12: RIZAL IN JAPAN
(FEB-APR 1888)
Certainly! This will
be economical on
my part. Besides, I
have nothing to
hide
I am inviting you live with us at
the Spanish Legation, Pepe!
English & French?
I.No woman, like you, has ever loved me and sacrificed for me.
YOU TEMPT
ME!
No woman, like you, has
ever loved me and
sacrificed for me.
LEFT JAPAN: APRIL 13, 1888
ARRIVED IN SAN
FRANCISCO: APRIL 28, 1888
TRAVEL TIME FROM JAPAN
TO US: 16 DAYS
 a champion of human
rights
 was forced by the
Japanese government
to leave his country
 Storm over the Sea,
which resembles Noli Me
Tangere and The Big
Ocean, which resembles
El Filibusterismo
13: RIZAL IN
UNITED STATES
(LESS THAN A
MONTH)
 To win the votes
of the whites in
California
(election was
near), the
administration:
 impeded the
entry of Chinese
coolies
 POSITIVE
 The opportunities for better life
offered to poor immigrants
 Material progress of the country as
shown in great cities, huge farms,
flourishing industries, busy
factories
 Drive and energy of the American
people
 Natural beauty of the land
 High standard of living
 NEGATIVE
 America is a land par excellence of
freedom but only for the whites
14: RIZAL IN
LONDON
(1888-89)
 It was necessary to
discuss the past!
 To awaken our past
consciousness
 To rectify what has
been removed from
our culture
 annotations that
showed the
Philippines was an
advanced
civilization prior to
the Spanish conquest
 TERMS OF
ENDEARMENT?
 Rizal called her
 “Gettie
 she called him
 “Pettie”
 Rizal suddenly realized
that he could not
marry Gettie:
 for he had a mission
to fulfill in life
 Persecution of
the Filipino
patriots
 who signed
the “AntiFriar
Petition of
1888”
 Persecution of the
Calamba tenants,
including Rizal’s family
and relatives:
 for their courage to
petition the
government for
agrarian reforms.
 Furious attacks on Rizal
 by some Senators in
the Spanish Cortes
 by some media men in
Spanish newspapers
 Rizal’s brother-in-law,
Manuel Hidalgo, husband
of Saturnina:
 was exiled by Governor
General Weyler to Bohol
without due process of law.
 A friend of Rizal,
Laureano Viado, a
medical student at the
University of Santo Tomas,
was arrested and jailed in
Bilibid Prison
 because copies of the Noli
were found in his house
 Rev. Vicente Garcia’s defense of
the Noli against the attacks of the
friars
 Rizal’s letter to Garcia:
 From time to time turn our gaze
upon our elders.
 We shall wish to read in their
countenances approval of our
actions
 To learn of the Philippines’ past
which we need to understand in
order to plan intelligently for
the future
 Filipinos in Barcelona who
were planning to establish
a patriotic society which
would cooperate in the
crusade for reforms
 This society, called
Associacion La
Solidaridad
(Solidaridad
Association)
 Rizal: honorary President
(recognition of his
leadership)
 Tolerance should
prevail:
 when it concerns trifles
that do not affect the
essential part of a thing
 No one should resent
defeat
 The individual should
give way to the welfare
of the society
 A great deal of integrity
and much good will
 No member should
expect rewards or
honors for what he does
 expect to be later
treated unjustly
 because in anomalous
countries, injustice is
the prize for those who
fulfill their duties.
 Graciano Lopez Jaena
(VICE-PRESIDENT)
 founded the patriotic
newspaper called La
Solidaridad in
Barcelona
 served as:
 the organ of the
Propaganda
Movement
 To work peacefully :
 for political and social
reforms
 To portray the deplorable
conditions of the
Philippines
 so that Spain may
remedy them
 To oppose:
 the evil forces of reaction and
medievalism
 To advocate:
 liberal ideas and progress
 To champion the legitimate
aspirations of the Filipino
people:
 to life, democracy, and
happiness
 See that the periodical is:
 just, honest, and
truthful so that its
opinion may always be
respected
 It is necessary that we
show our enemies:
 that we are more
worthy than they,
morally and humanly
speaking.
 Los Agricultores Filipinos (The
Filipino Farmers)
 deplorable conditions in the Philippines
which cause the backwardness of the
country
 The Filipino farmer has to struggle not
only against petty tyrants and robbers
 After the floods, locusts, fires, bad
harvests:
 The farmer capitalist has to deal with the
constable who takes away from his
laborers for personal service
 Civil guard who arrests them for various
reasons: to clean the barracks
 “Dimas Salang” = satire
depicting a spirited dialogue
between St. Augustine and
Fr. Rodriguez
 to write more stupidity
so that all men may laugh
at him.
 To praise the young ladies of
Malolos:
 for their courage to establish a
school where they could learn
Spanish
 despite the opposition of Fr.
Felipe Garcia, Spanish Parish
Priest of Malolos
 Main points of the letter:
 A Filipino Mother should
teach her children love of
God, fatherland, and
mankind
 The Filipino Mother should
be glad, like the Spartan
mother
 to offer her sons in the
defense of fatherland.
 A Filipino woman should
know how:
 to preserve her dignity and
honor
 A Filipino woman should:
 educate herself, aside
from retaining her good
racial virtues
 Faith is not merely
reciting long prayers
and wearing religious
pictures:
 but rather it is living the
real Christian way, with
good morals and good
manners
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Low words are stronger than loud words
New king, new fashion
The poor gets poorer, the rich richer
Man promises while in need
He who believes in tales has no own mind
The saving man may afterwards be cheerful
The most difficult to rouse from sleep is the man who pretends to be asleep
The fish is caught through the mouth
The sleeping shrimp is carried away by the current
While a people preserves its language; it preserves the marks of liberty.
It is a useless life that is not consecrated to a great ideal. It is like a stone
wasted on the field without becoming a part of any edifice.
There can be no tyrants where there are no slaves.
 I am brave against two, coward
against one
 He carries me, I carry him
 A deep well filled with steel blades
 Prometheus Bound
 The Triumph of Death over Life (given
to Blumentritt)
 The Triumph of Science over Death
(given to Blumentritt)
 A composite carving of the heads of
the Beckett sisters