2005 (Kerbo, p. 355)
Year
Whites
Blacks
Latinos
1960
43.2%
20.1%
-
1970
54.5%
31.4%
32.1%
1980
68.8%
51.4%
44.0%
1990
79.1%
66.2%
50.8%
2000
84.9%
78.5%
57.0%
2005
85.7%
81.1%
58.5%
Figure 11-6. White, Black, and Latino Percent College
Graduates, 1960-2005 (Kerbo, p. 355)
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Latinos
Blacks
Whites
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
2005
3.1
8.1
4.5
4.4
11.3
7.6
8.4
17.1
9.2
11.3
22
10.6
16.5
26.1
12
17.6
28
Figure 11-7. Percent White, Black, and Latino Persons Aged
25-29 By Educational Attainment in 2003 (Kerbo, p. 357)
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
White
Black
Latino
<HS
HS
some
Coll
BA+
Figure 11-8. Income for White, Black, and Latino Persons By
Educational Attainment in 2004 (Kerbo, p. 359)
$150,000
$100,000
$50,000
$0
<HS
HS
BA
MA
Pro PhD
White $19,3 $28,6 $51,5 $67,4 $116, $95,2
Black $17,9 $23,4 $42,2 $57,1 $101, $82,6
Latino $19,0 $25,9 $45,2 $57,5 $94,1
Figure 2-10. Median U.S. Household Net Worth by Race, 1991 and 2004 (from Kerbo,
p. 34) and Percent of White Wealth for Black Households
$150,000
$100,000
$50,000
$0
1991
2004
White
$44,408
118,300
Black
$4,604
$11,800
% of W 1991 %of W 2004
10%
10%
Figure 2-11. Median Income and Net Worth for White Families and Other Families in
2001(From The Wealth Inequality Reader, p. 14)
$150,000
$100,000
$50,000
$0
White
Other
Income
Net Worth
$45,200
$25,700
$120,900
$17,900
%White
Income
% White
Net Worth
57%
15%
Table 11-6. Percent of Population Foreign Born by Country, 1997
(Kerbo, Sixth Edition, p. 353; compiled from CIA report)
Country
Foreign Born (Percent)
Canada
17.4%
United States
9.3%
Sweden
6.0%
Netherlands
9.2%
Japan
1.2%
Britain
3.6%
France
6.3%
Switzerland
19.0%
Australia
21.2%
Germany
9.0%
Figure 11-9. Foreign Born in U.S. By Region of Origin
Figure 11-10. Foreign Born Population in the U.S., 1960-2003 (in
Millions)
35
30
25
20
Foreign
15
10
5
0
1960
1970
1980
1990
2003
Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Table 3. Foreign –Born Population: 1960 to 1990;
Current Population Survey, 2003, Annual Social and Economic Supplement
Table 10-7.Wright’s Class Categories by Race and Sex
(Kerbo, p. 338)
Class
White Males
White Females
Black Males
Black Females
Capitalist
3.0%
0.7%
0%
0%
Small employer
8.2%
4.9%
0%
1.3%
Petit Bourgeois
6.4%
8.8%
3.6%
0%
Tot Self Empl
17.6%
14.4%
3.6%
1.3%
Expert Mgrs
8.5%
2.8%
5.1%
0%
Skilled Mgrs
5.7%
2.4%
2.0%
0%
Unskilled Mgrs
2.3%
3.9%
1.0%
6.3%
Expert Super
4.2%
1.7%
1.3%
1.7%
Skilled Super
7.9%
4.3%
7.5%
2.0%
Unskilled Supr
5.0%
9.3%
4.6%
7.7%
Experts
3.2%
3.5%
2.9%
1.8%
Skilled Worker
17.4%
7.7%
23.3%
10.9%
Unskilled Wkr
28.2%
50.0%
47.7%
68.4%