Taiga
taiga
• Boreal forests,or
taiga(TY guh),are dense
forests of coniferous
evergreens.They are
found along the
northern edge of the
temperate zone.Taiga is
the world's largest land
biome, and makes up
29% of the world's
forest cover.
taiga
• The taiga is found
throughout the high
northern latitudes,
between the tundra,
and the temperate
forest, from about
50°N to 70°N, but
with considerable
regional variation.
Abiotic factors
• long cold winters
short mild summers
•
high humidity;acidic,nutrient-poor
soils
Biotic factors-plant life
• Confifers are well suited
to this biome,Their
shape sheds snow.Waxcovered,needlelike
leaves reduce water
loss.
Animal life
• To stay warm most animals
have small limbs and ears,and
fat or downy feathers for
insulation.The boreal forest,
or taiga, supports a large
range of animals. Canada's
boreal forest includes 85
species of mammals, 130
species of fish, and an
estimated 32,000 species of
insects.
Rivers&Stream
• About the source
River
Stream
Creek
Brook
They often
originate from
underground
water sources
in mountains or
hills.
•
The differences between rivers and
streams
≧▽≦ The rivers are More than 2
meters depth and 5 meters width. The
length is over 2 km.
≧▽≦ In general, the rivers are
deeper than streams. They are also
longer than streams.
≧▽≦ Most streams originate from
valley or in caves. The rivers are made
up of streams, or gathering rainwater.
•
About the plant life
- Downstream, sediments build up and
plants establish themselves.
- Farther downstream, water may wander
slowly through flat areas.
• About
the animals in rivers and streams
Some animals live in rivers and
streams, they depend for food on
plants and other animals that live
along the bank.
Lakes and Ponds
The food web
Based on plankton and attached algae and plants.
Plankton
Typically small organisms that drift in, and may swim through.
Aquatic environments.
Include both phytoplankton and zooplankton.
Phytoplankton
Cyanophyta, Bacillariophyta, Chrysophyta, Xanthophyta,
Pyrrophyta, Cryptophyta, Euglenophyta and Chlorophyta
Zooplankton
Protozoa, Rotifer, Cladocera, Remiped
Circulates
Water flows in and out of lakes and ponds.
It also circulates between the surface and the benthos.
•Heat
•Oxygen
•Nutrients
Steven
What is Bog?
• It is the most important in marsh types.
• It always distribute in forest,and it is not easy to
saw..
• It's surface is always be wet,and it's very
DANGEROUS
Bog's Types
•
•
•
•
•
Moss Bog(which has many moss plants)
Herbaceou Bog
Bushwodd Bog
Forest Bog
Island Salt Natural Pond
Where're they?
• The bog always distribute in forest,ditch.
• Herbaceou Bog is always in flatland which has river or lake.
Freshwater ecosystems
Freshwater Wetlands
Wetland
• Wetland types are varied, usually divided into
two major categories of natural and artificial.
Natural wetlands include marshes, bogs,
lakes, rivers, beaches, constructed wetlands
are paddy, reservoir, pond. According to
statistics, there are natural wetland of
8558000 square kilometers, accounting for
6.4% of land area.
Freshwater Wetlands
Definition：A wetland is an ecosystem in which
water either covers the soil or is present at or near
the surface for at least part of the year. It’s the
transition between land and aquatorium.(e.g.
Shallow sea area, river, lake, reservoir, paddy field )
Characteristic：Water may flow through
wetlands or remain still. Wetlands are often
nutrient-rich and highly productive.
The effects of freshwater wetland.
• It serves as breeding grounds for many organisms.(mainly
because of its freshwater.)
• Freshwater wetlands purify water by filtering
pollutants.(regarded as “the kidney of the earth”)
• Wetlands help to prevent flooding by absorbing and slowly
releasing water.
Marsh Swamp Bog
Marsh: An area of low-lying land that is flood in wet season or at
high tide. And typically remains waterlogged at all times.
Bog: ecology wetland with acid, peaty soil, typical dominated by
peat moss(ph<7)
Swamp: all types of wetlands. Include marsh and bog.