Name ___________________________________Mod ______ Date ____________
HUMAN ANATOMY - REVIEW WORKSHEET
CHAP. 15 – Cardiovascular System
Location of the Heart
1. Posterior to the __Sternum____
2. ___medial_______ to the lungs
3. ___anterior___________ to the vertebral column
4. The base lays ____2nd rib________________
5. The apex lays ___towards left___________________
6. It lies just above _____6th rib__________________
7. Mediastinum - ____central cavity__________
Coverings of the Heart
1. Outermost - ___fibrous pericardium_________________
2. Middle - ____parietal pericardium____________
3. Innermost - ____visceral pericardium_________ (same as
_epicardium__)
Wall of the Heart
1. Outer layer - ___epicardium____________ (same as visceral pericardium
function - __protection, release serous fluid____________________________
3. Inner layer - _____endocardium_______________
function - _____maintains smooth surface____________
Heart Chambers and Valves
The heart is divided into four chambers:
1. __Right Atrium________
a. Receives deoxygenated blood from the:
1). Inferior vena cava
2). __superior vena cava______
3). __coronary sinus_______
2. Right ventricle
a. Receives deoxygenated blood from the ___R. Atrium_____
3. Left atrium
a. Receives oxygenated blood from the __Lungs________
4. Left ventricle
a. Receives oxygenated blood from the L. Atrium
Valves
There are 2 S-L valves:
1. __Pulmonary valve_______ - located in the pulmonary artery
2. _aortic valve_____- located in the aorta
There are 2 A-V valves:
3. ___Bicuspid_____- on the left side of the heart
4. __Tricuspid______________- on the right side of the heart
Path of Blood Through the Heart – Trace the path of blood by listing all b.v’s, chambers,
valves & the lungs. Start from when it enters the heart on the right side.
1.__Sup & Inf Vena Cava____
7. ___Lungs_________
2.___R. Atrium_______
8.___Pulmonary vein_________
3.___Tricuspid valve________
9.___L. Atrium__________
4.___R. Ventricle ____
10.__Bicuspid______________
5.__Pulmonary Valve____________ 11.__L. Ventricle__________
6. _____Pulmonary artery_______ 12.__Aortic Valve__________
Heart Actions
Heart actions are regulated so that atria contract (____systole_______) while the
ventricles relax (____diastole________); followed by the ventricle______contract while
_atrium__relax.
Heart Sounds
1. A heart beat through a stethoscope sounds like ____Lubb Dupp___
2. The “lubb”
It occurs during ___ventricular systole_____
The _A-V__ valves are closing
3. The “dupp”
It occurs during _ventricular diastole______
The S-A
Cardiac Conduction System – Trace the path of the cardiac conduction system by starting
at the heart’s primary pacemaker.
1. ___S-A Node____________
4. ___AV Bundle (Bundle of His)____
2. ___Nerve Fiber _______
5. ___Bundle Fibers _______
3. _A-V node___(secondary pacemaker) 6. ___Purkinje Fibers _________
1.
Blood Pressure
1. CO= Stroke volume x heart rate
2. 4 factors
a. Heart action
b. Peripheral resistance
c. Blood volume
d. Viscosity
Blood Vessels
Arteries- three layers or tunics
1. Lining - ____tunica intima__________
2. Middle layer of smooth muscle - _____tunica media_______
3. Outer layer of connective tissue - ____tunica externa__________
4. Carry blood under _____high_pressure________
Capillaries
1. Smallest b.v. - connect _______arterioles and venules________
Veins:
1. Different from arteries in 2 ways:
___thicker tunica media_____________
___valves______________
2. Carry blood under _____low pressure______
5. Function as ___deoxygenated blood transport_______________