Name: ___________________________ Hour: _____
The Periodic Law
The present organization of the elements is a product of the first periodic table published by
Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869. The amazing accuracy of his predictions has been very important
to chemists in this century. However, the basis of his arrangement was the atomic masses of
the elements. This approach proved incorrect as it would have placed some elements in a
family with dissimilar properties. Henry Moseley rearranged the table on the bases of the
atomic numbers of the elements. In accordance with Moseley’s revision, the periodic law
states: the properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers.
Each of the 109 known elements has its own set of characteristic properties. These range
from solid to gas, lusterous to dull, low to high melting point, various colors, and so on. The
elements are arranged within the periodic table into groups or families (vertical columns)
and periods or rows (horizontal rows). The arrangement reflects the periodic or repeating
nature of the properties of the elements.
In this experiment, you will use your knowledge of periodic properties and a list of clues to
correctly arrange the elements from a scrambled periodic table. You will also predict values
for any information missing from the table.
Objectives
In this exercise, you will



Arrange the elements in Groups 1, 2, 13 – 18 (IA – VIIIA) according to a list of clues and
your knowledge of periodic properties,
Predict the missing properties of each element based on location in the table, and
Explain the trends of properties in families and periods.
Procedure
1. Each block on the blank periodic table represents a different element from Groups 1 – 18
(IA – VIIIA).
2. Cut out blocks A – Z. Use the following clues to arrange the elements in their proper order
on the blank periodic table. After you have placed these 26 elements in their correct
position, glue them in place.
3. After you have placed blocks A – Z, cut out the remaining 16 blocks (*). Use the
information provided in each block and your knowledge of periodic properties to
arrange these elements in their proper position on the blank periodic table. Glue these
blocks into place.
4. Some of the blocks have missing information. Predict the values for the missing items from
the location of the element on the periodic table.
Clues

The following sets of elements belong together in groups: ZRD, PSIF, JXBE, LHT, QKA,
WOV, GUN, YMC.

J has an atomic number three times that of T.

U has a total of six electrons.

I2A is the simple formula of an oxide.

P is less dense than S.

S is an alkali metal.

E is a noble gas.

W is a liquid.

Z has the smallest atomic mass in its group.

B has ten protons.

O has an atomic number larger than V.

D has the largest atomic mass of its group.

C has five electrons in its outer energy level.

F is a gas.

X has an atomic number one higher than F.

L is an alkaline earth element with atomic mass of 40.

Y is a metalloid.

O is a halogen.

The atomic mass of T is more than that of H.

Q has an atomic mass 2 times that of A.

Atoms of I are larger than those of S.

M has an atomic number one less than that of A.

The electrons of atom N are distributed over three energy levels.

The atomic radius of K is the largest of the group.
Atomic #
Density
Symbol
Code
Phase
Oxidation #
Atomic Radii
Melting Point, ˚C
IA (1)
VIIIA (18)
1
IIA (2)
2
3
4
5
6
IIIA (13)
IVA (14)
VA (15)
VIA (16)
VIIA (17)
______
0.0014
______
______
gas
0.0009
-218
0.160
A
____
______
I
0.862
______
0.0037
____
64
______
Q
2.07
0.198
____
113
______
Y
813
______
*
3+,
0.155
11.3
______
Z
2079
0.248
______
______
______
*
______
2-,
*
28
______
2.54
______
*
2+
328
0.215
______
S
______
769
______
______
T
______
*
2+,
39
______
4+,
7.31
6+
450
0.163
M
gas
*
-259
0.123
______
______
N
2.33
U
5.32
1410
0.099
______
______
______
V
5.32
0.111
______
______
______
______
______
0.0059
0.136
______
4.93
______
*
______
______
*
1+,
0.170
gas
0.111
1278
______
______
P
0.534
____
-101
______
W liquid
0.152
181
______
______
X
0.534
-7
______
0.14
0.122
0.0097
3+
______
gas
0
304
0.22
______
*
2+,
______
*
-272
19.8
302
______
gas
____
1-112
11.85
______
*
gas
0.218
10.128
*
0
631
____
937
O
______
H
1.85
____
-219
5+
______
____
____
*
G
______
0.117
0.0016
______
____
0.072
3+
157
5.32
____
______
3+,
______
gas
3550
6.69
232
1+,
0.053
F
______
0.077
4+
0.141
______
-189
____
649
7.31
0.00009
-210
0.0013
0.160
______
gas
______
______
______
____
0.070
____
217
______
____
839
1.74
*
6.24
______
0.0013
0.197
1+
0.083
0.265
217
E
0.191
____
*
1.53
______
L
____
______
2+, 4+
0.175
0.971
____
271
______
R
______
1.87
______
______
____
29.8
1.55
0.114
0.114
5+
______
______
0.0018
0.122
____
______
______
____
K
4.79
____
0.125
9.75
gas
______
D
5.90
44
______
660
2.34
______
____
0.143
____
______
0.115
____
0.104
5.7
-249
-157
______
2.70
______
1.82
______
J
______
C
gas
____
0.227
______
B
______
____
0.066
______
______
4+
0.167
254
______
3.5
______
*
2+
-71
725